CENTIMETERS
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A SELECTIVE MICROFILM EDITION
PARTY
(1911-1919)
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r
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PATENT SERIES
PATENT APPLICATION FOLIOS
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 01 3 Electric Safety-Lantern
U.S. Patent#: 1266779
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 10/13/1914
November 1, 1917
Mr. Edison:-
Your, application Serial No. 866,943, filed October 16,
1914 and entitled Electric Safety lanterns, has been allowed.
This application relates to a miner's safety lamp in which a
vacuum is maintained in the lamp oasing, and comprising an ar¬
rangement whereby, if the vacuum in such casing is destroyed,
the oirouit through the lamp is automatically broken.
Kindly advise whether you wish the United States rights
to this application assigned to Edison Storage Battery Company,
retaining the foreign rights yourself, as usual, or whether you
wish to retain all rights in this application,
tv
y\
A
Mr. Edison:
5-frv
Referring to your notation "Assign all to Battery
.on my memorandum to you of the 1st inst.. attaohe-d hereto, do yj
not think it advisable to assign only the United States rights
in this application to Edison Storage Battery Company and to
retain the foreign rights yourself, instead of assigning all
rights to the Battery Company? This has been the practice
right along with reference to inventions relating to storage
batteries, and a departure from this practice might lead to
confusion in the futuri
c
T'Dr. -llrt-r ^ ~
(&>Cl± o-ijtd'
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>li^ rv
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rles Edison:- / /
Y'7
tecember 12, 1917.
PdUo A -
Mr. Charles
e.
Referring to the attached memoranda, the principal ob¬
jection to assigning both the United States and foreign rights
in Mr. Edison's application relating to Eleotrio Safety lanterns
to Edison Storage Battery Company is as follows :-
X understand that Mr. Edison wishes to be in a position
to negotiate and enter into agreements in any foreign country with
reference to the inventions disclosed in all patents assigned to
the Battery Company, in his own name and independently of the
Battery Company. For this reason, the foreign rights to the in¬
ventions disclosed in all United States patents and applications
owned by the Battery Company have heretofore been retained by or
4 assigned to Mr. Edison. In this connection I beg to advise that
some time ago when it was discovered that Mr. Edison had assigned
to the Battery Company the foreign rights in certain of his early
storage battery inventions, these rights were at once reassigned
to Mr. Edison. Should we depart from this practice in the case
of the application under consideration, it would, of course, be
necessary for the Battery Company to figure in any negotiations
involving foreign rights to the invention disclosed in such ap¬
plication.
for. (Sr
WH-JS
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Composition of Matter for Sound-Records or the Like and
Process of Making the Same
U.S. Patent#: 1342326
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 8/21/1915
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Hr. Edison;
IN RE: APPLICATION 47520
Filed August 26, 1915
COMPOSITION OP MATTER.
The above application relates to the condensation
of shpllac by paraphenylenediamine, C6 H4 (N Hg)2, to form
a hard composition insoluble in ordinary solvents.
(1) Can other condensing agents he used? If
(2) Is it old
\ If so, what?
_ — ' f 3 ) Can all amlmo bases be used for c
shellac^-— 'If not, what ones can?
(4) Can aniline,, Ce H5 H Hg, be used to condense
_ . . la-%. V«
shellac? — J v ^
(5) Is the condensation product formed which is
insoluble, hard and will not melt a new one as far as you
know? — — »
(6) Does the term "ordinary solvents" above
mean ordinary solvents for shellac?
(7) To produce the condensation, is the prosence
of Cg H4 (N Hg ) g sufficient without the addition of such
substances as formaldehyde or hexa-methylene amin? -1" I
(8) Comment on the use of shellac and aniline in J
the British patent to Berend in the file. Note the mixture
has several substances besides the two above mentioned. Note
-2-
also that the mixture is only heated to about 70° C.
To what temperature at least must our composition be heated
to condense the shellac?
It may be stated that all claims specifying pura-
phenylenediamine have been allowed.
CHAS.^^CESIER
l
r< j ^
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1038 Projectile
U.S. Patent#: 1297294
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/11/1916
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1037
U.S. Patent#:
Method and Means for Improving the Rendition of Musical
Compositions
1323218
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/12/1916
I
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1041 Projectile (Case A)
U.S. Patent#: 1300709
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 2/4/1916
\
Mr.
Edison:-
May 7, 1917
POLIO 1041
I am senfling you herewith application Polio 1041 which
is one of the three applications prepared about a year ago covering
improvements in Projectiles. This application has been allowed.
Will you kindly advise me as to the following:
Pirst: Do you wish any foreign applications files os' the
invention covered in this application?
Second: Do you wish this applicati^r
so , to whom?
Third: When do you wish the final fee paid on this ap-
Licirti|i? sJh&gU^ a^T°if
plication?
With reference to the question of assigning this appli¬
cation, I recall that when the same was prepared you mentioned that
you might assign the same to the United States Government. If you
do not wish to do so at this time, the patent can, of course, be
Mr. Meadoworoft:
October 16, 1917
Will you kindly bring the attached papers to Mr.
December 7, 1918
Mr. Edison: -
POLIOS 1028. 1041 and 1042
I am sending you herewith three applications of yours
relating to projectiles, all of which have been allowed. Some
time ago you directed me to keep these applications in the Pat¬
ent Office until after the war, or as long as possible.
How that the war is over, will you kindly advise me
whether you wish the patents taken out or the applications
abandoned. In the case of two of these applications, namely,
Folios 1038 and 1042, it will be necessary in order to obtain
the patents merely to pay the final fees. Application Polio
1041, however, has been allowed to forfeit with the intention
of filing a renewal thereof about January 1, 1919, and in order
to obtain a patent on this allowed application it will be nec¬
essary to pay a renewal filing fee of $15.00 in addition to the
final fee.
In case you decide to take out the patents, do you wish
| the same assigned to the United States Government or to retain
/the title thereto?
William A. Hardy
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 042 Projectile (Case B)
U.S. Patent#: 1300708
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 2/5/1916
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 045 Production of Potassium Chloride
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 5/1 8/1916
Folio No...YQ.^S
Serial NoS..S..%f..^>J .
Applicant.
.
.
pfl^^Npvvi*^, T.% iVM’U. . Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee . .
Ass’g’t Exec . . Recorded . . . Liber . Page
Patent No. Issued . .
ACTIONS.
1 Locj.^^0^ CLkx. o aA i 6 - ■
U x \°v 1 7 \j A- _
4 _ _ _ ... _ .: . _J!_ . . . . 19 . . . . — . .
5 . vfc^. 20 . , .
6 . . . - 21 . . .
t..i i . . 22 . ; A.
8 . 23 . . L^;V. ' .
9 . ; . 24 . . . . .:. / . r .
io . . . : . 25 . ':..., . .
n ia -» — 4A- -
12 . . . . 27 . .........v
13 . 28 . r
. 14. . .. . . . 29 . . . : .
15 . . . . . , ' 30 . . . . - . .
DYER & HOLDEN,
Jfctittim.
So tljr (UnmmiBBinnrr nf patent a :
four JJptitionpr BH0UAs a. EDISON
a ritigrn nf tip Unitrii g-tatra, reading anil Ijaning a float ©ffirc abiirraB at
Llewellyn Pari:, ’.Vest Orange , K3tiex County, New Jersey
jjraga tliat Irttrra patrnt mag br grantrii tn l)itn far tip improtirmrnta in the
PRODUCTION OP POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
apt fortlj in tip annrxrii aprrifiration; anil Ijp Iprrbg appoints Igpr & ^olbpn
(fipgiatration No. 3244) a firm rontpnapii nf 3Frank 53. Bgpr anil IpIob ^nlbpn,
uiIjobp aiHirraa ia Sbiaon ©fiicp luiliiing. ©rang?, Npiu Jrrarij, Ijia attnrnpga.
uiitlj full potorr nf anbatitutinn anil rpuoration, tn proaprute tliia appliration, to
makp altpratinna anil ampniiinpnta tlprpin, tn rprpinp tip patpnt anil to tranaart
all buainpaa in tip flatrnt ©ffirp ronnprtpii tlprruritlf.
SPECIFICATION.
I) AIL V/HOM IT MAY CONCERN:
• BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A.
31 SON, a citizen of the United States and a resident of .
Lewellyn Park, West Orange. Essex County, New Jersey, have
ivented certain new and useful improvements in the PRODHC-
[ON OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE, Of which the following is a
ascription.
' The objeot of my invention is to
rovide an improved process and apparatus for extracting the
otassium of potassium- containing silicates, such as potash
el spar .
$ - Briefly stated, the invention
onsists in mixing finely'divided potash felspar or other
uitable potassium containing silicate and sodium chloride
,r oommon salt and heating the mixture above the melting
)0int of fche salt: t0 oaas® a r9aotlon thereby potassium
shloride and what appears to be a soda feldspar are formed.
^ excess of the sodium chloride or salt above that theoratl-
H^Iy required” to complete the reaction, is; employed so as to
p^otl a very intimate contact between the salt and the
felspar and to facilitate the reactien. During the reaction
some of the potassium chloride and sodium chloride are
volatilized. A solution is made from the products of vola¬
tilization, and a second solution > is formed by leaching the
potassium chloride and the excess of sodium chloride from the|
fused mass formed in the kiln or other heater in which re¬
action takes place.
In order to separate the sodium
chloride from the potassium chloride, the solutions above |
1/ name/ are heated and boiled down, whereby the sodium chloride,
whose solubility decreases with increasing temperature,
crystallizes out of the solution. The potassium chloride
increases in solubility with increased temperature and re-
mains dissolved in the hot solution. By running the hot
solution quickly through a filter, the crystallized sodium
chloride may be readily filtered off. The filtrate is now
allowed to oool, whereupon the potassium chloride crystall¬
izes therefrom. The potassium chloride crystals thus ob¬
tained may be further purified by soaking them in cold water
which removes the sodium chloride still mixed therewith,
potassium ohloride not being very soluble in cold water,
especially in the presence of sodium chloride.
S In order that this invention may
|| he more clearly understood, attention is direoted to the
accompanying drawing firming a part of this Specification and
|| m whioh figure 1 is a central vertical view, partly in
elevation and partly in cross section of one form of
j apparatus employed by me in connection with this invention,
and
A
on line 2, a of figure 1.
In both the views like parts are
designated by the same reference numerals.
Referring to the drawing, the
numeral 1 designates a kiln, mounted for rotation on rollers,
2 and 3 which support the kiln in inclined position. The
kiln my be rotated by^ suitable motor 3’ which drives rack
3 " surrounding the kiln. The material to be heated is fed
into the upper end of the kiln through a hopper 4. and fuel,
such as pulverized coal, is injected into the lower end of
I -2-
I the kiln through a nozzle 5. A suitable construction of
nozzle and fuel feeding apparatus is shown in my United
States Patent Ho. 1,106,444. The upper end of the kiln ex¬
tends and fits comparatively closely into an absorption
chamber 6, the end of thiB chamber remote from the kiln hav¬
ing connected thereto a blower 7, whereby through suction a
draft may be created through the absorption chamber and kiln
The ”b lower, as Bhown, is driven by a motor 6. Extending
across the absorption chamber about midway between the ends
thereof are a plurality of vertical series of baffles 9.
These baffles extend all the way across and from the top to
substantially the bottom of the absorption chamber, leading
into the said chamber above the baffles are a plurality of
water inlets or pipes 10, through which water from a reservoij
j 11 com be supplied to the said chamber. A pump 12, serves
to draw the water from the said reservoir through pipe 11'
| and to force the same through pipe connection 13 into the
inlets 10. , The lower end of the absorption chamber is provid
ed with an outlet 14, provided with two branches 16 and 16,
which are respectively connected to reservoirs 17 and 18.
| ValveB 19 and 20, serve to effect the opening aid closing of
I the branches 16 aid 16 respectively. The reservoirs 17 and
18 are provided with outlets 21 ani 22 controlled by valves
23 and 24 respeotively.From the outlets 21 and 22 above the
valves 23 and 24 extern pipes 26 and 26 respectively, these
pipes leading through connections 27,28,29 and 50 to pipe 11
A valve 31 for closing the pipe 11' is located in the latt “
between the connection 30 aid the reservoir 11. The numeral
32 designates an inlet for the reservoir 11. Valves 33 and 34
are located in aid permit the closing of pipes 26 and 26
respectively. The apparatus described above permits the
supplying of water from the reservoir 11, through the ab¬
sorption chamber and into either reservoir 17 or 18. She
reservoir 11 may also be shut off by means of valve 31 and
the solution in either reservoir 17 and 18 circulated through
the same and the absorption chamber. If it is desired to so
circulate the solution from reuervoir 17. valves 19 and "
are opened ahd valves/2o’, 34*and 31 closed. She solution then
passes from the reservoir 17 through pipes 85,87,88,29,30,
11', pump 12, pipe connection 13, inlets 10, over the bafflei
in the absorption . chamber, ani through the pipes 14 and 15
back to the reservoir 17. If it is desired to circulate thej
solution from the reservoir g18 the valves 20 and 34 are
opened, and the valves^,’ 33 ’and 31 closed. She solution
then passes from reservoir 18 through pipes 26, 27, 88,29,
11', pump 12, connection 13, inlets 10, over the baffles in
absorption chamber, and through the pipes 14 and 16 back t®
the reservoir 18. A pipe 35 leading^from the reservoir con-
taining the solution extracted from the fuBed mass from the
kiln is connected to the outlet 14 above the branches 15 and
1 16.
In carrying out the invention
the felspar or other suitable potassium containing silicate
is first passed through a crusher and the crushed material is
^ then ground to a rather fine powder, fhis powder is then
' Lixed with sodium chloride and water to form a paste which is
^ [hen formed into small briquette. The valves 31 and either
Live 19 or 80 being -open and all of the other valves closed.
Lnd the kiln 1. pump 12,- and blower 7 having been started
Into operation, these briquette are fed into the
[through the hopper 4. Ehe temperature J.n^the-kilnjhould
preferably -be^betweenJ50^dagrees^aed 2000jlegree8 Pahren-
II halt. As herin before stated, the sodium chloride should he
rirTexaeaB of the amount required theoretically for the re.
action, equal amounts of feldspar and sodium chloride being
preferably used for a 10# Botash Bel/spar - By a 10# potash
felspar is meant one in which the potassium content is
I ^equivalent to the potassium in an amount of potassium oxide
T(Kj’p) weighing 10# of the weight of the feldspar. During
I this operation the reaction between the felspar and the
sodium chloride takes place as hereinbefore stated and fumes
of potassium chloride and sodium chloride pass through the
kiln and into the absorption chamber 6, the blower 7 serving
to maintain the desired draft. She water passing into the
| absorption chambeTl^ the inlet* 10, forms a plurality of
substantially continuous sheets in which the products c£
volatilization are absorbed, the solution thus farmed pass¬
ing through the outlet 14 and into one of the tanks
reservoirs 17 or IB. When this tank or reservoir is sub.
stantially filled with solution the valve 31 is shut off and
the solution in the reservoir is circulated through the ab.
sorption chamber until a strong solution is obtained. Shis,
reservoir is then shut off, whereupon the same operations
may be repeated with the other of the reservoirs 17, 18 in
I use.
The fused mass or residue from the
II lower end oft the kiln 1 is passed through a crushing machine
and the sodium and potassium chloride extracted therefrom in
the form of a solution, as by leaching. Shis solution may be
|| admitted through the pipe 35 into .'.either reservoir 17 or 18,
- it may be passed directly into an evaporator and treated
3 hereinafter described for the strong solutions from the
II said reservoirs
-6-
The Btrong solutions from the reser¬
voirs IV and 18 together with that obtained from the fused
mass from the kiln are evaporated in any suitable evaporator,
this operation being performed at a sufficiently high tem¬
perature to oause the sodium chloride to crystallize while
potassium chloride remains in solution. The sodium chloride
is filtered from the solution by any suitable filter, the
filtrate being run into a orystallizing pan and permitted to
cool, vhereby the potassium chloride is caused to crystallize
For the further purification for the crystals thus formed,
the potassium chloride may be packed into a tank and soaked
for several hours in cold water. This operation dissolves
out the remaining sodium ohloride without oausing much of the
potassium ohloride, which is not very Boluble in cold water ,
in the presence of sodium ohloride, to paBB into the solution
In this manner a very pure product is obtained.
While I have described the preferred
embodiment of my invention, many modifications may be made
therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.
^ What I claim (is; new and desire to
protect by Patent of the United States, is as follows:
1. The method of manufacturing ' '
potassium ohloride which comprises mixing a potash felspar
and sodium chloride and heating the same to a temperature
above the melting point of the Bodium chloride, substantially
as set forth.
2. The method of manufacturing
potassium chloride whioh comprises mixing potash feldspar
and sodium ohloride, the Bodium ohloride being in excess of
th(3 amount theoretically necessary for complete reaction
with the feldspar, aid heating the mixture to a temperature
-6-
above the melting point of the sodium chloride, substantiall;
as set forth.
3. I he method of manufacturing
potassium chloride whioh comprises mixing a potash feldspar
and sodium chloride, forming volatile potassium ohloride by1
heating the said mixture, and forming a solution from the
volatile potassium ohloride, substantially as set forth.
4. The method of manufacturing
potassium ohloride whioh comprises mixing a potaBh feldBpar
and sodium ohloride, the sodium ohloride being in excess of
the amount theoretically necessary for complete reaction
with the feldspar, heating the mixture to oauso the feldspar
and sodium ohloride to react whereby there is formed a mixtu:
of potassium chloride and of sodium chloride, and separating
the sodium chloride from the potassium chloride, substan¬
tially as set forth.
5. The method of manufacturing
potassium ohloride whioh comprises mixing a potash feldspar
and sodium chloride, the sodium chloride being in excess of
the amount theoretically necessary for complete reaction
with the feldspar, heating the mixture to cause the feldspar
sodium ohloride to react, forming a solution of tho
potassium ohloride thus produced and of the excess sodium
ohloride, and separating the sodium chloride from tho
potassium ohloride in the solution substantially as sot
forth-.
6. The method of manufacturing
potassium ohloride, which comprises mixing a potash feldspar
and, sodium ohloride, heating the mixture to cause the in.
-7-
!
solid, mass containing
gradients thereof to raaot, and form a
potassium obloride and extracting the potassium chloride
from the solid mass remaining after the reaction, substan¬
tially as set forth.
V. The method of manufacturing ,)/
potassium ohlorlde, which ' comprises mixing a potash f eld spa
and sodium chloride, heating the. same to cause the ingred¬
ients of the mixture to react and to form volatile potassiua
chloride and a solid residue containing potassium chloride,
and obtaining a solution of potassium chloride from the
residue ana from the products of volatilization thus obtain id,
substantially as set forth.
0. The method of manufacturing
potassium chloride which comprises mixing a potash feldspaxl i
sodium chloride, the sodium ohlorlde being in excess of the|
amount theoretically necessary for complete reaction with
the feldspar, heating the mixture, causing the seme to react
and form volatile potassium ohloride and sodium chloride anl
a residue containing potassium chloride and sodium chloride,
forming from the residue and from the volatile products thus
obtained a solution of potassium chloride and sodium
ohloride, and separating the sodium chloride from the
potassium ohloride in the solution, substantially as set
forth.
9; The method of manufacturing
potassium ohloride whioh comprises mixing a potash feldspar
and sodium ohloride, the Bodium ohloride being in excess of
the amount theoretically necessary for complete reaction
'/with the feldspar ^heating , the mixture to cause same to react
wt th the formation of a solid mass containing potassium
6'
chloride and sodium chloride, extracting the potassium
chloride and the sodium chloride from the solid mass thus
obtained, and separating the sodium chloride from the
potassium chloride, substantially as set forth.
10. The method of manufacturing
potassium chloride which comprises mixing a potassium con¬
taining silioate and sodium chloride and heating the mixture
to a temperature above the melting point of the sodium
chloride, substantially as set forth.
C$>
11. Ihe apparatus of the class
described, the combination of a haater, an absorption chamber
connected to said heater, and meaifB for passing a stream of
water through said chamber, substantially as described.
12. In Apparatus of the class
described, the combination of a/heater, an absorption cham¬
ber connected thereto, baffleBtin said chamber, and means
for passing a stream of water through said chamber over said
baffles, substantially as described.
13. /in apparatus of the class
described, the combination op.' a heater, an absorption cham- r
bar connected thereto, meaim for passing a stream of water
through said chamber, and means for creating a draft through
said heater and chamber, et lbstantially as described.
jfl4. In apparatus of the class ^
described, the combinatjJbn of a rotary heater, an absorption
chamber connected thereto, means for passing a stream of
water through said ohamber and means for creating a draft
through said heater and chamber, substantially as described.
-9-
v^\
16. id apparatus of the ciaBS
I described. the combination of a Notary heater, means for
supplying to said heater the material to be heated, aid an
absorption chamber connected wi/h said heater, baffles in
said chamber, means for passing a stream of water through
said chamber over Bald baffles/, and means for creating a
draft through said heater a nd| chamber, substantially as
described.
/l6. In apparatus of the olaBs
| described, the combination fof a heater, means for supplying
„o said heater the materia/ to be heated, and an absorption
I chamber connected with safe .heater, baffles in said chamber,
means for passing a strain of water through said chamber
over said baffles, and Jeans for creating a draft through
said heater and chamber J, substantially as described.
01, is apeciftration aigneb anb mitneaaeb Una I % bag nVW^ 191
^~VL^ Cl. ^4^S±: -
Iflititraara :
GDatlj.
§tate of to 3rraru ) ^
(Gnuntg of Eaaex )
r,Toro. , the abnoe nameb
aiOMif! a. r.Diaon 1
prttnmvr. being bulg omorn, bepoaea anb aaga tl,at l,e is a ritifen of % Imtab
Statea, anb a reaibent nf uewellyn Parle, vie at orange, Essex County,
Hew Jersey
tt,at l,e wrilg belteuea Ijiutaelf ta bp tl,p original, brat a«b anlp inoentnr af tl,p
impronementa in the
PR0DU0TX0H OP POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
bpambpb aub tlaimpb in tl,p mutexeb opacification; tl,at 1,p bapa not Kama attb
bnaa not beliene tl,at tl,e aamp uma pupp lutmmt ar uapb bpfarp l,ia btoention nr
biarnurrg tl,prpaf: ar patpntpb ar bearribeb in anU priutrb pnbhratiou in tl,p
llnitrb Statea af America ar ana foreign rountru brfare l,ia inarnttan nr
biatnurru tljerenf, ar more tl,an two tjeara prior to tljia appliratinn; nr patpntrb
in ana rnnntra fareiSn ta tl,r Initeb States an an application filrb mare tl,an
tutelar mnntlja prior tn tljia application; or in public nap nr nn sale m tl,p
Initrb Statea for more tlian turn geara prior tn tbia applicattnn; anb tl,at nn
application for patent upon aaib innpntinn I,aa been fileb bg l}im or l,ia legal
repreaentatioea nr aaaigna in ang foreign countrg.
AiUv o CL .
Smnrn tn anb aubacribeb before me tl,ia H bay of 191 ^
[Seal]
Notary public.
Paper No.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
€^TENr
AIIR 18 |
^4}! l
...J3y.ox...fe.Jlftld..en4.... .
.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application t
■pY.nrinn'hion of -Ep-ti»aalum...Ox3,-Qxt-49.t- - -
Oomminiontr of Patents. 0
In the epeoifioation and claime "pptaoh feUopap" would
hotter he potaeeium feldspar. Division is required between olain®
1 to 10 inoluaive to the proceoe and claims 11 to 16 inclusive to the
apparatus.
AB a rcoult of a ouroory search the following references
Newberry,' 1,121^2, Deo. 15, 1914, (23-22-43X)
Baooott, 1,072,686, Sept» 9f 1913,
Acting Examiner, niv. 6
/
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
I Thomas A. Edison
PRODUCTION OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
Filed May 23, 1916 Eoom Ho* 310
Serial No, 99,281
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Office aotion of
I August 18, 1916, please amend the above entitled oase as
follows:-
Canoel claims lfc-lxf 16 inolusive.
REMARKS
It is believed that the expression "potash
II feldspar" is properly employed in the speoifioation and
claims, as the material which is referred to thereby is
|| commonly known by this name.
The requirement for division has been complied
| with by canceling claims 11 to 16 inolusive. The right
reserved to file a divisional application on the sub-
| jeot matter of the oanoeled olaims.
An aotion on the merits is requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON (
By
I„ „ T ^His Attorneys
Orange, N. J.
July G , 191V
2-260
Div . ft— Boom - 3X8
Paper No . 4
iff, title of Invention, a
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE
WASHINGTON -
. E(yer~& Holden
2 S 1917
. -Edison- Of-£-i os -Buildin&r -
_ .Orange,-lIew- Jersey.. . .
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge oftho application ,
---3orlaX-JIo»-M,881,-filed--irtky-55rxeifrrT«:
-4i4i#o»r-*homM-.A*., -Serial
-.Sraduo4ilON-of-So-taani«m-Ghlor-i<le.
Commissioner of Patents, y
Replying to your communication filed July?, IP 17.
Page 1, last line, ohange "names* to najnod.
Claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9 and 10 aro olearly met by Bassett
of record and aro rejeoted.
It is old to treat potash feldspar with onloium chloride
or other halogen compound and to heat the mixture to fusion to vo-
litalize the potassium oompoupd^ ad ohown by
Ellis, 1,186,8224; June ft, 1916, (282).
Sllis mentions the fact that some potassium compound is not volltallzed.
Prom Bassett above there would be no invention in leaching the fused
maBS to reoover this unvolitpddzed potassium oompound.
Cushman, 987,431#; Maroh 21, 1911, (23-22-43X) describes
another variation in whioh the feldspar is deoomposod by heating
with lime and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chloride the
temperature being kept below that at whioh substantial amounts of
potassium oompound is volltalsed and the potassium ohlorlde being, re¬
covered from the heated mixture. There would b| no invention in re-
■S
2
covering this -MOX amount of volitolizod potassium ohlorid in
view of Ellis.
Claim* 3, ? and 6 which specify heating to such temperature
aa to volitalise part of the potassium ohlorid* and recovering it
both from the fume and the residue are rejected ae presenting nothing
patentable over Buesett of record and mils and Cushman above.
Examiner, Div. 6
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V RECEIVED BY
MERCHANT SHIPBUILDING CORPORATION^t-J^JU?^
AGENTS ^
United States Shipping Board
EMERGENCY FLEET CORPORATION
BRISTOL, PA.
September 26, 1917.
fifaVa letter fran Elias, v
Mr. Thomas A. Edison,
Orange, fl. J.
My Dear Mr. Edison:
Enclosed you Will wpcuu as s ter iruu uiioo, >
the Chemist who worked on the potash extraction from feldspar' hy V
the use of salt. • You will see he is under the impression that the
Bassett patents are not necessarily hasio on this method on account
of the question of air. This might enable you to get these patents
through whioh were applied for some time ago. flf course I have no
copy of the patent with me and do not remember the claims, but potash
is a very serious matter at the present time and I know you are inter¬
ested in it.
Respectfully yours.
Enc.
limited to bringing about the reaction between the feldspar and
salt in the presence of air. Bassett describes his process as
follows :-
"In the praotioe of my process I add to disintegrated
and preferably finely ground feldspar or feldspar bearing
rook, about one half of its weight of sodium chlorid and'
heat the mixture to a yellow heat in the presence of air,
preferably from 800 to 900 degrees C., for about one to
two hours. The mass is then treated with water prefer¬
ably by being dumped while still hot, into a vat of water
which may advantageously be used in the proportion of
about two to five parts by wei$it of water to one part
of the fused mass. The mass is then leached with water
and the potash and sodium salts are obtained in any de¬
sired manner, preferably by evaporation to dryness. The
potassium and sodium salts are later separated, as for
example, by crystallization.
The invention described in your pending application
relating to the production of potassium chloride, however, also
seems to be limited in the same way, for the specification of
this application describes the material to be heated, namely,
feldspar and salt, as fed into the upper end of an ordinary rot¬
ary kiln, and fuel, suoh as pulverized coal, injected into the
lower end of the kiln through a nozzle, such as shown in your
patent Ho. 1,106,444. This patent describes the stream of fuel
-2-
projected from the nozzle as surrounded with an envelope of air.
Moreover, the specifioation of your application describes a
blower connected to the end of the absorption chamber remote
from the kiln for creating a draft through the absorption chamber
and kiln. Accordingly, it ia apparent that the reaction between
the feldspar and salt as described in your application must take
place in the presence of air, and it is believed to be impossible
to revise the application so as to cover a process wherein the
reaction between the feldspar and sail; would occur in the presence
of an inert gas or with the absence of air. Consequently, it
would seem that all broad claims which it would be possible to
make in your application would be anticipated by the patent to
Bassett referred to.
Even if it were possible to revise your application to
cover a process wherein the reaction between the feldspar and salt
takes place in the presence of an inert gas or with the absence of
air, broad claims covering such a process would, in my opinion,
be anticipated by British patent Bo. 11555 of 1847 to Silghman.
Tilghman describes his process as follows
"I obtain muriate of potash by heat
muriate employed. fmml wejght of finely
common salt, wh ioh * m;~7 la Wnii driedand intro-
might tend to hurst the cylinder, I have a small hole
through the upper part of this door, which is closed at
pleasure hy a loosely fitting plug. The cylinder is
covered on the outside with fire brick, to protect the
iron from the action of the fire. The oylinder and its
contents are to he heated to bright redness for about six
hours; the heat should he above the fusing point of the
muriate employed, hut I prefer to Keep it below the tem¬
perature at which the feldspar would melt, as the charge
would then he more difficult to remove from the oylinder.
The cover is now taken off, and the charge raked out as
quickly as possible into an iron pot, which is immediately
covered and kept closed until the mass is cool. The sol¬
uble salts are to be extracted from the mass by water, and
the muriate of potash separated from the other salt by
evaporation and crystallization in the usual manner."
Patent Mo; 1,186,688 to Ellis discloses the feature
of absorbing volatilized potassium chloride by water sprays
in a manner similar to that disclosed in your application.
X am of the opinion that it is not possible to present
any claims of value in your application which would be patentable
over the prior art, for reasons stated above. Have you any sug¬
gestions to make in this connection?
I am sending herewith our copy of your application
referred to. £>
WB-JS
v1 1 M r
Mr. Edison
.November 16, 1917
Referring to your query noted on my memorandum to you
of the 6th inst. attached hereto, as to whether the Tilghman pat¬
ent does not fully anticipate the patent to Bassett, I beg to
advise that the Tilghman patent was cited in the prosecution of
the application which resulted in the patent 1*o Bassett, and
Bassett's claims were amended to distinguish from Tilghman by
bringing out that the reaction between the feldspar and salt
takes place in the presence of air. Apparently, in Tilghman' s
process, the reaction between the potash feldspar and salt takes
place in the presence of an inert gas or in the absence of air.
This patent specifies that the mixture of potash feldspar and salt
is introduced into an iron cylinder with an opening only 'at one
end which is closed with an iron door or cover and luted tight.
Of course, the process of the Tilghman Britis.h patent is open to
the public, as this patent was granted in 1847.
There seems to be no possibility of securing any claims
of value on the process in question iu your pending application,
and in view of your notation "Of course we are out of it" on my
attached memorandum, X presume that you wish this application
abandoned. Is this
WH-JS
Patent Series
Folio# 1048
U.S. Patent#:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Application Files
Para-Phenylene-Di-Amin Substances and a Process
Relating Thereto
1283706
Edison, Thomas A
9/21/1916
^-0-r'L^
CX-A-* — <5^ ^Ca* — A
^JX
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1049 Molds
Serial#: 123480
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 9/28/1916
Serial NoJ.2>3M%-Oi
Folio No . |HUi3 .
Applicant.
. ..
Title . .TYv..cr>-sJs5>. .
Filed . ,©..cJ!Lo^sd?A-...^...y\^SiN^a...
Examiner’s Room No.
Ass’g’t Exec. . Recorded .
. .'...Liber . Page . .
-Z\vsnC.*W^U 16
^ VSjl^iy 17 - ..(bA '-V
DYER & HOLDEN,
ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
Jfctittfltu
So tlje Sommiaaioner of JIatrnta
four Petitioner TH0MAS A> jsra SON
a ritigen of tlje llniteii &tatea, reaibing anil Rawing a foot ©ffire a&iireaa at
Llewellyn Park, West oranjre, Essos: County, Haw Jersey
grago tljat IetterB patent mag be granted to Ijim for % impronementa in
HOLDS
aet forilj in % attnexeb aperifiratton; anil Ije Ijerehg appointa Sger & ijolben
(Segiatration No. 3244) a firm rompoaeii of Iffranb B. Iger anil leloa Sjoliien,
rnljoae aitbreaa ia Sbiaou ©ffire luiliiing, ©range, Nem 3eraeg, Ijia attornega,
witlj full pomer of aubatitution anil reooration, to proaerute tljia appliration, to
make alterations atib ameuinuenta tljerein, to rereioe tlje patent anil to tranaart
all buaineaa in tlje Patent ©ffire ronnerteii tljemuitlj.
a.
PBOIFIOAEIOH.
TO ALL raiOM IS KAY COHOBBIt:
HE IS KHOWII that I, SHOMS A EDISON, a oitizen of the
United States and a resident of Llewellyn Park, V.’est Orange, Essex
County, New Jersey, have invented certain now and useful improvements
in KOLDS, of which the following is a description:-
Ey invention relates to molds and more particularly to molds
for use in the manufacture of sound records of the disc type and whioh
are adapted to impress a sound record into either or both faces of the
sound record material or blank. In forming those records, it is cus¬
tomary to make a copper matrix by electroplating on a master reoord
previously rendered electro-conductive by a coating of graphite or
other suitable moons, and to Reinforce this matrix with a backing or
plate of steel or other suitable material to give the same sufficient
rigidity for use as a stomp or die to impress the record into the
reoord material or blank. Y/hen it is desired to produce a reoord on
. both faces of the disc, a mold conprising a pair of such dies arranged
in opposed relation, is employed,1 the reoord material or: blank is dis¬
posed therebetween,- and the dies are forced together under high pres- ).
bu roy Ehe higi pressure employed in forcing tiie dies of such a mo?^
together tends to produce a lateral flow of the record material or
blank therebetween and thereby deform the edge portion of suoh material!
or blank. Various means have been suggested for finishing ttxe edges of|
records nmde in molds of this character, tho molds of one type hereto¬
fore proposed oonprlsii^ a pair of opposed matrices respectively
secured to their backings by rings or annular olanping members respec¬
tively projecting beyond the matrices, the projecting portions of said
rings having lips or flange* overlying the peripheries of the matrices
and said flanges having tapered inner edges to form the record with a
smooth double bevel edge. Reoordo made in molds of this type as here¬
tofore constructed are frequently defeotive, especially whore record \
materials or blanks of a low degree of thermo plastiolty are employed, \
as these molds permit a lateral flow of the material of the reoord
being pressed sufficient to materially deform and sometimes orach the
reoord at the edge portion thereof.
She prinoipal object of my invention is to provide a mold
the use of which will result in the elimination of the above defects.
A further objoot of my invention is to provide improved means for
attaching the matrix of such a mold to its backing.
Uy invention also contemplates an improved construction for
facilitating the removal of the finished reoord from the mold. Other
objects of my invention will appear more fully in the following speci¬
fication and appended olaims.
In order that my invention may he more olearly understood,
attention is hereby directed to the aooompanying drawing fowling a
part of this specification, and in which!
Figaro 1 represents a central vortical sootional view show¬
ing a mold embodying my invention having a sound record or blank there¬
in; and
Figure 2 represents a plan view thereof with the upper die
removed.
Referring to the drawing, reference ohsraoter 1 represents
a sound reoord or blank disposed between a pair of dies or stamps con¬
stituting my improved mold. Each of the dies or stamps of the mold
preferably comprises a substantially flat oiroular matrix 2 bearing
against a booking plate 3. A ring or annular clamping member 4 is
os owed to each backing plate 3 by a plurality of screws or other suit¬
able fastening members 5, the ringed extending inwardly heyond the
matrix 2 and the extending portion thereof being provided with a lip or
flange 6 overlying the periphery of the mtrix. .She portion of each
rJjIg 4 throng which the screws 6 extend is preferably provided with an
annular outwardly extending flange-like portion 7 vfhioh fits within
correspondingly shaped recess 8 formed in the inner portion of the :
speotlve backing plate 3. She portion of each ring 4 extending inwardly|
heyond the corresponding mtrix 2 and provided with the flange or rib
6 is preferably slightly less in thiotaess than one-half of tie thin¬
ness of the records which are designed to be formed in the mold.] In
order to prevent any mterlal lateral flow of the record material or
him* 1 during the pressing of the record, and to prevent the deforma¬
tion or cracking of the edge of the record during such pressing, the
annular inner edge of the lip or flange 6 of each ring 4 is preferably
finished smooth and extends at rl*t angles to tho corresponding matrix
Each natrix 2 is preferably socurod at its oontor to its
backing 3 in the following mrnor; She baching plate 3 of each matrix
is provided at its center with a screw threaded opening and the portion
of such opening adjacent the inner surface of the backing plate is
countersunk. She mtrix 2 is provided with a central opening register¬
ing with the corresponding opening in the backing plate 3 and the mater-|
ini about such opening in the matrix is tapered as shown at 9 to fit
the countersink in the opening of the backing plate 3. A abort thread*)
bushing or cleave 10 le threaded in the backing plate 3 and is provided
with a tapered head engaging the tapered portion 9 of the mtrlx and
holding the same firstly in «ngag«nent with the countersink in the bal¬
ing plate 3. She openings through the bushings 10 and a corresponding
opening in the blank or record 1 are adapted to receive the usual pin
-3-
Eaoh of the rings or damping menibors 4 is preferably
provided with a bevel 12' at ite outer edge portion whereby an annular
uedgo- shop ed groove 13 is formed between the rings. By reason of the
wedge-shaped groove 13, the dies or stamps of the mold may be readily
separated by means of wedges or the like and the record removed.
! Vihen it is desired to impress but one faoa of the reoord
material or blame with a sound record, one of the matrloes 3 may be
omitted. Various other modifications may obviously be made in tho spe¬
cific structure heroin disclosed without departing from the spirit of
my invention and the sooj*) of the appended claims.
Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and
desire to protoot by tatters Patent is as follows «-
3p jn a i^evioo of th^aloDo deacribed, tho combination ..
of a substantially ^lat nkrix, and an annular damping ring( detachably
aeoure^ t/ said matrix and extending theroboyond, tho extending portion ,
of said ring having its inneXedgo substantially otrigt males to the
matrix, suhstontially aB described.
, 2> jn a device ofVho class described, tho combination
of a pair of substantially flat ndrioea in opposed ralation, a baoking
for each of said mtrioes, and mean^for .securing eaoh matrix to its
backing comprising a damping ring having its inner edge substantially
at_rigLt_£ngleB to the matrix, oubstant^lly as described.
3. in a device of the olasV described, the combination of
a pair of substantially flat matrices faoink each other and adapted to
be forced together to mold an article dispose*, therebetween, and means
for preventing any substantial la.teral_flow-ofVid. article and the
defon5dion_of-.tha_.edee. jawreofjthen forced together,
substantially as described. \
V 4. in a devioe of the olaso deaoribod\ the combination of
a pair of substantially flatlmatrloss faolng each other and adapted to
be forced together, to mald an\artlolo disposed therebetween, and a dovioe
^secured') to eaoh of said matrices and extending inwardly beyond the (matrix
to whloh it is secured') for presenting any deformation of the edge of said
article when oaid matrioos are forced together, substantially as de¬
scribed.
0 ' 5. In a dovioe for\foiraing records, a pair of substantial!^
flat matrioos opposed to each othoV and adapted then forced together to
I inrpress a souhd reoo^0^a.b!^,a|sposed therebetween, and on annular
ring (dotaohably Beourod) to each matrix and extending beyond the latter
towards the opposed matrix, the imxeV edge of the extending portion of
ondh ring being substantially at richf angles to the matrices, sub-
j staatially ns described.
'Kg. In a device for form tog records, a pair of substantlal-l
ly flat mi trices opposed to each other cud. adapted when foroed together
to impress a sound reoord on ablaut dlstosod therebetween, and an
annular ring )detaohably aeoorad) to each Atrix and extending beyond the
latter towards the opposed matrix, the expending portion of eaoh ring
being slightly loos lnjhloteass than ono-JUlf the thlohnoss of the
reoordblanlc aid the inner edge of such portion being substantially at
right angles to tha matrioos, substantially as desoribed.
^ V. In a dovioe of the olaBB dLoribed, a pair of sub¬
stantially flat members opposed to each other! one of said members being
[provided with a matrix, said members being adsfcted to be foroed together
mold an article disposed therebetween, and * annular dovioe secured
to eaoh of said members and extending therebeyo*. towards the other
[member, the inner edge of the extending portion If each of said devices
being substantially atjjjht angles to said membeVs, substantially as
desoribed. ^
In a dovioe of the olass desoribed, a substantially
I flat matrix, a backing therefor, eaid matrix having a portion thereof
counter sunt into said backing, i'and a device engaging said countersunk
portion and eeonred to said hacking, oubotant lolly as described.
In a oevioe of the class described, a ouhstantially flat
^ matrix, and a haoldng therefor, said hacking having a cavity and said
mtrix havi^ateSe^i^i^toto said cavity and in en^mont with
the wall thereof, substantially as described.
In a device of the class described, a substantially flat
nntrix, a wv<„e therefor, said backing having on opening fonned with
a countersink, and said matrix having an opening registering with the
opening of said backing, a portion of the matrix about the opening there-|
in being formed to said countersink, and a device secured to the backing
in the opening thereof having moans for holding said portion of the
| matrix in engagement with said countersink, substantially as deBoribed.
( in a device of the class described, a substantially flat
SLlri*. o IMdw tt.r.fw, M •» <“ -a
'ttUn^r^Sto^^e'raneindermer oo f , substantially as described. •
In a devloe of the olass desoribed, a substantially flat
, matrix, a backing therefor, and an annular member for securing said
’ matrix to said backing, /the.. top of the outer edge portion of said member ,
I being be v& d^subo ' tani iaLly ae desoribed.
j"i0. In a devloe of the olass described, a pair of cubstan-
;|| tially -flat opposed matrices, a backing for each of said matrioss, and
a pair of similar, rings for respeotively ssouring said matrices to said
I backings, the inner surfaoseof the outer edge po^io^^ia rings
being beveled to provide a wedge-shaped groove therebetween^ subsian
tlolly os described.
cC~ ~
31)ta aprrifiratimt sigttrb anb witnraarb tljia bag of ^^W>A-131lo
'J-v^ _
HtttraarB:
Statr of Npw .Ilrrarg )
> Bfl.,
(fimmtg of Eaarx )
IHOMAS A. EM soil . % above mmeb
prtitinnrr, bring Juilvj Buuirit, brpnarH anb saga tljat ljr ia a ritigrn nf the Initrb
Statrs. anb a rraibrnt of Llowollyn park, ’.Vest orango , Esoox County,
How Jersey
tliat hr iicrilu brlirura Ijimarlf to be flip original, ftrat anb aolr innrntor nf tljr
imprmirmrnta in
molds
brarribrb anb daimeb in tljr annrxrb aprrifiratimt; tljat ljr bora not know anb
bora not hrlirur tljat tljr aatnr uma rurr known or uarb brforr Ijia innentinn or
biarourrg tljrrrnf; nr patrntrb nr brarribrb in anjj printrb publiration in tljr
Initrb Statra of Antrrira or ang forrign rnnntru brforr Ijia innrntinn nr
biaronrrg tljrrrnf, or ntorr tljan two grara prior to tljia appliratimt; nr patrntrb
in ang rnuntrg forrign to tljr Initrb Statra on an appliratimt filrb ntorr tljan
tuirlnr tnontlja prior to tljia appliratimt; nr in publir uar nr on aalr itt tljr
Initrb Statra for ntorr tljan twn grara prior to tljia appliratimt; anb tljat no
appliratimt for patrnt upon aaib inorntinn Ijaa brrn filrb bg Ijiut or Ijia irgal
rrprrarntatiura or assigns in attg forrign rmuttrg.
Sworn to anb subarribrb brforr mr tljia T-V'' bag of 131 ^
[Sral]
Wntarg Jlublir.
%/ toos —
H. D. B.
....1-6. Boom - 306
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE
WASHINGTON _ IfaA-J, -191-6.-
_ Djrar~&~JIol.dejaT— -
— 15d.i
x..Of-fice...Bulld.inxt-,— -
“I'll OFFlCi
V (I U)|li
—...Orange.
Please find leloi
ideation from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
A. iTd-laon^— Ser-laX-dlou— 126rAS0-r-i’-i.Xed.Tlct-. 3T... iBlfi-,.— f-o:
Commissioner of Patents. 0
'j oiaim 1 is rejected ns incomplete. The clamping ring
ia not secured to the matrix, hut to the banking. The backing
must be included •
Claim 1 io further rejected on
Wiokes, Wov. 'S3, 1909, (18-5.3) in view
of the square edged cavities in the matrices of
Prescott, Mgo, Mar. IP. 1907 (18-5.3). and
'Kaplan, ■ \>MTSS8, APr- 0» 190P* d0 °*3' *
Claims 2. 3 and 1j are rejected on the same references..
Claims 4i i: and 6 are rejected an unwarranted. The edge
devibe is not secured to the matrix, but to the backing. Said
device secures the matrix to the backing.
Claims 4. 5 and 6 are further rejected on the references
cited.
I#' " Claim 8 io allowed.
/p Claim 9 "is rejected as defining nothing patentable oyer
! claim 8. ■ ' ;
I Claim 9 is further rejected on
Petit, 749^092, .Tan. 5, 1904, 188-3.3).
Claim 10. is allowed^.? •' ' ' " '
Claims 11, 15^ and 13 are rejeoted on Wiokeo, cited.
IN TEE UNITED STATES PATENT OPPICE
Piled October 3, 1916
HONOR ABIE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
In response to the Offioe action of
> 6, 1916, please amend the above entitled case as
ICanoel claims 1 to 7 inclusive.
Claim 9, linTs, oanoel "member" and insert -
portion thereof - .
Claim 11, after "thereof" insert - and
being disposed inwardly with reBpeot to the outer edge por¬
tion of the baoking. - .
Claim 12, lin e~4, before "substantially" insert -
said outer edge portion being ^disposed inwardly} with respect
to the outer edge portion of the baoking, - . _
Claim 15, line 6, after the comma insert -fBald
outer edge portions being disposed Inwardly with respect to
the outer edge portions of the baoklngs - « ; _
Renumber claims 8 to 13 as 1 to 6 inclusive
respectively.
Add the following claims: -
of. In a devioe of the class described, a sub¬
stantially flat matrix, and a backing therefor, said matrix
having a projecting portion extending into said backing,
substantially as described.
//'k. In a devioe of the class described, a sub¬
stantially flat matrix, and a backing therefor, said back¬
ing having a countersink, and Bald matrix having a project¬
ing portion extending into and closely engaging the wall of
said countersink, substantially as described.
.REMARKS
It is submitted that claim 2, former a}.aim 9,
as now presented clearly distinguishes from Petit by speci¬
fying that the matrix has a portion thereof extending into
the cavity in the backing and in engagement with the wall
of such cavity. Moreover, it is submitted that this claim
and claim 1 are each different in soope and that claim 2
is necessary in order to adequately protect applicant in
his invention.
Claim 4, former claim 11, as amended differentiate!
from Wiokes by specifying that the outer edge portion of the
annular member is disposed inwardly with respect to the out¬
er edge portion of the baoking and is thinner than the re¬
mainder of Buoh member. This construction enables the dies
or stamps of the mold to be readily separated by means of
wedges or the like and the record removed. In the con¬
struction disclosed by Wlokee, on the other hand, the back¬
ing members are provided at their outer edges with inward¬
ly extending annular rimB which lie closely adjacent each
2
other and prevent aooeBs to the groove between the outer
portions of the opposed annular rings 5 ana 19.
Claims 6 and 6, former claims 12 and 13 respect¬
ive, distinguish from Wiokes in a manner similar to that
indioatea in connection with claim 4.
Hew claim 7 presented herewith distinguishes from
I the references of record by specifying that the matrix has
| a projecting portion extending into the backing.
Hew claim 8 distinguishes from the references by
specifying that the backing is provided with a countersink
ana that the matrix has a projecting portion extending into
ana closely engaging the wall of the oountersink.
Further consideration and allowance are requested.
Bespeot fully submitted,
THOMAS A. F.DISOH |
*7
His Attorneys
[j Orange, B. J.
I October £.6' , 1917
Paper No..
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
V/B WASHINGTON - ...
Ed loon Offloa Bld«g.
Orarrfta. N. J.
PUase find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge ofihe application of
Thome. a A. Edison. Serial Ho.
MOLDS.
fox-
7r
si.
Commissioner of Paten
In reaponoe
to amendment filed Oot. 26, 191T;
Claims 1, 3, 7 and 8 are allowed.
The remaining olaime are finally rejected on the refer-
enoes aa of reoord.
,<r
▼ I
1
FOLIO 1049
Ur. Thomas A. Edison;
This application relates
for disc records whLoh we are now. using. Thep^ are now no claims on
the square-edged feature, the claims originally drawn to such feature
having been canceled in view of the dia^uosures in the patents on
which they were rejected.
The claims now in this application may be divided in two
groups. One of these groups of claims, namely, olaims 1, 2, 3, 7 and
8, relates to the means for securing together the central portions of
the matrix or printing mold and the backing or mold holder; and all
of the claims In this group have been allowed with the exception of
olaim 2, whioh has been finally rejected on patent Mo. 949,092 grant¬
ed January 5, 1904 to Petit. The other group of claims, namely,
claims 4, 5 and 6, relates to the provision of an annular ring for
securing together the matrix and the backing at their outer edge por¬
tions, and having the portions adjacent the edge of its face beveled
so as to permit the Insertion of a tool between the rings of two
molds arranged in opposed relation to separate such molds after the
printing of a record; and each of the claims in this group has been
finally rejected on patent Mo. 941,291 granted November 23, 1909 to
- V/ickes and assigned to the Victor Co.
In my opinion it is doubtful if olaims 2, 4, 6 and 6 are
patentable over the patents on- ■which they have been finally re¬
jected, and the chances of obtaining an allowance of these claims
in case an appeal were taken would be slight.
October 15, 1918
i .&h»t <. / ^X/vv
to the squars^edged printing mold
1
Lloreover, the square-edged mold shown In this applica¬
tion and which we are using, appears to infringe claims 4, 21 to
24, 37 to 43, 67 and 68 of the Wickes patent referred to above, and
so far as I know the claims of this patent are valid. Hr. Holden
is under the impression that a validity search was made on this
patent in 1911, hut I have been unable to find any report or
other papers relating to such a search. A copy of the Wickes
patent is attached hereto.
In view of the foregoing I would recommend that this
application be abandoned.
October 21, 1918
Ur. Thomas A. Edison:
Referring to the annexed memorandum. I
do not think you appreciated the fact that if we should get a
patent on the struoture disclosed in this application, a copy
of the patent would be received by the Victor Co. and they
would immediately see that we are infringing patent Eo. 941, 291
to Wiokes which is owned by the Victor Co. Therefore it would
seem to me unwise to take out a patent on our structure. And.
furthermore, if there is any way of avoiding the PateHt.lt
seems to me that it should be done. For this reason we
recommend that the present application be dropped.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1053 Internal Combustion Engines
Serial#: 134386
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas Alva, Jr
Date Filed: 12/1/1916
, Applicant.
Address.
Title _ _
Filed .
Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee.
Ass’g’t Exec.
...Recorded
Tfi:z^-trr.u
ACTIONS. jrw ^ l
^ 'I..,:-
■ 16 - - U/JZiU^ . - -
17 . . " . . . .
~ ' 18 . . . . .
19 _ _ _ — . . . . .
■ 20 . . . •■•:••: .
22. . . . .
23 "V
24 ..
9. .
10, . .
. 25 . '
\\ \ 'f£L .
. . . ......... 26 _ -
- -
12 . — . .
. 1..
. 27 .
. 28 . - .
13 .
29 . - .
'30 . . . . . .
DYER & HOLDEN,
ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
Petition.
Sn tlje (EommiBBianer of Jlatenta :
Hour petitioner djqmab A. EDISON. JR.
a ritt|rn of tltr Inttrb g’lutca. reaibing anb lining a float ©ffire abbreaa at
Burlington, In the County of Burlington imct State of Now Jersey,
praga that letters patent mag be granteb to Ijirn for tl?e improuementa in
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
set fnrtlj in tl;e annexeb aperifiratinn; anil lje Iferebg appoints iger $c ^olben
(Eegiatration No. 3244) a firm rompoaeb of Shrank E. Sger anb leloa ^olben,
mljnae abbreaa ia Ebiaon ©ffire Euilbing, ©range, Nem Ileraeg, ijia attornega,
uiitl) full pomer of substitution anil reooration, to proaerute tljia application, to
make alterationa anb amenbmenta therein, to rereine llje patent anb to transact
all buaineaa in tlje patent ©ffice connecteb tljeremitlj.
SPECIFICATION
TO ALL WHOM IT HAY CONCERN :-
BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, JR., a
citizen of the United States and a resident of Burlington,
in the County of Burlington and State of New Jersey, have
invented certain new and useful improvements in INTERNAL
COMBUSTION ENGINES, of which the following is a description
My invention relates to Internal combustion en¬
gines, and more particularly to an improved construction
and arrangement for controlling the fuel mixture supplied
to suoh an engine and the exhaust gases therefrom. The prin-
oipal objects of my invention are to obtain a better mixture
and combustion of the fuel supplied to an engine of this
type, to decrease the back pressure and the carbon deposits
in the combustion chambers of such an engine, and in general,
to render suoh an engine more efficient and economical in
operation.
In carrying out these objects, I preferably em¬
ploy an improved "manifold" of suoh construction that the
heat of the exhaust gases is made use of to heat the fuel
mixture being supplied to the engine, and to vaporize the
raw particles of fuel therein. The heat thus extracted
from the exhaust gases and the evaporation of the raw par-
j tides of fuel in the fuel mixture being supplied to the
engine will effect suoh a cooling of the exhaust gaees as
I to materially decrease the back pressure. The intake of the
"manifold" is preferably so oonstruoted as to offer but
little resistance to the passage of thp fuel mixture from thi
oarburetor to the engine, and to effeot an lnoreaae in the
velocity of the fuel mixture as it approaches the engine
to thereby effeot a deoreaee in the condenBation of the
fuel in Buoh mixture. X further preferably provide means
whereby the amount of air admixed with the fuel being sup¬
plied to the engine is automatically controlled by varia¬
tions in temperature, either of the exhaust gaseB or the
atmosphere, or of both the exhauBt gases and the atmosphere.
A further objeot of my invention is to provide
an improved arrangement for facilitating the starting of the
engine in oold weather.
hy invention also contemplates an improved arran¬
gement whereby the exhaust gases from the engine may be
utilized to actuate a signal, and an improved oarburetor
which 1b of simple oonstruotion and very efficient in op¬
eration. Other objectB and features of my j invention will
be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.
In order that my invention may be more clearly
understood, attention 1b directed to the drawings accompany¬
ing and forming a part of this specification, in viiioh like
parts are designated by the same reference characters, and
in whioh:-
ffigure 1 represents in side elevation an inter¬
nal combustion engine equipped with my invention, parte be¬
ing shown diagrammatioally and parte being omitted;
Figure 2 is an enlarged view in side elevation,
partly in Beotion, of my improved "manifold" and the parte
associated therewith, the engine being omitted;
-2-
Figure 3 1b a fragmental cross seotional view
taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is an enlarged oroeB sectional view,
purtly in elevation, taken on line 4-4 of Figure 2;
Figure 5 is a oroes sectional view taken on line
5-5 of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is an enlarged bottom plan view of the
thermostatic device for controlling the admixture of air
with the vaporized fuel in the intake, the cover of said
device being removed and parts being shown in seotion;
Figure 7 is an end elevation of the thermostatio
device shown in Figure 6;
Figure 8 is a transverse cross seotional view of
the exhaust chamber taken through the sparking device, parts
being shown in elevation; and
Figure 9 is a oross Beotional view, partly in
| elevation, of a modified form of sparking device.
Referring to the drawings, reference character 1
(Fig. 1) represents an Internal combustion engine of con¬
ventional type, having the usual crank case 2 and orank shafSI
3, A substantially reotangular and comparatively large ex¬
haust or expansion ohamber 4 is suitably secured to the cyl¬
inder heads of the engine as by means of bolts Or screw
threaded rods (not shown) which extend through suitable op¬
enings 5 therefor in the side walls of the ohamber 4. The
exhaust or expansion ohamber 4 is secured to the cylinder
heads in suoh a position that openings 6 in the side wall
thereof adjacent the cylinder heads oommunlcate with the
exhaust ports (not shown) of the engine cylinders. Owing
to the large size of the exhaust or expansion chamber 4,
-3-
the combustion chambers of the engine oylindore will be qui¬
ckly cleared of the exhaust gases whioh results in a de¬
crease in the deposit of carbon in the cylinders and lnauree
the preBenoe of a better and olonner mixture of fuel therein
for the succeeding explosion and consequently a better com¬
bustion thereof on the taking plaoa of such explosions.
Moreover, owing to the size of ohamber 4 and the faot that
the exhaust gases paBB into the same directly from the ex¬
haust ports of the engine, these gases on entering said
ohamber quickly expand and cool, which tends to effect a re¬
duction in the noise of the exhuusU the exhaust ohamber act¬
ing us a muffler, and also reeultB in a decrease in tho back
pressure and a consequent increase in the efficiency of the
engine. A pipe or conduit 7 is secured to one end of the
exhaust or expansion chamber 4 to conduct the exhaust ga3es
from the latter to the usual muffler (not shown), lieference
character 8 represents a signal adapted to be sounded by the
exhaust gases of the engine, whioh is preferably seoured to
the top wall of ohamber 4 adjacent the end thereof to which
the pipe 7 is connected. A double valve 9 is pivotally
mounted within the ohamber 4 on a horizontal axis by means
of a rod or pin 10 having one end extending from said cham¬
ber, The pivotal axiB of valve 9 1b bo located that when
the valve is moved in one direction it will cut off communi¬
cation between the chamber 4 and the signal 8, and the wx-
haust gases will be free to prbs from Baid ohamber to the
muffler through the pipe or conduit 7, and when moved in the
opposite direction it will out off communication between
pipe 7 and chamber 4 and establish communication between the
latter and the signal 8, in oonsequenoe of whioh the exhaust
gases will then pass through the signal and sound the same.
The valve is oontrolled by means of a orank 11 seoured to
the projecting end of the rod or pin 10. which orank may be
operated by means of suitable devices (not shown) from any
desired point. Buch as the seat of an automobile or other
vehicle on which the engine 1 may be mounted.
Reference character 12 (Fig. 1) represents a
suitable tank or reservoir for the liquid fuel, such as
gasolene, to be utilized in the engine. The fuel is convey¬
ed from the tank 12. as by means of a supply pipe 13, to
a carbureting device 14. where it is vaporized or oarburet-
ted and from whenoe it passes to the engine cylinders
through the intake 15. A short distance beyond its point
of communication with the oarbureting device 14. the intake
15, is preferably provided with a pair of branches 16 and 17
which extend upwardly in the form of a V for connection with
the inlet porta of the engine. As clearly shown in Figures 2
and 3, the exhaust or expansion chamber 4 and the intake
pipe 15 with its branches 16 and 17 are preferably oast in
one pieoe or otherwise integrally formed, and constitute
what may be termed a "manifold". The end portions of the
branches 16 and 17 of the intake 15 extend upwardly into
the exhaust or expansion chamber 4 and then rearwardly with
the outlets 18 thereof preferably flush with and formed in
the rear side wall of said chamber. The Intake pipe 15 and
its branches 16 and 17 are free from pooketB and abrupt
bends, and in consequence but little resistance is offered
thereby to the passage of the fuel mixture therethrough to
the engine cylinders. The branches 16 and 17 also prefer
-5-
ably deorease Blightly in crocs sectional area from the main
portion of the intake 15 towards the engine, aB clearly
shown in Fig. 2, which reeulte in an increase in the velooitj
of the fuel mixture as it approaches the engine, thereby min¬
imising the liability of condensation of any of the particlei
of fuel in said mixture on the walls of said branch pipes
16 and 17. Owing to the fact that the upper end portions of
branch pipes 16 and 17 are disposed within the exhaust cham¬
ber 4, heat is extracted from the exhaust gaseB in the lat¬
ter to heat the fuel mixture in pipeB 16 and 17 and to vap¬
orize any raw partloleB of fuel which may be present therein
before the Bald mixture reaches the oombustion ohambers of
the engine. The vaporization of such raw particles of fuel
within the branoh pipes 16 and 17 produces a low temperature
and effects further cooling of the exhaust gases in chamber
4 with a resultant decrease in back pressure and increase in
efficiency of the engine.
Reference character 19 represents a casing irtiioh
is preferably rectangular in shape and which is suitably
secured to the bottom wall of the expansion or exhaust cham¬
ber 4, as by moans of bolts (not shown) which extend through
openings 20 provided therefor in the top wall of said casing
and into the bottom wall of chamber 4. The bottom wall
21 of casing 19 constitutes a cover for the latter and is
preferhbly removably secured thereto as by means of screws
22 which extend through apertured lugs 23 formed on the
cover and are threaded into corresponding lugs 24 with which
the side walls of the oasing are provided. The end walls
of casing 19 are respectively provided with circular inlet
ports 25 and 26, having tapered valve seats, for the admlBsio »
-6-
Of air Into the oasing. The inlet ports 25 and 26 are re-
apeotively controlled by oiroular valvee 27 and 28 having
tapered perlpherlee adapted to tightly engage the tapered
valve seats of these ports. *>aoh of the valves 27 and 28
is mounted on the inner end of a threaded stem or rod 29,
which in turn is threaded through an opening in a bracket or
yoke 30 seoured to the corresponding end wall of the casting
19 as by means of screws 31. The outer end of each valve
stem or rod 29 is provided with a knurled head 32 to facili¬
tate the operation of opening and olosing the valveB 27 and
2B. A short shouldered conduit or hollow stem 33 is secured
within an opening therefor formed in the rear side wall of
oasting 19, preferably oloeoly adjacent the end wall provide l
with the inlet port 2C, as by means of nuts 34 threaded on
the inner end thereof. The stem 33 constitutes the outlet
of the casing 19 and its outer end is suitably connected to
one end of a pipe or conduit 35. the other end of the latter
being connected to the intake 15, preferably to the upper
side of the latter at the junction of branoh pipes 16 and
17, as clearly shown in figure 2. Reference character
36 represents a oontraotion and expansion unit constituting
a thermostat whioh is mounted within casing 19 to control
the outlet 33. The thermostat is preferably substantially
U-shaped and one end of one leg thereof is preferably se¬
cured to the inner end of stem 33 between the nuts 34 in
Isuoh a manner that the base of the thermostat is disposed in
the casing 19 adjaoent the left hand end wall having the in¬
let port 25, while the free end thereof or the end of the
other leg is Just in front of the opening through the holloi
stem or outlet 33. The free end of the expansion and con-
traction unit 36 hue secured thereto a cylindrical member
37 in alignment with the passageway through the Btem 33,
said member 37 having a tapered or oonlcal end 3B constitu¬
ting a valve. The inner end portion of the passageway
through stem 33 is flared or tapered to correspond with the
valve 38 and constitutes a valve seat 39 for the latter. It
will be evident that as the unit or thermostat 36 expands
and oontraots under changes of temperature, the valve 38
will be moved from and towards the valve seat 39 to control
the outlet from oasing 19. Reference oharactor 40 represent!
a rod which is threaded through the front side wull of cas¬
ing 19 in alignment with the stem or outlet 33 and member 37,
and thiB rod constitutes on adjustable stop for the free end
of the U-shaped contraction and expansion unit or thermostat
36, to limit the movement thereof and thereby of valve 38
away from the valve seat 39. The outer end of rod 40 is
provided with a knurled head 41 to facilitate its adjustment,
and may also be provided with a nut 42 to lock the samo in
adjusted position. It will be obvious that the casing 19
with the thermostat 36 therein constitutes a thermostatic
device which acts automatically to control the extent of the
opening of the passageway through stem 33 and thereby the
amount of air which is permitted to pass through pipe 35 to
the intake 15 for admixture with the vaporized fuel in the
latter being aonveyed to the engine. The thermostatic de¬
vice constitutes a part of the carbureting system and acta
no a fuel economiser. The hotter the engine, the more air
may be advantageously admixed with the vaporized fuel being
supplied to the engine by the carburetor, while the cooler
the engine, the less the amount of air which should bo ad¬
mixed with such fuel. The oasing 19 being eeoured direotly
-8-
to the expansion or exhaust chamber 4, it will be obvious
that the temperature in suoh casing, and accordingly the
expansion and contraction of the unit or thermostat 36
therein, will vary substantially in accordance with the
ohanges in temperature of the exhaust gases and of the engln* .
The expansion and contraction unit or thermostat 36 is so
urranged that when fully contracted it holds the valve 38
to its seat 39 and doses the outlet through stem 33, and
upon expansion, it opens the said valve 38. The amount of
air supplied through pipe 36 to the intake 15 depends, of
course, upon the vaouum in the intake 15 and the extent to
which valve 38 iB opened. In hot weather,,., the valve 27 is
preferably open and the valve 38 closed, so that the air
which is drawn into the intake 15 through pipe 35 will pass j
| through the casing 19 from the port 25 in the left hand end ,
| wall thereof, around the unit or thermostat 36, and out !
through the hollow stem 33, Accordingly, in hot weather the (
! thermostat 36 will, in addition to being affected by the I
| ohanges in temperature in the engine and the exhaust gases
therefrom, also be affected by :the ohanges in the temperature
of the atmosphere. In cold weather, however, the valve 27 |
is preferably closed and the valve 28 in the right hand end
wall of casing 19 is open, so that the air passing through
pipe 35 into the intake 15 will first pass through casing 19
from the port 26 in the right hand end wall of the casing. a
and out through the stem 33. As no part of the expansion \
and contraction unit or thermostat 36 is in the path of the \
air from the port 26 to the outlet 33, the thermostat 36 '
will be substantially unaffeoted by ohanges in the temperatuxe
of the atmosphere in cold weather and will be controlled
only by changes in temperature of the engine and the exhaust
gases therefrom.
-9-
It sometimes happens, eapeolally in oold weather
that upon attempting to atart the engine, a oonaiderahle
part of the fuel mixture in the Intake, oondenaeB before
reaching the combuation chambers of the engine, thus render¬
ing it very difficult to Ignite the mixture and Btart the
engine. Accordingly, 1 have provided an improved arrange¬
ment whereby the "manifold" may be readily and sufficiently
heated up to vaporize the raw particles of fuel in the in¬
take adjaoent the engine. In the arrangement for thiB pur¬
pose shown in Figure 1, 2 and 8, an electrical aparklng de¬
vice or plug 45 is secured in the front wall of the expan¬
sion or exhaust ohamber 4. This device comprises a contact
46 carried by a hollow cylindrical casing 47 threaded into
the front wall of ohamber 4, and a contact 48 slightly spac¬
ed from contact 46 and seoured to the inner end of a should¬
ered rod 49 which extends outwardly from the casing 47 and
is held therein by a threaded Bleeve or nut 50. The rod 49
is insulated from the casing 47 in any suitable manner. The
rod 49 and contact 48 are connected to one side of a battery
51 through a conductor 52, a switch 53, conductor 54, magnetc
55 and the conductor 56; and the contact 46 1b connected
to the other side of the battery 51 through the casing 47,
chamber 4, the engine frame, and the conductor 57. The
switch may be conveniently located for actuation, us for ex¬
ample, adjacent the seat of the automobile or other vehicle
in which the engine may be installed. The rod 49 is so ar¬
ranged and seoured within oaBing 47 that a Bpace 58 is pro¬
vided between the latter and the inner end portion of the ro<,
which space oommunloates with the interior of ohamber 4. A
pipe 59 is connected at one end of the oasing 47 so as to
-10-
communicate with the apace 58, and the other end of thiB
pipe is connected to a pump 60 which in turn ie connected
by a pipe 61 to the feed or supply pipe 13. Accordingly,
on operating pump 60, gasolene or other combustible fuel
will be supplied to the expansion or exhaust chamber 4
through the pipe 59 and will pass into the chamber from pipe
59 through the spaoe 58 and past the contacts 46 and 48.
Accordingly, on closing switch 53 and fuel thus supplied to
chamber 4 will be ignited at the contacts 46 and 48 and the
combustion thereof will heat chamber 4 and thereby intake
branches 16 and 17 to vaporize the raw particles of fuel in
said intake branches. Accordingly, the fuel mixture enter¬
ing the combustion ohambers of the engine will be substan¬
tially free from raw particles of fuel and the same mny be
readily ignited to thereby start the engine.
i In ffigure 9 I have shown a mechanical sparking
devioe or plug which may be utilized in place of the electri¬
cal sparking plug shown in J?igB. 1, 2 and 8. This devioe
consists of a cylindrical casing 47' adapted to be threaded
into an opening therefor in the front wall of ohamber 4. The
outer end of oasing 47 « is provided with a head 63 in which
a rod 64 is rotatably mounted, ^he inner end of rod 64 has
secured thereto a toothed wheel or ratchet 65, and the outer
end of -said rod has a crank 66 attaohed thereto whioh may be
operated by suitable means (not shown) from any desired
point, to turn rod 64 and thereby wheel 66. The pipe 59
through which the gasolene or other fuel is fed into the
oasing 47* and thenee to ohamber 4, is secured to said casing
adjaoent to toothed wheel 65. Reference oharaoter 67 re-
-11-
presents a pleoe of flint which is slidably mounted in the
Bide of casing 47' and in a hollow cylindrical member or
guide 68 threaded into the side of said casing. A spring
69 within the guide 68 bears at one end on the flint 67 and
maintains the same firmly but yieldingly in engagement with
the toothed wheel 65. A rod 70 threaded into the outer end
of guide 68 serves as means to adjust the spring 69 and
thereby the force with which flint 67 bears against wheel 65,
The outer end of rod 70 is provided with a Knurled head 71
to facilitate the adjustment thereof. It will be apparent
that rotary movement of rod 64 will cause relative movement
i of the wheel 65 and flint 67 to thereby produce sparks which
will effect the ignition of the fuel supplied to the casing
47' and chamber 4 through the pipe 59.
My improved oarburetor is best shown in Jigs. 2,
4 and 5. and comprises a substantially cylindrical hollow
casing 73 having a passageway 74 extending across the upper
middle portion thereof. The walls of casing 73. with the
exception of one end wall 75 thereof, and the walls of the
passageway 74 are preferably oast in one piece or otherwise
Integrally formed, Inference character 76 represents a
chamber in the lower part of casing 73 which also extends
into the upper part of said casing about the walls of pass¬
ageway 74. The gasolene or other liquid fuel to be vaporiz¬
ed or oarburetted, is fed into the ohamber 76 by the supply
pipe 13. An inlet port 77 for the fuel supplied to ohamber
76 by pipe 13. is formed on the inner side of wall 74 and
is controlled by a valve 78 slidably mounted for movement re
lative to said port in a suitable bearing 79 mounted on the
-12-
inner aide of wall 74. A float 80 ie pivotally mounted
within tho ohamber 76 and upon the wall 74 at 81 und ia pro¬
vided with an arm 82 whioh engages between a pair of collars
83 an the stem of the valve 78, and note to automatically
control the latter to constantly maintain the liquid fuel at
level a. The end portions of passageway 74 are preferably
cylindrical and extend beyond the end walls of casing 73,
the left hand cylindrical end portion 83 being open and
forming an air inlet to the oarburetor, and the right hand
cylindrical end portion 84 thereof forming an outlet for the
vaporized or carburetted fuel and being suitably oonneoted
to tho intake 15. The walls of the passageway 74 interme¬
diate tho end portions 83 and 84 ure bo formed aa to provide
the passageway with a substantially V-ahaped portion, the
bottom or apex of whioh 1b located substantially midway be¬
tween the end walls of oaslng 73, as clearly shown in Figure
3. The bottom wall of the apex or base of the V-shapod
portion of passageway 74 1b preferably thickened and provide l
with a small opening or passageway 85 whereby communication
is established between the chamber 76 and the passageway 74.
The bottom wall of the V-sbaped portion of the pussageway 74
extends slightly below the level a at whioh tho fuel is main¬
tained in ohamber 76 whereby, when tho passageway 88 is open
a small quantity of fuel will always be maintained in the
bottom of said V-shaped portion of passageway 74. A needle
valve 86 for controlling the opening 85 is threaded through
the upper wall of the V-shaped portion of passageway 74 and
a lug 87 formed on the exterior of said wall. The outer end
of said valve is provided with a knurled head 88 to facili¬
tate its adjustment. I-ug 87 is provided with a horizcntal
slot 100, extending slightly more than halfway therethrough,
and with a vertioal slot 101, running into one end of slot
100, whereby the lug is formed with a resilient portion 87'.
-13-
A screw 103 extends looaely through the reallient portion 87»
of the lug and la threaded into the rigid portion thereof,
whereby upon tightening aaid aorew the reailient portion 87'
will be foroed againat needle valve 86 to Iodic the latter
in adjuated poaition. The end wall 75 of oaaing 73 ia uper-
tured to fit Bnugly over the oylindrloal inlet portion 83
of the paaaageway 74, and ia remov ably held in place againal
a aeat 89 therefor provided on oaaing 73 by meana of a nut
90 threaded on aaid oylindrloal inlet portion 83. A valve
91 ia aultably mounted within the oylindrloal outlet portion
84, aa by meana of a rod 95 vertically and rotatably mounted
in aultable bearinga in the walla of aaid portion 84. One
end of rod 95 extenda above the outlet portion 84 and haa a
crank 96 Beoured thereto whidh may be aotuated by suitable
connections (not shown) from any desired point to control
the valve 94 and thereby the outlet 84. The orank 96 ia
I provided with an arm or tail 97 having a Borew 98 threaded
through the end thereof. The aorew 98 constitutes an ad¬
justable atop and oo-operatea with a lug 99, formed on the
exterior of outlet portion 84, to limit the closing movement
of valve 91. The paaaageway 74 ia gradually contracted both
from the inlet 83 and the outlet 84 towards the base or apex
j of the V- shaped portion thereof, the point of greatest oon-
] traotion being at the apex of aaid V-ahaped portion. ThiB
| oontraotion la effected by forming the top and bottom walla
and the aide walls respectively of the arms of aaid V-shaped
portion 80 that they converge aa they approach the apex of
of the latter. The aide walla of aaid V-ahaped portion are
also inolined downwardly towards each other, aa dearly
-14
shown in Pig. 4. while the top and bottom walls are ourved
both longitudinally and transversely of the passageway 74,
as shown in i"lgures 4 and 5. The construction and peculiar
shape of the Y-shaped portion of passageway 74 effects an
increase in the velocity of the air as it passes the base
or apex of said portion, and also causes the air in passing
from inlet 83 to outlet 84 to first move downwardly and im¬
pinge with great force on the small amount of fuel maintain¬
ed in the base of said V-shaped portion to thereby thoroughlj
break up and vaporize or carburet the same and to then pass
upwardly with a decreasing velocity from said base or apex
of the V-shaped portion to the outlet 84.
I find the simple oarburetor above described to
be very efficient and economical in operation. Moreover, it
has few parts to get out of order and is readily adjustable.
It is to be understood that various changes in
the size, shape and arrangement of the apparatus above de¬
scribed may be made without any departure from the spirit
of my invention and the eoope of the appended olaims.
Having now deeoribed my invention, what I claim
and desire to protect by letters Patent is as follows:-
(?-• c I?'-1'
U 1. In combination, an internal combustion
engine, means for supping said engine with vaporized fuel
and means nf or automatioallyN^urying the amount of air ad¬
mixed with said fuel in aocor^oe with changes in tempera¬
ture, substantially as describe d\
°2. In combination, an iW'nal combustion en¬
gine. a carbureting device, a conduit lading from said de-
-15-
ok.
vioe to Biiid engine, r»nd means for automatically varying the
amount of air admixed with said fuel in auid conduit in ac¬
cordance with changes in \temperoture, substantially ns de¬
scribed.
^3. In combination, an internal combustion en¬
gine, an exhaust chamber for\ said engine, means for supply,
ing a combustible fluid to said ohamber, and means for effect¬
ing the combustion of suoh fluid in said ohamber to thereby
heat the fuel supplied to the dpgine, substantially aB de¬
scribed.
^4. In combination, tin internal combustion en¬
gine, an exhaust ohamber for Bnid\engine, and a conduit for
supplying gaBeouB fuel to said engine and leading
latter through said exhaust chamber^ substantially aB des¬
cribed.
5. In combination, an internal oombustion «
glne, means for supplying vaporized fuel thereto, and means
controlled by the heat of the exhaust from said engine for
automatically controlling the admixture if air with said
vaporized fuel, substantially aB desoribe\l.
6. In combination, an internal combustion en¬
gine, a ourbureting device, and a conduit fir convoying
porized fuel from said device to the engine, \sald conduit
decreasing in oroBs sectional area from the carbureting de-
vloe towards the engine, substantially as described.
^7. In combination, an Internal combustion en¬
gine, and a comparatively large exhauBt ohamber \oomraunioatind
. , s3--' 'v!.vv
directly with the exhaust pory of the engine, substantially
as described.
°a. In combination A an internal combustion
gine, an exhaust ohamber there foe?, and weans for extracting
heat from the exhaust gases in said chamber and utilising
same in heating and vaporising fuel conveyed to the en¬
gine, substantially as described,
J9. In combination, anUnternal combustion en¬
gine, a oarbureting device thereforVand a conduit substan¬
tially free from bendB and pockets leading from said devioe
to the engine to convey vaporized fu!|l to the latter, sub¬
stantially as described.
10. In combination, an i
gine, a oarbureting devioe tyierefor,
lornnl combustion en-
conduit substan¬
tially free fromlbonds and^ pockets j leading from Buid devioe
to the engine to oonvoy vaporized fuel tb the latter, the
said conduit gradually decreasing in cross sectional area
towards the engine to thereby offset an iAcroase in the vel¬
ocity of said fuel as it approaches the engine, substantial^
as described.
|p-. 11. In combination, an internal oombustion ei
gine, an exhaust ohamber therefor, a signal kdapted to be
operated by the exhaust gases of said engine tend communicat¬
ing directly with said ohamber, and means for Controlling
communication between Bald ohamber and Bald signal, substan¬
tially as described.
i| j
^12. In combination, an internal oodbustion en¬
gine, an exhaUBt ohamber therefor having an outlet, a signal
-17-
<C_ .. 5 b- 3 KnCN^\x
adapted to be operated by the exhaust gaeee from the engine,
and means operable to establish bommunication between said f/
chamber and the outlet thereof aAd to out off oommunioation
between said ohamber and said sijhal, and vide versa, sub¬
stantially as described. 1
X13. In combination, In internal oombustion en¬
gine, an exhaust chamber therefor 1 means for intro ductings
combustible fluid into said ohambet, and means operable from
without said ohamber for effecting! the oombustion of the
fluid within the ohamber, substantially as described.
X14. In oombtnation.'an internal oombustion en¬
gine, an exhaust ohamber therefor, k oonduit for supplying
fuel to the engine and passing throdgh said chamber, means
for introducing a combustible fluid Unto said ohamber, and
means for effecting the oombustion olf the fluid within the
ohamber, substantially as described. I
4.4 1
TLB. In combination, an internal oombuBtion en¬
gine having an exhaust ohamber oommunkoatingtherewlth, a
spark plug connected to said ohamber, land means for introdu¬
cing a oombUBtible fluid into said chiLnber through said
spark plug, substantially as described.
16. In combination, an internal oombustion en¬
gine having an exhaust ohamber oonneotld therewith, a spark
plug applied to said ohamber, and mean! for introducing a
oombustible fluid into Bald ohamber through said spark plug
and past the oontaots thereof, substantially as desoribed.
''■'17. In combination, an Internal oombustion en¬
gine having an exhaust ohamber oonnooted therewith, a spark-
-18-
ing devioe applied to Bald bhitaber and operable from with-
out the latter, and means for Introducing a combustible
fluid into said ohamber throug^ said sparking devioe, sub¬
stantially as described.
■9- \
°18. In combination, \ an internal combustion en
gine having an exhaust ohamber connected therewith, a spark¬
ing devioe applied to said chamber, and means for introduc¬
ing a combustible fluid into said\ohamber at a point in prox]
imity to said sparking devioe, substantially us described.
19, In. combination, aA internal oombustion
gine, means for conveying a fluid &el thereto, and means
controlled by variations in temperature for controlling the
admixture of air with such fuel, substantially as described.
20. In combination, an internal combustion en¬
gine, means for conveying fluid fuel thereto, and means com¬
prising a thermostat for controlling «ie admixture of air
with such fuel, substantially as described.
21. In combination, an inteVnal oombustion en¬
gine having an exhaust ohamber connected therewith, means fo f
conveying fuel to the engine, and means bomprising a thermo¬
static device applied to said ohamber foA controlling the
admixture of air with said fuel, substantially as described.
0g2. In combination, an internsk combustion en¬
gine. means for supplying fuel thereto, ank a thermostatic
devioe for controlling the admixture of aid with said fuel,
said devioe having means whereby the air admixed with said
fuel is first caused to pass around the the^iostat thereof,
-19-
substantially as described.
J'Xl
"Sa. In combination, an internal combustion en¬
gine means for supplying fuel thereto, and a thermostatic
device for controlling the admixture of air with said fuel,
said devioe having meano whereby the air admixed with said
fuel may be caused to first pass around the thermostat therej
of ox not, as desired, substantially ao desoribod.
/x^. ' m combination, an internal oombustion en¬
gine. means for supplying fuel thereto, and a thermostatic
devioe for controlling the admixture of air with suid fuel,
said devioe having means whereby the air may bo admixed with
said fuel without affeoting the thermostat thereof, substan¬
tially as described.
A thermostatic devioe for controlling the
admixture of air with a supply of vaporised fuel, comprising)
a chamber having an outlet port and an inlet port for the ai
a thermostat within said ohamber. and a valve for one of sulji
ports controllable by said thermostat, substantially as de¬
scribed.
‘f-r
a thermo statio devioe for controlling the
admixture of air with a supply of vaporized fuel, comprising
a ohamber having an outlet port and an inlet port for the
air. a thermostat within said ohamber, and a valve for one
of said ports controllable by said thermostat, said ports
being so arranged that the air in passing therebetween will
paBB around' the thermostat, substantially as desoribed.
//$'
A thermoatatio devioe for controlling the
admixture of air with a supply of vaporized fuel, comprising .
a ohamber having an outlet port and an inlet port for the
air, a thermostat within said Chamber, and a valve for one
of said portB controlled by said thermostat, said ports
being so arranged that the air in passing therebetween will
not substantially affeot Baid tliermoBtat, substantially as
desoribed.
js'2a A thermoBtatio device for controlling the
admixture of air with vaporized fuel, comprising a chamber -
having an outlet port and a pair of inlet ports, a thermo- ,
atat within said chamber, a valve for Bald outlet port con¬
trolled by said thermostat, one of said inlet ports being bo
arranged that the air in passing therefrom to the outlet
port will not substantially affeot the thermostat, and the
other of said inlet ports being so arranged that the air in
passing therefrom to the outlet port will pass around the
thermostat, and means whereby either of said inlet ports may
be opened or olOBed, substantially as desoribed. _
f 29. A oarburetoV comprising a ohamber, means for
maintaining liquid fuel at a Substantially constant level
in said chamber, and a passagewW for conducting air paBt f.
the liquid fuel in said ohamber a^d above said level, a por¬
tion of said paesageway being deflected downwardly and having
communication with said ohamber, substantially as desoribed.
30. A oarburetor comprising a ohamber, means fo:
maintaining liquid fuel at a substantial^ constant level
in said ohamber, a passageway for oonduotfta air past the
liquid fuel in said ohamber and above Bald I^vel, a portion
-21-
of said passageway being \deflected downwardly and having
oommunioation with said ohamber, and adjustable means for
controlling the communication between said chamber and pass-
ageway, substantially as described.
^31. A oarburetoAoomprising a ohamber, means
for maintaining liquid fuel at\a substantially constant
level in said ohamber. and a passageway for oonduotlng air
past the liquid fuel in said chamber and above said level,
a portion of said passageway belngy deflected downwardly and
having oommunioation with said chamber below said level,
substantially as described. \ ^ . ! - ~J")
*32. A oarburetor oomprlsXng a ohamber for li¬
quid fuel and a passageway for conducting air past and over
the fuel in said chamber, said passagewtor being provided
with a oontraoted portion having aommuniXation with said
ohamber, substantially as described. \
^33. a oarburetor comprising aVhamber fir liquid
fuel, means for maintaining the fuel in bbI A chamber at a
substantially constant level, and a passagewf& for conduct¬
ing air paBt said fuel and above said level, sXid passageway
being provided with a oontraoted portion havingX oommunioatior
with said ohamber below Baid level, substantially as desorib-
34. A oarburetor comprising a ohamberun which
liquid fuel is adapted to be maintained at a predetermined
level, a gas oonduotlng passageway disposed above saM level
and provided with a substantially V-Bhaped portion th^ apex
-22-
of which has communication with ^aid ohamher , substantially
aa described.
ipiriBing a ohamber for li-
oarburotor
quid fuel, meana for maintaining liquid fuel in said ohamber
at a aubatantially conBtant level, land a gaB conducting
passageway above aaid level provided with a oontraoted sub¬
stantially V-Bhaped portion, the apex of whloh has communi¬
cation with said ohamber, substantially as described.
J'&. \
'■36. A oarburetor comprising a chamber for li¬
quid fuel, means for maintaining liquid fuel in said ohamber
at a aubatantially constant level, and a gas oonduoting
passageway above said level provided With a contracted sub¬
stantially V-shaped portion, the apex <^f which has communi¬
cation with said ohamber below said leu
described. .
b1, substantially as
&■
l chamber in which
carburetor comprising
liquid fuel is adapted to be maintained ^t a predetermined
level, a gas conducting passageway disposed above said level
and provided with a substantially V-shaped portion, the apex
of which has communication with said ohamber, and adjustable
means for controlling communication between said ohamber and
passageway, substantially aB described. \
JL \
38. A Carburetor comprising a chamber in whioh
liquid fuel is adapted to be maintained at a\ predetermined
level, a gaB oonduoting passageway disposed above aaid level
and provided with a substantially V-shaped portion, the apex
Sliia agrrifirattnu aignrb anb uitturaarb tliia
buy iif
191
(iatlj.
g>tntr nf Nrut 3prary ) ^
(County nf Eiuu'x )
, tljr about nmnrb
prtitinutr, bring buly autnrn, brpuara anVaaya flmV lyfia inritigru nf Hit Initrb
g>tatps, anb a rpatbtnt nf Bwllnstont Durllnp;ton County, Hew Jersey
tliat br urrily brlirura IjluiHrlf tn bp tbr original, firat attb anlt inuptttnr nf %
imprnupmrnta itt
IIICTRHAL COI.IBUSTXOH BUG I1IT. S
bparriltpb aub rlaitnpb in thr atutrxrb aprrifiration; tlfat l;r bora nnt lmnin anb
bnpa nut bpltpup that tlie aauip utaa putr bitmuit nr uatb bpfnrp l|ia iuupntinn nr
biarnurry tljprrnf ; nr patputrb nr brarribrb in any printrb puhliration in U;r
lluitrb Statpa nf Atnrrira nr any fnrriyn rnuntry bpfnrp Ijta inuptttinn nr
biarnurry tlirrrnf, nr utnrr tlian turn yrara prior tn tliia appUrutinu ; nr patrntrb
in any rnuntry fnrriyn tn thr lluitrb g>tatra nn an uppliratinn ftlrb utnrp than
tuirlur innutlia prior tn tliia appliration; nr in publir ubp nr nn aalr in tl;r
Itnitrb s!>tatra fnr utnrp tljan turn yrara prinr tn tlfia appliratinn; anb tljat nn
appliratinu fnr patpnt upuu anib inurntinu Ijaa brrn filrb by ijim nr Ifia Iryal
rpprparntatinpa nr aaaiyna in any fnrriyn rnuntry:
g’uuirn tn anb aubarribrb brfnrr uip tliia bay nf 191
l&ral]
Notary publir.
2—200
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON -Feb.-lSr-lSl-?-, -
— -Byer-&~iHol4a«v .
E-i-tacm-0f-f-ioa-B-14g„->--0Siinge, -
. ----a."-*----
Please find belou, a communication from the EXAM! HER in charge of the application of
■~Ifite-2>n&l~Go»b&at-ien~Engifie*.
Commissioner of Patents, a
This case has been exam Ined.
Claims 1, 3, 5, 19 to 23 oovar a thermostat loally
controlled apparatus for preparing a combustible gas. Such
devices are independent of uee with any of the alleged inven- V.
tions oovared by the other claims. In the office classification,^
they are classified in olass_3Sl-gg; see
Lund., 1,017^673, Fab. 13, ISIS
Barnard, l,bftCBBffTT5I? 13, 1913
Byrnes, 1 ,lW»788, July 4, 1916
(381-39).
Claims 3, 4, 6 to 10 and 13 to 18 relate to the manifold
of an Internal oombustlon engine.
Claims 11 and 13 cover a signal, the use of which is not
dependent onthe preeenoe therein of the subject-matter of the
other claims; see
hot, i.ijaCeesTip*- 50- 191a.
01.,.. >9 to 40 oartu.ot.. ♦*» - — *“* “»
internal oombuetlon engine.
I.r th. roanon abot. lnOtoat.d, olnl» to -ora than on.
all.g.d In, ent Ion. «»».. « pm.„ontod ,» on. «.P„o-
tlon.
-3- (Edison, Jr., 134,386).
All of the olalms are therefore rejected for "misjoinder
of invention".
Furthermore, oertain of the claims are anticipated as
below indioated. y r^'
Claims 1, 3, 6 and 19 to 33 are anticipated by
Byrnes, above olted.
Olalms 3, 4 and 13 to 18 are anticipated by
Good, 1,3 d$78B v7"*De o . 13. 1916.
Claims 7 and 8 are anticipated by
Hl*|igton, l.dte^wpiov. 31, 1916
Merrege. I.I^Tt^Tnov. 16, 1915
(351-345)
Claims 9 and 10 laok foundation, since applicant's apparatus
is not "substantially free from bends and turns". Furthermore,
the said claims are indefinite, sinoe the expression quoted does
not define any speolfio structure. Claim 9 is anticipated by
Sykora, 1 , offo737l7~June 9, 1914 (133-53)
Olalms 11 and 13 are anticipated by Gray, above olted.
Claims 39 t/ 40 are met by
Kingston, 1.13M81, Mar. 9, 1915 (361 - ).
It is noted that a oomplete searoh as to the novelty of the
olalms has not been given; ^ f the objeot of such searoh as has
been made being to show the independence of various alleged
inventions covered by the olalms.
, , , nA % l9~23'
<&L /’/ e/z »
C{# ■
G4 2. 9-^-6 ■
Examiner.
IH THE UHITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
IMTERHAIi COUBTJS5IOH EH GIBES
Boom Ho. 60
Filed December 1, 1916
Serial Ho. 134,386
EOHORABIE COMMISSI ONES OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe action of
February 16, 1917, please amend the above entitled oaso as
follows
Cano el claims 1 to 22 inolusive and 29 to 40
inclusive.
Renumber claimB 23 to 28 inolusive as 1 to 6
inolusive respectively.
REMARKS
In view of the rejection of all the olaims on
the ground of "misjoinder of invention", olaims 3, 4, 6 to
18 and 29 to 40 have been canceled. The right is reserved
to file a divisional application or applications on the sub
jeot matter of these olaims.
I Present claim 1, original claim 23, which the
Examiner held to be anticipated by Byrnes, is believed to
clearly and patentably distinguish from this reference by
specifying that the thermostatio device has means whereby
the air admixed with the fuel may be oauBed to first paBB
around the thermostat thereof or not, as desired. Aifc .
allowance of this olaim is accordingly requested.
Action on the merits of the remaining claims is
respectfully requested.
Respectfully submitted,
IHOUAS A. EDI SOU , JR.
By
His Attorneys
Orange , 1! . J .
October /tf’T, 1917
WH-JS
2—2(50
ATj>
Paper lTo..._^ —
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . .
. . Dyjax..A..Hol.daJU.
. E£UaQn..omQB._m.d&.-*-QMnseJ.-
Plcase find "below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.. —
Internal Combustion Engines.
Commissions- of Patent).
Casa oonsldarod as amended Oot. 18, 1317.
Claims 3 and 4 are anticipated by Barnard, of reoordj
and are rejected.
legal department
January 8, 1918
Mr. Thomas A. Edison, Jr.,
Hotel BrlBtol,
129 West 48th Street,
New York, H. Y.
Bear Mr. Edison:-
In compliance Itt the r.,«e.t contained “
of the 4th lnet.. I » *«“ °” “TO 01 “ °P'
plication paper. o» year «*» >“’• “* ““ “°PI °*
„ report of th. infringement ..arch »nd. °»
"Manifold", together nlth other pap.™ '"!»»»* thereto. •
You .til recall that the thermostat we oor.r.c In the
"manifold" appllo.tlon. and that It .«e dootd.d. 1» vie* »* ~
referenoo. cited hy the Eramin.r and of th. change, -hlch yen
mad. in the "ncnlfold". to attempt to eeonr. only claim, on the
th.rmo.tct in thie application. the cne.tlon of filing a dlr-
applloaticn cr appll.atlcn. « to he decided at a futnr.
data. « the present time. thl. 1. th. only application relating
„ th. id... mentioned in year letter .hi.h ha. teen mod hy thl,
office. this application »c contain, only sir claim, all r.lat-
l„g to th. ther.oet.tl. derlce. of "hich claim. 1. 2. » »"« 6 =*“”
aliened and claim. 3 snd 4 arc nnd.r rejection on patent 1.032.58E
to Barnard.
Trusting that this is the information you desire. X am
Sincerely yours,
.Registered
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 058 Concrete Structures
Serial#: 143017
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/16/1917
Serial No .
, Folio No |..fc.SS .
Applicant. Address.
.
C--V v t L>wvi^
. k, . .
.NPvVN . Examiner’s Room No. r[Q
^ _
M Assignee .
h . Ass’g’t Exec. . Recorded . Liber Page .
Patent No. . . . Issued .
ACTIONS.
fbtttum
0n tljc ffiommiaaiuner nf $atentB:
$our ipetitioner sigmas a. EDI ROM
a ritifrn nf tlje United »tntea. reaiding and Ijaoing a float ©ffire addreaa at
Llewellyn Pari:, West Orange, Esse:: County, Mew Jersey,
praga tljat letters patent may be granted tn Ijirn fnr tlje tmprnnementa in
act fnrtlj in tlje annexed aprrifiratinn; and Ije hereby appninta Iyer $t gulden
(fiegiatratinn No. 3244) a firm rnmpnaed nf Itfranb Si. flyer and Belna Sjolden,
mlpiae addreaa ia Edison ©ffire Suilding, ©range, Nem 3eraey, Ijia attorneya,
mitlj full pnmer nf aubatitution and rennratinn, tn prnaerute tljia appliratinn, tn
make alterationa and amendntenta tljerein, tn rereiue tlje patent and tn tranaart
all buBineaa in tlje patent ©ffire rnnnerted tljeremitlj.
S £ E C I F I C A T I 0 H
TO ALL WHOM XT HAY OOBOEP1I :
BE IT KHOWB that I, THOMAS A. ED IS OH, a citinen
of the United States, and a resident of Llewellyn Park, Wesi
Orange , Essex County, now jersey, have invented oertain now
and useful improvements in C Oil CRETE STRUCTURES, of which the
following is a desoription:-
This application is a division of my pending ap¬
plication Serial Ho. 448,293, filed August 13, 1908 and
entitled Process of Constructing Concrete Buildings.
My invention relates to concrete structures, and
more particularly to an improve_d_building which is adapted
to he constructed of a cement mixture hy a^inRle. molding
operation, all its parts, including sides, roofs, partitions,
floorsT'hath tubs, etc. being formed of an integral mass of
a cement mixture. This invention is applicable to build¬
ings of any sort, but I contemplate its use particularly for
dwellings in which the stairs, mantels, ornamental ceilings
and other interior decorations and fixtures may all be
formed in the same molding operation and integral with the
house itself. The house thus made is practioally indes¬
tructible and is perfectly sanitary. The cost of its con¬
traction is low and it is feasible to beautify such a hous{
far beyond anything now possible in so cheap a manner.
in the production of auoh a building, I first
preferably construct a complete double wall house, which
forms a mold for the reception of the cement mixture. Thif
mold is preferably constructed of cast iron sections remov-
1
ably connected together In any suitable manner, as by means
of bolts, dowels, etc., and adapted when the house is con¬
structed and the cement mixture is hardened, to be taken to
-pieces and removed and used repeatedly for the construction
of an indefinite number of such houses. When the mold has
j been constructed and erected, I connect a number of distrib-
uting pipos therewith, which are preferably, arranged at
regular intervals at the top of the mold, the said pipes
being connected to a common source of supply, which may oon-
veniently consist of a vertical riser having a funnel-shaped
opening for the reception of the cement mixture.
A Portland cement mixture especially adapted for
this work is prepared adjacent to the moia ana is preferably
• continuously raised, by moans such as hereinafter described,
to the top of the mold and poured into the riser thereon,
whence it flows around the top of the moia and is' distrib¬
uted evenly throughout the same. The rate of pouring the
j cement mixture into the mold is preferably so regulated.
1' with respect to the hard-setting time of the cement mixture,
that the lower sections of the cement mixture in the mold
will have hardened before the level of the liquid cement
mixture above has risen very greatly, so that only a short
column of the cement mixture will act to create hydraulic
pressure upon the mold. Because of this, a much lighter
and cheaper form of mold ma^emp^oyed, th^jg^the^
The rate of pouring the
a time as possible, to save expense, but if the mixture is
poured too rapidly, the molds need to be very heavy to with-
Btand tho hydraulic pressure of the liquid cement mixture.
Tho best process of molding is therefore determined by a
I consideration of the hardening time of the cement mixture,
which should be quick, the rate of pouring this cement mix¬
ture, and the strength of the mold used, the pouring being
at such a rate as compared with tho hard-setting time of the
cement mixture that only a short column of cement mixture
will act to oreate hydraulic pressure upon the molds, and
this will not be too groat for the strength of the molds
used.
Other objects and features of my invention will
be hereinafter more fully described and olaimed.
In order that the invention may be better under¬
stood, attention is directed to the accompanying drawings,
forming part of this speoification, and in which:
figure 1 represents a vortical cross seotion on
line A-A of figure 2, and shows an erectod mold, all the
movable sections connected together, in which the pouring of
I the cement mixture has progressed up to a pbint about midway
of the second story of the house, the cement mixture at the
I bottom having hardened and being liquid at the top;
figure 2 represents a plan view of the mold, show¬
ing the vertical riser ana the distributing troughs;
figure 3 is a vertical oross seotion and figure
4 is a side elevation of several of the mold Bootions , show¬
ing the preferred method of spacing and connecting the same;
3
Figures 5 and 6 are details showing the appearance
of the walls of the house aftor the molds and holts have heer
removed, in Figure 5, and in Figure 6 after the holt holes
have boon filled} and
Figure 7 is a side elevation partly in seotion
showing the method of mixing oonorete and elevating the .same
to the top of the mold and pouring the same therein.
The same referonoe oharaoters are used throughout
the various figures to refer to corresponding parts.
X preferably use for the molding operation a cement
mixture formed of crushed stone, quartz or similar materials
having partioles varying from 1/4 to l/2 inch in diameter,
say five parts; ordinary sand, say three parts; and Port¬
land oement, say one part; although these proportions may
he considerably varied. Enough water is used to foim an
emulsion having suffiolent fluidity to flow readily to all
parts of the mold. During the setting of the mixture the
water enters into chemical combination in the usual way, and
if any surplus water is present it will appoar as a mere
dampness, wliioh quickly dries out. In order to prevent
settling of the crushed material during the molding opera- \
tion and before setting commences and the resulting objeo- \
tionablo segregation of the ingredients, I find that by add- ;
ing a comparatively small amount of fine clay to the mixture,
say twenty percent of the oement used, the tendency to sett¬
ling is greatly diminished, while at the same time the amount
of water used is sufficient to give a high degree of fluidity .
to the emulsion and permit very suocesBful molding. \
As shown in Figure 7, the oonorete is mixed in
mixers 1 and 2. The mixture is poured out of either mixer
into a tank 3, where it is tested. If it is found to ho a
oorreot mixture, it is allowed to flow into agitator tank 4;
otherwise it is poured on the ground. Agitator 6 is con¬
stantly rotated hy means of shafts 6 and 7, oarrying inter-
meshing gears 8 and 9, shaft 7 being rotated from a souroe
of power. The well mixed concrete in tank 4 is elevated
hy means of buckets 10 of an endless bucket conveyor 11 to
the top of the mold, where it is poured through funnel 18
into the vortical riser 13 of the mold. The oonveyor is
guarded by a shield 14,
Referring particularly to Figures 1, 3 and 4, •
the mold is preferably made of sections in the form of
castings, as 15, 15, having flanges 16, 16. These castings
I are formed with bosses 17, 17, from which radiate ribs 18.
The mold walls are held together and spaoed apart such a
distance as to form a wall of the requisite thiclcness in the
space 19 between them by means of bolts 20, carrying wooden
waBhers 21 on the inside of the mold walls and oonorete aloe
22 between the washers. The bolts may be drawn up tightly
and secured by nuts 23 on the ^taeide-) of the bosses. The
mold sections are held together by means of the bolts 24
extending through the horizontal flanges carrying nuts 25
and by boltB 26 through the vertical flanges, bolts 26 oar¬
rying nuts 27. The mold sections .are preferably arranged
in Btaggered relation, as shown in Figure 4. To guard
against the trapping of air and consequent imperfection of
the molded cement mixture when the structure 1b finished,
1 provide at various points in the mold where air is liable
Vos
5
i to trap, as for example, in tho floors and partitions and
| wherever the mixture has to flow through tortuous channels,
a number of air vonts 28 whioh will allow the escape of
the air hut will prevent the escape of the mixture. One
way in whioh I may construct such air vents consists in
making flanged openings in tho mold sections, whioh are
closed by an outor screen, preferably of coarse wire mesh,
29, and by an innor lining of filter^oloth , 30. These
vents, as shown, are formed with flange's 31.
A
While a house of the character described may be
i made of cement mixture alone, a muoh bettor and stronger
house may be made if the structure is reinforced with prop¬
erly formed metal reinforoing rods. Suoh rods if used
may be seoured to tho mold in any way that will offer prop¬
er support to the rods during the molding process and will
not prevent the removal of the mold seotlons after the
| house is completed. In the drawings, reinforcing rods 32,
33 ana 34 are shown fastened together at the points where
they cross each other hy wires 36 wrapped a few times around
them. These rods carry sleeves 36 formed of the cement
mixture used in tho construction of the house, which support
the i*o d s against the contiguous surface of the mold. The
house shown in the drawing has a cellar, two stories and a
i roof. The cement mixture, whioh is preferably poured oon^
tinuously into vertical riser 13, flows therefrom" through
troughs or pipes 37 and 38, whence it is distributed evenly
through the various parts of the mold, thus preventing se-
Igregation of tho components of the mixture. The pouring is
\preferahly continued until the whole mold, forming tho com¬
plete house, is filled to the highest point and the mixture
has risen part way up into riser 13. The pouring operation
is preferably conduotod continuously, and preferably very
rapidly, bo that, for example, in a house forty feet high,
tlio whole of the mixture will be poured in three or four
hours. In such a case, if the mixture in the vertical sec¬
tions of the mold remained entirely liquid during the entire
period of pouring tho same, the iron mold seotions would he
subjected to hydraulic pressure of several thousand pounds
per square foot, which would require that these sections
would have to be made very heavy to stand the pressure and
not to bo distorted thereby. By my method of pouring,
however, and by using a rapidly hardening cement, ground
very fine, tho bottom of the column of the oomont mixturo
formed between the vertical mold walls for, say, two or
three feet, is hardened sufficiently to prevent it from
flowing or exerting hydraulio pressure on tho adjacent mold
seotions when tho oolumn has risen to tho first story, or
say, ton foot. In the example given, the mold sections,
of course, would have to be made of greater strength than
that nooessary to -withstand the pressure of a oolumn of
liquid concrete seven or eight feet high.
After tho mixturo has stood for a sufficient
length of time for perfeot hardening, the mold seotions are
removed by unscrewing the various nuts 23, 26 and 27, etc.,
and removing the bolts and also washers 21. Conorete
sleeves 22, which serve to^spaoe the mold walls apart the
proper distance, having become merged in tho integral struc¬
ture of the wall of tho building, the holes left by the
removal of the bolts 20 and washers 21 are filled by the
insertion of a suffioient quantity of oement mixture. The
^ house or structure thus formed in one operation may be of
any oonvenient ornamental design, and may be tinted or col¬
ored in the most artistic manner.
7
Having now described my invention, what I claim
II and desire, to protect by Letters patent is as follows
»+.® ■hniinn1 (molded in a single
1, An. integral'lfonoreto house1 (molded in
o^iratiori), ''sui)atantially as described
A oonorete st-rho-ture (oast ip
a single oper-
ationjf a homogeneoua^rnixtura of cement (and reinforced by
metal rods carrying 8upportins\Bleeve8 of cement mixture,
substantially as described.
3. A monolithic builVing formed of an integral
mass of concrete free from" seams Wch as are produced when
like structures are,foW by ponding the concrete mixture
intermittentl^^bstantlally as described.
-4-1 A building comprising vertioa'ljjide walls
and a. roof formed, of an integral homWenoous ,mass of oon-
IcretSe'f^U'lns such as are produced when like struc¬
tures are formed by pouring the concrete mixture intermitt¬
ently^ substantially as described.
% A building comprising a Ux-sided apartment
and formed^' '^?i^egrai>88 of ooncreVe £ree from seams
such as are produced when like structure^are formed by
| pouring the concrete mixture intermittent^), substantially
described.
a building comprising a plurality of Bix-
| sided apartments, one above the other, and formed of an
of concrete^- from seams su\h as are pro¬
duced when like structures are formed by pouAng the con¬
crete mixture intermittently), substantially a<\ described,
OATH
STATE OP NEW JERSEY )
: SS.:
COUNTY OP ESSEX )
THOMAS A. EDISON, the above named petitioner, whoBe
application for Letters Patent for process of Constructing
Concrete Buildings, Serial No. 448,293, was filed in the
United States patent Offioe on or about August 13, 1908, and
of which this application is a division, being duly sworn,
deposes and says that he is a oitizen of the United States,
and a resident of Llewellyn Park, West Orange, in the County
of Essex and State of Hew Jersey; that he verily believes
himself to bo the original, first and sole inventor of the
improvements in CONCRETE STRUCTURES described and claimed
in the annexed speoifioation; that he does not know and
does not believe that the same was ever known or used before
his invention or discovery thereof or patented or described
in any printed publication in the United States of Amerioa
or any foreign oountry before his invention or disoovery
thereof or more than two years prior to August 15, 1908, or
patented in any oountry foreign to the United States on an
application filed more than twelve months prior to August
13, 1908; or in public use or on sale in the United States
for more than two years prior to August 13, 1908; and that
no application for patent upon said invention has been filed
by him or his legal representatives or assigns in any for¬
eign oountry.
CL *
Subscribed and Bworn to before me
this | day 191?.
NOTARY PUBLIC, STATE OF l!E\Y JERSEY
commission Expires July, 2, 1917
-70
Dlv. Hoom.
2-200 Paper No _ 2— ( F.e j )
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Apr-11 ft, 1017,
-Uy^T---und~Nolden,
APR 5 1917
- Edison-OCilce-Eldfl^.,..
_ Or-iinge.,— 11.JU
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
_ Tft'T'irf' 1 Trtianri' j/llA?)017) f j 1 tl d iT an . 18 , 1,917 j _ — - _
— Concrete— Struo.tuxeiL. - - - - — i_ -
j M A I L E D |
CommiiBimar of Patents. O
Pig. 7, lino 1, page 0, should he Pig- 6.
^ine 9 from, tho bottom, page 5, "inside”, it Ies thought
should ho outside.
■The following rofproncon sire,- cited: . ~
Votaw, 872*393, Jlec. 5, 1907; 72-9 X;
Howe, 863jl8l , t^E&ugf 13 , 1907; 72-9;
Winslow.,. . 77^117, POct.ll,. 190/1; 72-9;.
and Lawrence 2B8^072, v'*"OV . 6, 1883; 72-15.
states
Applicant WKH.S in claims 1 and 2 that the house is
molded in. a single operation, when no new structure whatever is
set forth in these claims. It is obvious, therefore, that the
applicant
O&sumcttft depends for his alleged novelty, not upon the structure,
but upon the steps of molding rooited.
A claim which attempts tho defining of the structure by
the method 'of making it is informal and it iB therefore objected
to. i
Applicant; .already had received p patent No. 1,219,272, for
the steps or molding: .concrete and cannot receive anothor patent
for the same, .thing under , the guise of structure. It is utterly I «v'f| ,.
immaterial -*h«A claims of structure are considered, whether the A
house be molded. in a single operation or a number thereof. J
^143,017—2
nti top of this devlot
base
molded by pouring, it, in thought tho txxx. 1 ikewiss
Claims 3, 4, 5 and 6 depend altogether on the freedom
from soams of tho building to define a patentable difference
over the art. Such distinction at best in a negutive one al¬
together and the 4aims arc therefore objected to.
Claims 1 to 6 define nothing patentable ac far as structure
is concerned, over Ltuvrenne , and they are rejected uccordingly.
Applicant is not the first to mold structures of ono integral
piece, molded in substantially a single operation. Such ox-
pedient is old in Hov/e where an artidl'e of manufacture is form- \
ed of oonorete, all tho parts thereof, such as a base, wallB,
shelving and the equivalent o'- the roof are integrally formed.
' In Votaw a cistern is molded with the base, sides and toy
all integral. If the sides and top of th is device are integrally
i could be i ourod
1 mold.
Since it is old to cast riKXKX structures of very complicated
deeign, such as tanks, locomotive cylinders which consist of
partitions, vertical walls, tops, oto., with numerous poured ou^
steam
parts for riHS&j and exhaust, oto., all in a single pouring or opera¬
tion, it io considered there would bo nothing patentable whatever
in usin" the same steps in casting such plastic us concrete or
similar composition. The problems are very much the same. There
must be provided numerous vents for the gases in oast metal, the
head or pressure of metal must bo taken care of by pouring very
olowly so that the base part will hurden some-hat while the upper
purt is still being poured.
Claims 1 to 6 are further rejected upon Lawrence in view of
the b ta te of the art in concrete as ohown in the other references,. .
and in view of what is old and well known in easting of metal.
^his easting of metal is not necessarily a non-ahalogous art. It
#143,-17—3
i.8 very analogous throughout. Halted '■ metal f.lo7/B when ready
Tor mold inc and bo does concrete , ' and both oet.or harden.
Cl a imo 7 and e relate wholly to a oomtositinn of mattor
in the recitation of clay of a certain proportion mixed with
the oonorete.
It is .recorded ao immaterinl bo fur an structure is con¬
cerned whether the Lawrence structure contain clay or not in
the oomont thereof.
Thene claims are accordingly rejected upon LawSence .
It is believed the patentable subject matter hnn boon
fully exhausted by the patent ullpwed to the process.
Examiner Liv. 33.
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
* - - * eoncrete wSdliS formed °r * homogenoras
1 mass of cement mixture, euld moaa beinEAin a state of sub
Istsntlally uniform cohesion throughout and being "infer...
bs metal red. carrying supporting °' °““t
substantially as described.
%. A comprising vertical side walla
and a roof formed of an integral homogeneous mass of con- |
orete , said mass being^in a state of substantially uniform
cohesion throughout, s^stantiany^^^
4. '''Shipbuilding comprising a sir-sided ^wtoe^
and., formed of an'i^^BS of concrete,, said mass being,
| in a state of substantial^**^™ oohosion throughout.
j substantially as described.
comprising a plurality of six-
elded apartment e,'oiie^phoro^t1lgo1'llor’ “* 1<T?L° ■
integral homogeneous mas. 'of, ..aSj^c. eld —• »*“* “
. steto of substantially uniform ophoajhm^throughout, sub-
I stantially as described, j- _ J - - - -
Henumber claims V and B aB
Add the followiflif'clairas :
_ Add une <1^1 Jfl - - -
8. A Portland cWmt mixture containing clay,
substantially as described. \
9 A Portland cement\ixture containing clay in
the proportion of substantially tu\y percent of the .mount
Of cement, substantially as desoribed\-
H E M A H K S
In view of the transfer of the drawings from appli¬
cant's application Serial Ho. 143,018 to the present appli¬
cation, the change indicated in the first paragraph of the
Office action is believed to be unnecessary.
Hone of the claims as now presented define the
structure by the method of making it. Each of claims 1 to
5 inclusive covers a building or house in positive and def¬
inite terms of structure.
Applicant has evolved a new method which is claimed
in his patent Ho. 1,219,872 and alBo q. new building or house
whioh is produced by sucih method. There are decisions to
the effect that one who first discovers a new method is
entitled to claims for the method and, providing the product
resulting from such method is new, he is also entitled to
claims for the product if such product can be distinguished
from former known products. In this connection, attention
is directed to General Bakelite Co. vs. Mikolas, 225 S’. 539.
Hone of the references discloses a concrete house
or building forraod of an integral homogeneous mass of cement
mixture or concrete, which mass is in a state of substantially
uniform cohesion throughout, as specified in claims 1 to 5.
The walls of the concrete building disclosed by patent Ho.
288,072 to Lawrence are molded in thd usual way by ramming
the liquid oonorete into a mold section around the skeleton
I frame of the building, allowing the mixture to set and harden
in said section, and then raising the section and again ramm¬
ing the oonorete mixture into the same and on top of the oon-
orete whioh has set or hardened; this operation being re¬
peated until the walls are completed. The house obtained
by this process is inferior to applicant's house, as there
will be seams between those sections of the walls molded at
different times, which seams tend to weaken the structure
and to allow moisture and frost to penetrate the same.
The patent to Howe does not anticipate any of
claims 1 to 5, as it fails to disolose whether or not the
catch basics disclosed therein is formed of a seamless mass
of concrete. Howe does not describe the catch basin as
made in a single molding operation and of a homogeneous mass
of conorete, nor does he specify that the concrete mass is
in a state of uniform cohesion. The patent to Votaw fails
to anticipate any of claims 1 to 5 inclusive for similar
reasons. Moreover, the base of Votaw' s cistern is not
molded at the same time as the sides, and it is not apparent
how it could be. The specification of this patent describes
the bottom of the cistern as made before or after the forma¬
tion of the other parts.
Claims 6 and 7, former claims 7 and 8, respective¬
ly describe a concrete building formed of a novel cement
mixture. It is submitted that it is not immaterial whether
a structure such as disclosed by Lawrence contains olay or
not in the cement thereof. The use of the cement mixture
specified in these claims in place of the cement mixture
used in Lawrence's structure results in a superior product,
namely, a building or house of concrete whioh is substantial¬
ly homogeneous throughout and in whioh there is substantially
no segregation of the ingredients. In such a case, the
substitution of one material for another has frequently been
I I hold to constitute invention. In this connection, attention
is directed to Eureka Blotter Bath Co. vs. Nicholas et al.,
157 jp. 556; National 'i'ooth Crown Co. vs. McDonald, 117 F ,
617.
New claims 8 and 9 presented herewith are drawn
to applicant's improved cement mixture. These claims are
believed to he allowable and are thought necessary in order
to adequately protect applicant in his invention.
Applicant cannot agree with the Examiner that the
patentable subject matter has been completely exhausted by
the patent granted oovering the process. By the process
covered in the patent referred to, upxjlicant iB enabled to
obtain a building of concrete wliioh is superior to and dif¬
ferent in its structure from any of the buildings or struc¬
tures disclosed by the references. Furthermore, the claims
drawn to the building definitely, set forth features which
distinguish from the disclosures of the prior art, and these
claims should accordingly bo allowed.
In view of the above, further consideration and
allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON
I April 2nd, 1918
WH
CMK/Ho.
'Paper No. .£...(£«
l Os ^
date of filing*, title of 1
UNITED STMiTEg’fATENT OFFICE
May. 18...1918.
Edison Off lot Bid's.
[uXPMtN' UFFlC.
MAY 181^3
Please find, below a communication, from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thomas A, SdiBon. tor Conorote Structures, filed Jan, 18 t _
1917, 3er. Mo. 103,017.
Commissioner of Patents.
Amended April 3, 1918.
The olaiinB are drawn to separate and distinct inventions
as follows;
Claims 1-6 are drawn to one alleged invention.
Claims 6-9 are drawn to another alleged invention, a oom-
pOBltion of matter, independent altogether from the building
structure and classified in Div. 6, olaes 106. Division is
therefore required between claims 105 and olalms 6-9* Further
notion on the merits will he had when the requirement for '
/
; diviBion has been complied with.
Xhe referenooa cited show compositions of matter ln which
olay enters as an element of the oompoeition.
Examiner, Div. 33.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Room Ho. 70
Filed January 18, 1917
Serial Ho. 145,017
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe action of
May IB, 1918, please amend the above entitled case as
follows
Cancel claims fr'to 9 inoluBive.
REMARKS
The requirement for division haB been complied
with by canoeling claims 6 to 9 inclusive. The right is
reserved to file a divisional application on the subject
! matter of the oanoeled olaims.
An action on the merits is requested.
Respectfully submitted ,
THOMAS A. EDISON
Orange, H. J. By
January -2 <2 , 1919
WH
His Attorneys
2-200
CMR/Mo.
DEPARTMENT. OF- THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT
WASHINGTON _
Dyes & Holden
Edison Office Bia'g,
Orange, H. J.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
#146,017, Thomas A, Edison, Oonorete Struotures, Jen. 18, 1917,
CommiMioner of Patents.
Amended Jan. 23, 1019*
Claims 1, 3. 4 and 5 are again rebooted npon the references
and reasons ,of reoord, os set forth in the Offioe letter of Jani^_.
ary 18. 1917’.' The terms "of an intogral- hbrndgeheohs' mass" ana
''state.ofsubstantially uniform cohesion" are but the natural
oottdltlon of a well made ana well placed oonorete of rather thin
initial consistency. The fact that the oonorete mixture isrendered
considerably more fluid by admixture of other substances, relates
to the oompoBitlon altogether. It is considered, after -the ocnoret#
is placed, it has no unusual character istios, end even If it had
the struoture of the house, it would be no different. It woula be
the coasrete per so that was different. f -
Claim S is rejected upon laurenoe in view of Iyon, 718,009,
Jan. 6, 1903; 72-122. In lyon it is old to provide sleeves of
metal to spaoe. reinforce rods from the moldB. To use such spacers
in iAurenee would not he invention. The ohoioe of oonorete as a
spacer rather than metal is net invention hut expediency.
’"'OeiVCD.By •
IM THE UNITED STATES PA TEST OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Filed January 18, 1917
Sarlal Mo. 143,017
Room Mo. 70
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
in responss to the Offloe action of
March 3, 1919, plaass amend the above entitled, case, as
follows:
/
Pago 2, cancel the sontenoe In lines 26 to 28
as amended April 3, 1918 and substitute therefor the
following sentence; It Is also very desirable that
the flow of cement mixture Into the mold should not be
Intermittent, as an Intermittent pouring tendB to pro¬
duce seams, whereas when the mixture Is poured continu¬
ously the concrete mass, after It sets and hardens, will
be In a state of substantially uniform ooheslon through¬
out, or, in other words, will be of substantially uniform
tensile strength throughout because of the absence of any
seams. - ,
Claim 1, llVio 1, after "house" Insert ■
Ing a plurality of superposed apartments and - .
Insert the following as claim 2:
comprls-
2. An Integral concrete house comprising a
plurality of apartments and formed of a homogeneous mass
of cement mixture, said mass be Lng In a state of substan¬
tially uniform cohesion throughout, substantially as de¬
scribed.
Renumber ^alm. 2 presented In the amendment of
April 3, 1918 as claim 3. /
In line 1 of claim 3, presented In the amendment
of April 3, 1918, cancel "building" and Insert - house - .
Renumber thLs clalpi as olalra 4.
Cancer olalras 4 and 5 presented In the amendment
of April 3, 1918.
EEUABIS
April 3, 1918 1
Because the claims presented In the amendment of ^ j
were rejected "upon the references and reasons of record"
It Is assumed that the Examiner Is adhering to his original j
position that, because applicant has received a patent Mo.
1,219,272 for the steps of molding conoreto, he cannot re¬
ceive another patent for the same thing under the guise of
structure. For thlB reason and because of the character of
the references on which the Examiner Is relying. It seemB
desirable to oonsLder the questions Involved here broadly.
In order that the Examiner may fully understand applicant's
point of view.
Applicant's first conception obviously must have
2
j
been tho homogeneous oonorete house or building es now de- j
fined In the claims. This was an entirely novel conoep- j
tlon because no one before hire, so far as the record shows,
I
had ever conceived of a monolithic house without seams or j
joints. Tho speclfio references cited by the Examiner will ]
bo discussed hereinafter to substantiate this statement.
After the conception of tho article applicant went further j
and conoelved a novel process for making that article, ;
and that process has now been patented, as the Examiner has j
pointed out. |
This application Is before the Office only because ;
the Offloe took the position In the application which re¬
sulted in patent no. 1,219,272, that the proooBs and
article were different Inventions. Whem, therefore, the
Examiner assorts that the grant of the patent for the !
process bars a patent for the article, it would appear that j
he Is In substance, at least, reversing the original hold¬
ing of the Office.
The references cited by the Examiner can be j
grouped Into two classes. The first are such patents as
those to Lawrence and Votaw in which a building or what for |
the purpose of argument, may be admitted to be the equivalent*
of a building, is made up In the manner which has already
been passed on In substance by the Board of Examiners- In-
Chlef as not constituting an anticipation of applicant's
Invention. In the prosecution of the application which
resulted in patent Bo. 1,219,272, the Examiner In charge of
that application cited references In which a building was
formed In successive stages In which a lower section waB
3
harden, and
first Ira tit up In molds and allowed to set or
then an upper section plaoed on this lower section by
moving the molds upward. The Examiners- in-chlef In their
deolslon distinguished between applicant's structure In
which each Increment of the concrete mixture has another
Increment added to It before the first Increment has had
tlmo to sot, and structures In which the first Increments
are permitted to harden before subsequent Increments are
added. The deolslon of the Examine rs-ln-0 hie f should be
taken as the law of this application, and the Examiner
should not now taka the position that structures, suoh as
Lawrence and votaw, which those patents say plainly are j
to be made a portion at a time, are the same as appll- j
cant's structure In which there Is no division line any- j
where between successive additions of the mixture.
It la probably unnecessary to restate the reasons |
for the distinction between these two classes of structures
which controlled the Examiners- In-Chlef In their deolslon.
Sight must not be lost, however, of the fact that where a
portion of concrete Is permitted to set and harden before
another portion Is added to It, a Joint or opening Is always
possible which, particularly In a house, would be highly
objectionable, nor that, whore the bulld'lng Is formed as
applicant raake3 It, the possibility of suoh joints Is
removed.
The second class of roferenoas which the Ex*
amlner has cited are those of which the patent to Howe Is
an example. With this group should probably be Included
the general statements which the Examiner has made as to
4
the analogy between casting cement artloles ana casting
metal articles, and the known methods employed In the lat¬
ter. The claims In this application, particularly as now
revised, define applicant's article specifically as a house
or building. Applicant throughout has never had anything
in mind except the production of a habitable structure fit
for the occupation of human beings both In Its size and
| «ozm. Such a building If It Is to have any utility for
| more than soma Inconsequential purpose?, must be provided
' wLth floors and a roof, and usually with a number of apart- j
ments, either side by side or superimposed, or both.
Applicant's real -invention Is not anticipated by !
the mere suggestion that some concrete structures can be
molded as a homogeneous mass. The fact Is that the single ;
reference cited by the Examiner as bearing on this point,
viz., the patent to Howe, does not describe In any way how
he proposes to form hln oatoh basin. for purposes of
argument, however. It may be assumed that there have been |
i articles molded of cement or the like In the same manner
| that metals are oast. Until, however, the Examiner can ]
a reference showing such an article with the shape |
necessary to produce a habitable house. It Is believed j
that the Examiner's position has no foundation In fact, j
even from his own point of view, which apparently Is that :
the size or character of the article to be, produced Is Im- ;
material. The projections shown In Howe are by no means |
the equivalent o£ vertical or horizontal partitions because, ,
while It is conceivable that a collapsible core could be
it con¬
form^ to cast such a projection In Howe, It Is
oelvable that a complete horizontal or vertical partition j
dividing the chamber of Howe's structure, could be formed. j
E0r is the "roof" of Howe of the character that would
function as the roof of a house. Howe provides a large
opening which he proposed covering by a cover of an entirely
different material from that of the oatch basin. The
Examiner Is Invited to consider the difficulties of monu-
! factoring Howe's article If the top thereof were to be
j formed Integral with the side walls; In other words, so
i that there would be no large opening through which a core
' could be removed.
It Is believed, however, that the Examiner Is
looking at this Invention In a spirit which Is too narrow.
Applicant's contribution Is to the art of building struc-
| tures and not to the making of small articles of various
j kinds for all sorts of purposes. He has conceived a
structure which Is novel and a process by which that
structure can be made. Every reference which the Exam¬
iner has cited from building structures or anything ap¬
proaching them, has defects which are not found in the
structure covered by the present claims. Vague dis¬
closures, such as that of Howe or broad suggestions that
small articles are cast In metal, are surely not sufficient
grounds for the rejection of applicant's bold conception
that a house or building large enough for human habitation
could be formed as a homogeneous monolith with all of the
defects of previous suggestions along this line removed.
It is believed that If the Examiner considers the present
6
claims from a broad standpoint, and particularly In the
I light of the decisions of the Examiners- In-Chlef In pass-
I mg on applicant's companion cases, he will see that the
claims now presented are clearly allowable.
It is believed that the Examiner has misappre¬
hended the meaning of "In a state of substantially uniform
cohesion throughout" In the claims. This language as
| defined In the specification, Is Intended to apply to the
entire masB which constitutes the house or build Lng, and
distinguishes from such structures as Lawrence and Votaw
in which there necessarily are seams or joints between the
I several sections of the cement where a first section has
been permitted to harden before a second section Is epplled
thereto. In other words, in the prior art there was al¬
ways. at some point In a wall, a line of division; In
applicant's structure, there Is nowhere such a line of
division’. It Is believed that the words used aptly de¬
scribe this characteristic of applicant's structure. The
Examiner Is correct In saying that this phrase applies to
the natural condition of a well-made and well-placed
concrete. But no one before applicant has perceived the
advantage of carrying this condition throughout the entire
structure or has produced suoh a structure.
in view of the above, further oonslderatlon and
allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. T5DIS0K
Orange, K. J.
Rebruary^*^, 1920.
[DMAS A.
3y X2l. t&L —
^ His Attorneys.
WH-KS
UMD/W. ciias of the oppllcac
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIOE
WACUIMPTHM “Or. 19. 19E0.
Amended Peb.26, 1920.
She claims ore again rejected upon the reasons of reoord.
It ie the opinion of the Offioe that the patent to the prooeee
fully exhausts the novelty in' this ease. There ia nothing left on,
whioh' to base a patent on structure. Such procedure of granting
a patent to structure would result in double patenting. The foot
that a miBtake was n»de in one' division doe b not neoesBarily mean
that other divisions must perpetuate that mistake by allowing a
patent to natter whioh should have been olained in the original or
parent oase. '
Ho reason is seen for reoeding from the stand token as to
the portinSnoy of the rbierenoes. if aiiy JUfferenie ftxists be¬
tween applicant* s oonhiruotion and that of the references, it all
depends^pon the partioular owthod of molding or pouring/the
house, whioh is covered by the patent Bo. 1 ^219. £72. of whioh this
is a division, '
Since in issue his been ‘reaohedY aotion is herewith made final
and appealabib. Tliis rejection applied to claims 1. 3 and 4 and to
new olaim £ as well.
Aot*g. Examiner, Div. 33.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 059 Storage Battery
U.S. Patent#: 1266780
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/16/1917
J)/A$HAM OF Comit/ms,
/Mattc/T <2, W&.
roee Full Length of Battery-
m
'f-Heatms Tube ri'pA yZd-^'Tome..
Steel Tubing Lined with Au/ndum Cement.
ffesisrAr/ce Ghl Then Drawn in mo
Tube Tilled With Ce/heNT 'T/ohmS.
m
7fkL/IY and ■
| Bell To Show
CHANGES or
Thermostat.
ATTtree%/A
... kV*f
qlL
LVi, (\cunS- t.
CX 4JleKnXvr\
\r^cJT«A SW^ I
-
i- i .1/... .. Mk,^U l* rtr\ 1
Sincerely yours J
i:
Ur. Thomas A. Edison.
Orange, Hew Jersey.
”e“ Slr;- di. Lw.-X*. « "*1 I
Inclosed you will please find a sketch ahd disciptionnor a |
Battery Hester to he used in conjunction with your type of
nickel-iron storage battery. &£*(» /
The idea being to warm the electrolyte/ of. the cells in order
to overcome thier sluggish operation during cold weather or in
cold climates. The device takes its current direct from the
battery and iff properly constructed should not in any manner
interfere with the proper operation of the battery.
Patent procedings have been started: < and I trust you will
giye this matter your attention and advise me accordingly.
The following is an effioent and eeonimical method of keeping
the electrolyte of storage hattries at t^e maximum efficenoy during
cold weather.
It consists esstensively of a length of iron wire A. (see sketch)
which is immerssed in the electroyte of each cell composing the battery,
ana is insolated from ajoining plates by means of a rubber or asbestoes
sheet B. Bach cell has one of these heaters and all are connected in
series.
A thermometer C. is inserted in one of the cells composing the
battery, this thermometer has two oontaots tapped at 1. and 2. and is
connected in suoh a manner that a contact is made when the mercury in
the thermometer reaches a oertian height; this closes the circuit bet¬
ween one of the cells and the tripping coil of a circuit breaker.
The 'operation is thus;- The closing of the circuit breaker comp¬
letes the circuit between the battery and the heating elements therein.
The temperature of the electrolyte of each cell is raised until the
thermometer in the pilbttcell indicates a maximum allowable temperature.
The circuit is then automatically opened.
Richard G. Whipple
[ON BACK OF PREVIOUS DOCUMENT]
CCf^CP-C]
rr. ..diBon. ^W iM-^l ^owah^^
Referring to your notations on ’the attaoWed letter of
\j±jJL(L £Ls lUjS*-v*'t?-M'aJ C^' kx.ttX.cJL »<A
Id to you, ]
Richard G. Whipple addressed
i patent application has
been filed by us on .our starter battery. Moreover, ttie..q-usstioi
. •OAa-* So-uu t- l(i*uv> — Cl 'U»-A* J- (tf-eJie.vJiZJL Ly
of filing an1 application on such a flattery lias never been eub- I
f\V^e, 2)0 &=' %. I
mitted to this department. Mr. Jr./A. Bachman stateajthau in, - ?— ■*£■
February, 1916, Mr. Ac^erCsi^Li^ed‘<|:o |ork'p^th| development of ^
i battery, in which thg principlipof heating the air inran,
\WJlX*jC \JU*S%~V2*4 L U-O l e*-c.*.-,**># v
such £
air spaoe provided betw'een"the battery ^ray and cells was em¬
ployed in order to maintaftyffli^ electrolyte at a suitable tem¬
perature. Mr. Hutchison) Mso states taat. Mr.* Walter Holland «<■ - Y
[<MLJU £ A-i~ tor Cc*_«J~v~jfc <*,ww
some time in 1911 or 1912, also constructed st staijti^
wherein the air in a spkoe* ‘freliwe e»5fe e battery trdy and cells
was heated. Both Mr. Bachman ^nd Mr. /Hutchison state that they
, , «r^4,pCo -J Os¬
hava no Knowledge of a starter battery devej^ped by us wherein
the electrolyte was heated directly. MrSruuHman also advises
me that the starter battery on which Aokp«F,'tfas been working has
never been very satisfactory, and has nSV55 been developed to
such a point as to warrant the filing of an application for
patent thereon.
r
WH-JS
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 081 Production of Molded Articles
U.S. Patent#: 1353152
Primary Applicant: Dinwiddie, William W
Date Executed: 8/1 5/1917
August 8, 1917.
i s or" <v<
( > *-
Mr. Edison:
Do you v.ish the application' of Mr. Dinwiddle relating
to the wash fluid for molds consisting of a solution of ohloride of
tin assigned to Dew Jersey Patent Co. qs usual?
o .you desire to see this application before it is filed?
v/h/ju
•iF
-j&f
JU- *£»,'
,\ I / l : J ,Ui-r* '• /) lJL.\
' vTM^/OxJ/V Cj i
«| :. jAlctC^v < t»A> . |<nrpc v
Ucr/^Wi c _ CJ-t^y? <rt-«
c /Rt iy/u/i~
*-« rr-t-Jrb <-Vf
U^ETjC c d^O. V-V *T<W
•<e^ -^/v • ^ ^i- i '^»*"^c
. ■:(*&(' >m a./ . . ^(14-o-f: » 0&*" f^\
i '■&&&£*-*. \uM^A:% ‘^•^A
■ ':bc&£.:. cf >/. £&**&&% ?A.
et-^e _ -«•/- /'/?<*-&*■(
^*rJe£P'£<Z . .
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1104 Transmitter
U.S. Patent#: 1425183
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 10/23/1918
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1107 Internal Combustion Engines
Serial #: 262922
Primary Applicant: Knierim, William H
Date Executed: 11/15/1918
£-■
Folio No. AYSQ
Applicant.
Title g*- „ C, w ^Lj— 1
Address.
.
. . . .
FilecL\\J!5^/^.^A^iL^^^ .
Examiner’s Room No. ..1.05. .
Acc.E
Ass’g’t Exec . Recorded
. Liber . Page .
i kv-
Patent No .
ACTIONS.
1 . 16 _
o.CUuL^LlJ GJxa^L /f. tf&o 17 _
uaagSdsJhia^^ 18 _
5 .
6 _
7 .
8
9 .
10
11 .
12
13
14
15
. 21 „
22 ..
23
... 24
. 25
. 26
... 27 .
. 28 ..
29
30 _
"v
nIF
. £>X^
■Mi HOLDEN,
ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
(pefifton
®a tl;e fflommiaaioner of ^tlatcnts :
1|our petitioner WILLIAM H. kNIERIil,
a citizen of % Slnitcb ^iatee, reading anb Ijabiug a $oat Office abbreaa at Mo. 4231
Park Avenue, Hew York, Bronx County, Mew York,
praga tljat fetters patent may be grantcb to (pm for tl|c improbementa in
IHTEBNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
act forth «« «ie annexeb apecification; anb fjc hereby appointa ;®eloa JHoIben (jKegiatration
£fo- 5752) biljoae abbrcaa ia ^biaon ^bminiatration Jlnilbing, ©range, Jfcbi curacy, his
attorneg, fuitlj full pofucr of aubatitution anb rebocation, to proaccute tlpa application, to
make alteration anb amenbmenta therein, to rccciOc tip patent anb to tranaact all buaineaa
in the patent Office connecteb t(|ereEii{it[.
1.9
SPEC IFICAIIOH
20 All WHOM 12 MAY CONCERN
BE 12 KNOWN that I, WILLIAM H. KNIERIM, a oitiaen
of the United States ana a resident of the City of New York,
County of Bronx and State of New York, have invented cer¬
tain new and useful improvements in INTERNAL COMBUSTION
ENGINES, of which the following is a desoription:-
My invention relates to internal combustion'
engines and more particularly to an improved arrangement
and means for effecting the starting of such engines.
In starting internal combustion engines, espec¬
ially those used for driving automobiles, it is the usual
praotioe to turn over the engine either manually or by means
of an eleotrio or other motor, thus operating the engine as
a pump to suok or draw air through the intake manifold and
carburetor and effect the operation of the latter. With
the majority of carburetors now on the market, however, it
is necessary, in order to effect proper operation thereof,
or in other words, to produce thereby a combustible mixture
having such proportions of air and fuel as to operate the
engine when ignited therein, to suok a comparatively large
amount of air through the carburetor very rapidly. In order
to accomplish this result, it is necessary to turn over the
engine at a comparatively high speed which requires a heavy,
powerful motor and also a heavy, powerful battery, in case
Ian eleotric motor is employed, or the expenditure of a
large amount of manual exertion where the engine is turned
over by hand. When the engine is turned over at a compar¬
atively slow speed, air is not sucked at a sufficient rate
through the carburetor to cause the latter to produce a
mixture sufficiently rioh in fuel to operate the engine;
r/ in other words, the air will not be properly carbureted.
This is especially true in cold weather.
The principal object of my invention is to render
it possible to readily effect the starting of the internal
oombustion engine when the same is turned over at a very
slow rate, much slower than is necessary under the present
practice, which results in a decided decrease in the power
necessary to be applied in starting and therefore renders
it possible to use a starting mechanism motor and batteries,
where an eleotrio motor is used, of lesB weight, size and
power than heretofore, or in the case of starting manually,
a reduction in the physical exertion required in turning
over the engine.
My invention also resides in the provision of an
improved and simple construction and arrangement for ob¬
taining the foregoing object.
More specifically described, my invention consists
in supplying liquid fuel in the form of a fine spray at a
point as near as practicable to the inlet or inlets of
the engine, preferably by means of an atomizing device
having an atomizer head located in the intake manifold and
2
direotly in the path of the air drawn in by the engine, so
that as the engine is turned over to effeot the starting
thereof, this spray will be drawn into the engine together
with air from the manifold to produce a rich mixture capable
of starting the engine when ignited. The operation of the
atomizing device is preferably direotly controlled by the
means employed in turning over the engine, so that the fuel
spray will be supplied as soon as the engine is turned over
and the engine will quickly start to run, after which the
combustible mixture will be supplied by the regular carbur¬
etor. In some instances, however, as for example when it
is deBired to apply my invention to automobiles already
equipped with a starting motor, the spraying device may be
operated manually, as by means of a hand pump.
Ab the engine is turned over slowly to effeot
the starting thereof, a definite quantity of substantially
unoarburetted air is sucked through the carburetor and mani¬
fold into the engine on eaoh stroke of the pistons in one
direction, and when an atomizing device operable by the
means for turning over the engine is employed as just de¬
scribed, suoh device and its actuating means are preferably
so designed that a fixed definite proportion of fuel is
foroed into mixture with the air being drawn into the en¬
gine. In other words, the atomizing devioe actB as a
proportioning carburetor to produce a combustible mixture
having fixed definite proportions of air and fuel; the de¬
sign preferably being suoh that the mixture thus produced is
the best for starting purposes, whioh may differ somewhat
from the mixture produced, by the regular oarburetor when ,
the engine operates under normal running conditions.
Further objects and features of my invention will
be hereinafter more fully described and olaimed.
In order that my invention may be more dearly
understood, attention is directed to the drawings accom¬
panying and forming a part of this specification, in which:
Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, partly brok¬
en away, showing my invention applied to the internal oom-
bustion engine of an automobile, the wiring of the starting
add ignition systems being shown diagramraatically;
Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view, partly
in elevation and partly broken away, of the atomising de-
Ivioe shown in Figure 1 and the means for operating the same;
Figure 3 is a fragmental view similar to that
shown in Figure 1. illustrating a modification;
Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a
further modification; and
Figure B is a detailed view of the gearing shown
in Figure 4.
Referring to the drawings and especially to Figure
1, reference character 1 represents a four cylinder inter¬
nal combustion engine of conventional type mounted in an
automobile 2, and having the usual intake manifold 3 which
communicates with the cylinders of the engine through in¬
lets 4 and with a oarburetor 5 of conventional form by
means of an intake pipe 6. Reference character 7 repre¬
sents a suitable Ignition apparatus connected with the
Bpark plugs of the engine in the usual manner and supplied
with current by a storage battery B. The battery B also
supplies ourrent to an electric starting motor 8 to which
it is connected by conductors 9 and 10, a switch 11 being
provided in the conductor 9 to control the motor circuit.
The motor 8 is mounted on a suitable support, such as a
part of the engine frame, and is connected to turn the
engine shaft 13 by means of reduction gearing 12 and an
over- running clutch 14. the funotion of the latter being
to permit the engine, as it speeds up and runs on fuel
supplied by the carburetor 6, to run ahead of the motor.
The usual fan 15 is driven from a countershaft operated
I by the engine, as by means of a pair of pulleys 16 and a
oonneoting belt 17. The shaft of the fan 15 also consti¬
tutes the armature shaft of a generator 18 mounted on a suit
able standard 19 whioh is provided on the engine frame.
The generator 18 is used to charge the battery B, being
connected thereto by conductors 20 and 21. *n automatic
switch device 22 is provided to automatically break the
charging circuit when the generator is not operated fast
enough tb supply a ourrent of sufficient strength to charge
the battery, and thereby prevent a reverse flow of current
into the generator.
A small air pump 23 is mounted on a fixed part
of the engine frame, and is arranged to be driven from the
motor 8 as by means of a orank 24 formed in an extension
25 of the shaft of one of the gears 12 oonneoting the motor
and engine shaft 13, and a link or rod 26 oonneoting Bald
crank and the piston 27 of the pump. The pump 22 is pro¬
vided with the usual inlet and outlet oheok valve- 28 and 29,
and ita outlet is connected to a pipe 20 whioh conducts air
under pressure from the pump to an atomizing device a.
-'"'^Referring especially to Figure 2, the atomizing
device A comprises a small vertically extending inner tube
21 disposed within a larger outer tube 22, the upper ends of
both of these tubes respectively having horizontally extend¬
ing portions 22 and 24 provided at their ends with small
aligned openings 26 and 26 and constituting an atomizer head
C. The tubos 21 and 22 extend downwardly into a fluid-tight
reooptacle or reservoir 37 through the oover 38 thereof,
this rooeptaole being oonnooted adjacent its lower end, as
by a pipe 39, with the fuel chamber of the carburetor 5,
whereby liquid fuel is normally maintained in the receptacle
at a given level. The pipe 39 is provided with a suitable
check valve 40 to prevent the liquid fuel in the reservoir
37 from being forced back to the carburetor 6 by air pumped
through the pipe 30 whioh is connected to the reservoir ad-
jaoent the upper end thereof. The lo?/er ends 41 and 42 of
pipes 31 and 32 are respectively disposed below and above
the level of the liquid fuel in the receptacle 37 and are
provided with upwardly facing valve seats. An opening 43
provided in the cover 38 of the reservoir 37 is controlled
by a valve 44 mounted on the upper end of a rod 46, said
rod being slidably mounted in suitable braoketB secured to
the inner side of a wall of the reservoir for vertical move-
ment within the latter. The rod 45 also has secured thereto
valves 46 and 47 respectively adapted to ooroperate with the
valve seats provided on the ends 41 and 42 of pipes 31 and 32,
The vertical rod 45 and the valves carried thereby are so
arranged that when valve 44 is in open position, the valves
46 and 47 will he in closed position, and vice versa. The
passage formed between the inner and outer tubes 31 and 32
is restrioted, preferably at a point adjacent the atomizer
head C, as shown at 48. Tho head 0 of the atomizing de-
vioe A is located in the intake manifold 3 at a point as
near as practicable to the cylinder inletB 4, as shown in
Figure 1.
In the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 and de¬
scribed above, when the engine is at rest, the circuit of
motor 8 will be open at switoh 11, as shown in Figure 1, and
as the air in the manifold 3 and the space above the liquid
fuel in reservoir 37 will be at atmospheric pressure, grav¬
ity will hold the rod 46 in its lowered position with valve
44 open and valves 46 and 47 in dosed position. In order
to effect the starting of the engine, switoh 11 is moved to
closed position, thereby closing the oircuit through motor
8, whereupon the motor rotates the engine shaft 13 and turns
over the engine at a alow speed through the reduotion gear¬
ing 12 and the over-running clutch 14. at the same time,
the motor actuates the air pump 23 and air is putaped through
the pipe 30 into the reservoir 37 above the level of the
liquid fuel therein. The pressure of the air in the reser-
voir 37 will thus be raised abovo that of the air outside
of the reservoir and in the manifold, and acting on the
lower side of the valve 44, will move this valve to closed
position and thereby raise the rod 45 so as to move the
I valves 46 and 47 to open position, as shown in figure 2.
The check valve 40 will aot to prevent the air under press¬
ure in reservoir 37 from forcing the liquid in said reser-
j voir baok to the carburetor 5 through pipe 39. liquid fuel
I will now be forced from reservoir 37 up through the inner
I tube 31 to the atomiser head C, and at the same time air
will pass from the reservoir through the outer tube 32 to
jj the atomiser head. The restriction 48 aots as a reducing
I valve and prevents the air in the horizontal portion 34 of
the outer tube 32 from attaining as high a pressure as the
air in the lower portion of this tube and the reservoir 37,
thus creating the difference in pressure between the inlet
and outlet of the inner tube 31 necessary to effect a flow
of liquid fuel through this tube from reservoir 37. The
j liquid fuel issuing from the Bmall openings 35 at the ends
of the horizontal portion 33 of the inner tube 31 and the
air rushing through the small openings 36 in the horizontal
portion 34 of tho outer tube 32 cause the liquid fuel to be
atomized and projected in the form of a fine spray into the
manifold 3 at a point adjacent the cylinder inlets 4. The
fuel spray is forced into mixture with the air being drawn
into the manifold 3 by the engine as the latter is slowly
I turned over, and this mixture is drawn into the engine cyl¬
inders through the inlets 4, oompressed therein, and then
ignited by the ignition system 7. As explained, above, the
parts are so arranged and designed that the mixture thus
produced and drawn into the engine cylinders has proportions
of air and liquid fuel which are fixed and definite and best
for starting purposes. Upon the ignition of this mixture
in its cylinders, the engine starts quickly and will soon
attain such a speed as to draw air through the manifold 3
and carburetor 5 in sufficient volume and at a sufficient
rate to effect proper operation of the lattor, after which
it will operate on fuel mixture supplied by the carburetor.
The engine now runs ahead of the gearing 12 and the motor 8,
this being permitted by the over- running clutch 14, and a
partial vacuum in produced in the manifold 3. The switch
11 is now opened to break the circuit of motor 8 to stop
the latter and thereby the gearing 12 and air pump 83. The
vacuum thus produced in the manifold causes the pressure of
the air in the reservoir 37 above the level of the liquid
fuel to bo quickly reduoed to or below that of the atmosphere ,
whereupon valve 44 will drop by gravity, the rod 45 will be
lowered and valves 46 and 47 thereby closed. It will thus
be apparent that the operation of the auxiliary oarburetting
device, that is, the operation of the atomizing device A, to
I supply fuel in the form of a spray in the manifold 3, will
he automatically terminated when the engine attains a pre¬
determined speed, preferably the speed at which it will oper¬
ate on fuel mixture supplied hy the carburetor 5. In case
the switoh 11 is not opened soon after the engine is running
on fuel mixture supplied by the oarburetor 6, the motor 8
9
I will speed up ana operate the pump 23 at a very rapid rate,
which will tend to build up the air pressure in reservoir 37
and to thereby again effect the dosing of valve 44 and the
opening of valves 46 and 47. Should this ooour, fuel would
be supplied to the engine by the auxiliary carburetting de-
Ivioe as well as by the carburetor 6 during the operation of
the engine under normal conditions. In order to prevent
this, the valves 44, 46 and 47, the oponlngB controlled
thereby, and the rod 46 are so proportioned and so arranged
in the reservoir 87 that air forced into the reservoir 37
through pipe 30 will merely escape or rush past the open
valve 44 through opening 43 to the atmosphere, and it will
be impossible for the pump 23 to build up an air pressure
in reservoir 37 sufficient to overoome the weight of the
rod 45 and the valves oarried thereby, and the suction on
the lower faces of valves 46 and 47 due to the partial
vacuum in the manifold 3 produced by the engine when running
under normal conditions.
In the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2 and
described above, only a very light small air pump is require;
to cause the atomizing device a to produce the desired rich
starting mixture in the manifold 3, and as in starting it
is unnecessary to operate the engine as a pump to effect
proper operation of the carburetor but merely to draw such
combustible mixture from the manifold into the engine cyl¬
inders and compress the same therein, it will be obvious
I that the engine need be turned over only at a very slow rate,
Consequently, the starting motor 8, battery B and generator
18 may be of very small size and power.
10
I My invention may also be advantageously applied to
internal combustion engines which are already equipped with
electric starter devices, as the starting of such engines
would be greatly facilitated thereby, especially in oold
weather, and the wear and tear on the batteries, motors,
generators, etc. of the starting equipment would also be
I materially lessened, due to the deoided reduction in time
and power which would be expended in starting. In providing
such an engine with the invention, an atomizing device, pref¬
erably suoh as shown in Figure 2, is applied to the engine
in the manner shown in Figure 1, but instead of being oper¬
ated by an air pump driven from the starting mechanism,
this atomizing device is aotuated by a hand pump. In the
case of an automobile engine, referring now to Figure 1,
this hand-operated pump, indicated at 50, is preferably
looated within easy roaoh of the operator of the oar, as
on the dash 61, and is oonnected to the reservoir 37 of
the atomizing device «. by means of a pipe 30'. The arrange¬
ment may be otherwise substantially the same as shown in
Figure 1, except that the pipe 30, pump 23, and the actuating
crank 24 will be omitted and the battery B, motor 0 and gen¬
erator 18 will be of greater size and power.
In Figure 3 I have shown the Invention applied to
an engine, the starting of which is. effected manually. In
the construction shown in this figure, the engine shaft 13,
| instead of being direotly connected to the starting orank,
as is UBual , is aotuated from a manually operable shaft 62,
11
mounted in a suitable bearing formed on the engine frame,
through reduction gears 12' and the over-running olutoh 14;
this being practicable because of the fact that the engine
need be turned over only at a very slow rate when equipped
with the invention. The shaft 62 is provided with an ec-
oentrio 63 adapted to actuate the piston of the air pump
23 by means of a connecting rod or link 26'. The atomizing
devloe (not shown) is preferably constructed and installed
as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and is connected to the air
pump 23 by the pipe 30. The end of the shaft 62 is formed
as a clutch element 64 and is adapted to be engaged by a
Bimilar element 66 formed on the inner end of the hand
crank 66. The crank 66 1b slidably and rotatably mounted
in a suitable fixed bearing 67 at the front of the automobila
and is normally maintained in inoperative position, as shown,
by means of a spring 68. If desired, the starting crank
may be located at any other desired point and connected to
operate the Bhaft 62 in any other suitable manner. The
starting of the engine in the arrangement shown in Figure 3
is obviously effected in substantially the same manner as
the engine shown in Figure 1, except that the engine shaft
13 and pump 23 are manually operated instead of being oper¬
ated by an eleotric motor.
In praotioally all eleotric starting systems here¬
tofore used with internal combustion engines, a relatively
high current is neoessary in order to operate the motor so
as to effect the starting of the engine , the current require L
generally being in the neighborhood of ten or twelve times
the proper charging current for the battery which supplies
ourrent to the motor. In suoh systems it has accordingly
been necessary to employ either a separate generator to
oharge the battery or a aynamo eleotrio maohine oapable^of
acting both as a motor and a generator and having a double/
winding and a plurality of commutators. The present in¬
vention, however, renders it possible to employ a starting
motor of insufficient strength to turn over the engine rap¬
idly enough to effect proper operation of the regular car¬
buretor ana a comparatively low starting ourrent for oper¬
ating suoh motor. X have found that a starting ourrent
somewhere in the neighborhood of three times the proper
charging ourrent for the battery is sufficient. Hence,
with my invention, it is entirely practicable to employ an
eleotrio starting system comprising a dynamo eleotrio machine
which will act both as a starting motor and as ^generator
for charging the battery and whioh has but a single/winding
and a single commutator serving both in the motor and gener¬
ator functions. figure 4 shows an internal combustion en¬
gine provided with suoh a starting system. The engine 1
shown in figure 4 is provided with an atomizing device (not
shown) preferably constructed and installed as shown in
figures 1 and 2. The air pump 23 for operating the atom¬
izing device is in this case mounted on a part of the engine
frame adjacent the fly wheel 60 and is connected to the
reservoir of the atomizing device by a pipe 30". Refer¬
ence character 61 represents a small motor-generator of con¬
ventional type having but a single armature winding and a
b ingle commutator and whioh operates as a series motor when
13
connected for starting and as a shunt or compound wound
generator when the battery B is being charged. The motor-
generator 61 is also mounted on the engine frame adjacent
the fly wheel 60 and its shaft 62 extends beyond both ends
of the casing thereof. A small gear 63 is mounted on one
end portion of shaft 62 to rotate therewith, but is slidablej
a the shaft bo as either to be engaged with a large gear
64 provided on the fly wheel 60 and with a smaller gear 66
(Bee Figure 5), or to be disengaged from such gears. The
gear 66 is adapted to actuate the pump 23 by means of a
crank 24* with which the shaft 26’ of the gear is provided,
and a rod or link 26” connecting the orank 24' to the pistol^
of the pump. The other end portion of shaft 62 is oonneotejl
by an over-running olutoh 67 to a countershaft 66 operable
by the engine. A bell orank lever 68 is pivotally mounted
in an opening 69 provided in the floor 70 of the automobile
bo as to be controllable by the foot of the operator, and is|
connected by a link 71 to one end of a lever 72 whioh is
pivoted intermediate its ends on the engine frame. The
other end of lever 72 loosely engages an annular groove
formed in a hub 73 on the gear 63. One terminal of the
battery B is connected to the motor-generator 61 by a oon-
| duotor 76, and the other terminal thereof is oonnected bya
i conductor 76 to a switch 77 by means of whioh the latter
terminal is adapted to be connected with either of two con¬
ductors 78 and 79 leading to the motor-generator. The pos¬
ition of switch 77 is controlled by the bell orank lever 68
through a link 80 pivotally oonnected at its endB to the
14
bell orank lever and the switch. A spring 81 aotB on bell
crank lever 68 to normally maintain the same in raised pos¬
ition, the gear 63 out of engagement with the gears 64 and
66, and the switch 77 in a position connecting the conduct¬
ors 76 and 79. This will be the position of the parts when
the engine is at rest. When it is desired to start the
engine, the bell orank lever 68 is depressed by the foot
of the operator to thereby move the gear 63 into engagement
with the gears 64 and 65 and the BWitoh 77 into position for^L,
connecting the conductors 76 and 78 as shown in Figure.^. .
The dynamo oleotrio machine will now be operated as a motor
by current supplied from the battery B through conductors
76 and 78 and will slowly turn the engine shaft 13 by means
of the small gear 63 and the large gear 64 on the fly wheel
60. At the same-time, air pump 23 will be actuated by
means of gears 63 and 65, crank 24' and link 26" to thereby
operate the atomizing device.. The clutoh 67 permits the
maohine 61, when operating as a motor, to run ahead of the
countershaft 66. As soon as the engine starts to run on
fuel mixture supplied from the regular carburetor, the press¬
ure on bell crank lever 48 is removed, whereupon spring 81
aots through the bell orank lever 68, link 71 and lever 72
to move the gear 63 from engagement with the gears 64 and
66 and at the same time through bell orank lever 68 and link
*80 to move the switch 77 from the position shown in Figure
l Ac
-4, to a position in whioh it connects conductors 76 and 79.
The engine will now operate the dynamo eleotrio maohine 61
15
II
through the countershaft 66 and olutoh 67 as a generator to
charge the battery B. An automatic switch device 82 of ,
conventional form is connected -to the oonauotor 79 -ana to-
f-a fondue Lux 037 and acta to
■7D by mei
automatically break the charging oirouit when the motor-
generator is operated as a generator but at a speed insuff¬
icient to oharge the battery B, and thereby prevent a rovers
flow of current into the motor-generator.
Instead of using an atomizing devioe and an air
) for actuating the same, the fuel may be sprayed direot-
ly into the manifold by a pump, operated either manually or
r means of the starting mechanism in the manner hereinbe¬
fore described. Under suoh circumstances, the pump would
handle the fuel directly.
While I have shown and described several applica¬
tions of my invention. and several forms in which the same
I may bo embodied, it is to be understood that the invention
I is subject to numerous other applications and modifications
|| without any departure from the spirit thereof and the
scope of the appended claims.
Having now described my invention, what I claim
, and desire to protect by Letters Patent is as fol-
| lows: -
16 ,
X. In a device of the olaes described, the
combination with an internal combustion engine and a carbur-
etor therefor, of means separate from the oarburetor for
supplying a combustible mixture of fuel and air to the
engine, substantially as described.
S. In a device of the olass described, the
combination of an internal combustion engine, means for
turning over the engine to effect the starting thereof,
and meanB for supplying a combustible mixture to the en¬
gine only during the operation of said first means, sub¬
stantially as described.
3. The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a oarburetor therefor, and means for supplying to
the engine a oombustible mixture of air and fuel suffic¬
ient in volume and fuel to operate the engine when exploded
therein and when the speed of the engine is less than that
neoops istxy to effect proper operation of the oarburetor,
substantially as described.
''4. The combination of an internal combustion
englno, a device for turning over the engine to effect
starting of the latter, and means controlled by said de¬
vice for supplying a oombustible mixture to the engine,
substantially as described.
&'•
5. The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a carburetox^t^erefor, a device for turning over
I the engine to^effeot starting thereof, and means operative
17
by aaid device for supplying a combustible mixture to the
engine sufficient in volume and fuel to operate the engine
when exploded therein, and when the speed of the engine is
loss than that neoesaary to effect proper operation of
the carburetor, substantially as described.
'~6. l'he combination of an internal combustion
engine, a device for turning over the engine, and means
directly operable by,. such device for supplying a combust¬
ible mixture to-'the engine, substantially as described.
o~ •
7. She combination of an internal combustion
engine, a carburetor therefor, and moans separate from the
carburetor and comprising an atomizing device for supplying
a combustible mixture of air and fuel to the engine, sub¬
stantially as dasoribed.
f 8. The combination of an internal combustion
engine, u carburetor therefor, and means separate from the
carburetor and comprising un atomizing device having an
atomizer hGad located adjacent the inlet or inlets of the
engine for supplying a combustible mixture of air and fuel
to the .engine, substantially as described.
''C 9. 'jhe combination of an internal combustion
engine, and means for supplying to tho engine a combustible
mixture of air and fuel sufficient in volume and fuel to
operate the engine .when exploded therein, the supply of fuel
by Bald means being independent of the suction produced by
the engine, substantially as described.
18
io. The combination of on internal combustion
I engine having an intake manifold, a carburetor for the en¬
gine connected to such manifold, and means separate from the
carburetor and comprising an atomizing device having an
atomizer head disposed in said manifold, for supplying a
combustible mixture of air and fuel to the engine, substan¬
tially as described.
11. The combination of an internal combustion
I engine, a devlee for turning over the engine, an ovsr-running|
clutch ^connecting said., device and engine, and means direot-
ly operable by such device for supplying a combustible mix¬
ture to the engine, substantially as described.
18. The combination of an internal combustion
I engine, a carburetor therefor, and a device separate from
said carburetor for supplying a combustible mixture to said
engine, said device being rendered inoperative when the en¬
gine attains .sufficient speed to effect proper operation
of the carburetor, sxibstantially as described.
ITS. The combination of an internal combustion
(engine, means for turning over said engine, and moans for
supplying a combustible mixture of air and fuel to said en¬
gine upon the operation of said first means, comprising a
fuel atomizing device, and a pump operable by the moans for
turning over the engine for operating the atomizing device,
substantially as desoribed.
14. The combination of an internal combustion
II engine, means for turning over said engine, and means for
19
chamber, and metes for automatically closing the inlet end
of said pips controlled by variations in pressure of the
air in said spaoe\ substantially as described.
19. InVombination, an atomizing device com¬
prising a liquid-containing chamber having an air space
above the level of trfe liquid therein, on atomizer head,
a pipe leading from snld head and having an open end ter¬
minating below the level of liquid in said chamber, and
means controlled by variations in pressure of the air in
said space for controlling said end of said pipe, substan¬
tially as described. \
20. In combination , an atomizing device com¬
prising a liquid-containing chamber having an air space
above the level of liquid therein, an atomizer head, a
pair of pipes leading from said\hnad and having open ends
respectively terminating below t\e level of liquid in said
chamber and in said air space, aAd means controlled by
variations in pressure of the air 'in Bald space for con¬
trolling the said ends of said pipes, substantially as
described. \
2i. In combination, an atdmizing device com¬
prising an atomiser head, and a pair oXpipes leading from
said head and respectively having opon ifelet ends disposed
in a body of liquid and in an air space, Vd valve means
for controlling the said inlet ends of saiV pipes controlled*
by variations in pressure of the air in s alb space, substan¬
tially as described. \
21
22. InNoombination. an atomizing device com¬
prising an atomizerUioad , a fluid-tight chamber oontaining
a body of liquid andVaving an air space above the liquid,
a pipe leading from a>kd head and having an open inlet end
disposed in the body of\liquld , a member movable by differ¬
ences in the pressure oAthe air within and without said
chamber, and a valve for the inlet end of said pipe con¬
trolled by said member, substantially as desorlbod.
23. In combinations on atomizing devloe compris¬
ing an atomizer head, a fluid-fight chamber containing a
I body of liquid and having an airVaoe above the liquid,
a pair of pipes leading from said hofla anfl havlns open in"
let ends respectively disposed in the body of liquid and in
| the air space, a member movable by dWenofflin pressure
i the air within and outside of said chamber, and a pair
j of valves for the respective inlet onda Vf said pipes eon-
trolled by said member, substantially as described.
< 2*. The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a device for turning over said engine, and means
[I comprising a pump operable by said device for supplying
fuel in the form of a fine spray adjacent the inlot or in¬
lets of’ the engine, substantially as described.
\<\ s
•S&. The combination of ..an internal combustion
II engine, a carburetor therefor., and means separate from the
carburetor for supplying" fie 1 in the form of a fine spray
adjacent the inleVor inlets of the engine, substantially
as described.
The combination of an internal combustion
II engine having an intake manifold, and means for introduoing
fuel in the form of a 'fine spray directly into said manifold
for admixture with the air in the latter, substantially as
j described- ‘'j..,
The combination of an internal combustion
3 having an intake manifold, a device for turning over
I said engine, and means operable by said device for intro¬
duoing fuel in^the form of a fine spray directly into said
manifold, substantially as described.
'28,3^ In a device of the olass described, the
1 combination with an internal combustion engine and a oar-
buretor therefor, of means for supplying a combustible mix-
ture of air and fuel to the engine, the fuel in said mixture
being supplied by said means independently of the carburetor
I substantially .as described.
The combination of an internal combustion
I engine, a carburetor therefor, and means whereby a combustiblj
mixture having substantially fixed proportions of air and
fuel is supplied to .the engine when the speed of the latter
is less than that necessary to effect proper operation of
J the carburetor,-. substantially as described.
'3Q>tir The combination of an internal combustion
II engine, a device for turning over the engine, and means con¬
trolled by saidXevioe for supplying to the engine a oombustJ
1 ible mixture'having substantially fixed proportions of air
i fuel^sabstantially as described.
'31. The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a device for turning over the engine, and means com¬
prising a pump operated by said device whereby a combustible
mixture having substantially fixed proportions of air and
fuel is supplied to the engine, substantially as described.
•fcgfk The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a oarburetor there for .and means whereby fuel is
mixed in fixed proportion with the air drawn into the engine
by the operation oKhe latter at a speed less than that
necessary to, -effect proper operation of the oarburetor,
substantially as described.
r" 38?^ The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a carburetor therefor, and means for forcing fuel
into mixture with the air sucked into the engine by the oper¬
ation thereof at a speed less than that necessary to effect
operation pf'tho carburetor, so as to produce a mixture
having/sub stunt tally fixed proportions of air and fuel,
substantially as described.
>54$ The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a dynamo electric machine capable of operation either
as a motor or a generator, means whereby said machine may be
connected to the engine either to drive the same or to be
driven therefrom, a storage battery for supplying current
to said machine when the latter operates as a motor and to
be supplied with current from such machine when the same is
driven as a generator, and means comprising a device direct-
6 ' ./-'/‘/o
rijir:
84
ly operable by Bald machine when the same operates aB a
motor for supplying to the engine a oombustible mixture of
air and fuel, substantially as described.
.6L
She combination of an internal combustion
engine, a dynamo electric machine having but a single arma-
Iture winding and a single commutator and capable of opera¬
tion either as a motor or a generator, means whereby said
machine may be connected to the engine either to drive the
same or to be driven therefrom, a storage battery for sup¬
plying current to said maohine when the latter operates
as a motor and to be supplied with current from such maohine
when the same is driven as a generator, and means comprising
a device direotly operable by said maohine when the some
operates as a motor for supplying to the engine a combust¬
ible mixture, of air and fuel, substantially as described.
3^ The combination of an internal combustion
engine, a carburetor therefor, an electric motor for torning
over said engine but which is insufficient in power to turn
over the engine fast enough to effect proper operation of
the carburetor, and means comprising a devioe operable by
the motor for supplying to the engine a oombustible mixture
of air and fuel, substantially as described.
Sljia agerifiratinn aigneb tljia
I 5 ^ bag 191^
~ • \Cv\v5UUj«^-
©atlj.
State of New Ileraeg )
1 30.
(Hountg of Essex )
WILLIAM H. KUIERIM . tlje abooe nameb
getitinuer, being bulg Biuorn, begoaea anb aaga that he is a ritizen of tlje Initeb
States, anil a reaibent of the City of Hew York, County of Bronx,
State of Hew TTork,
Ujat Ije oerilu belieuea ljimaelf to be tlje original, firat anb sole iaaentor of tlje
imgrnoetnent in
IHTERHAL COMBUST IOH EHGIHES
bearribeb anb rlaiweb in tlje annexeb agerifiratinn; tljat Ije bnea not know anil
bora not belieoe tljat tlje amne utaa eoer knoiun or uaeb before Ijia inoention or
biarnoerg tljerenf; or gatenteb or bearribeb in amj grinteb gnbliration in tlje
Initeb States of Amerira or ang foreign romttrg before Ijia inoention or
biarooerg tljereof, or more tljan tmo geara grior to tljia aggliration; or gatenteb
in ang rountrg foreign to tlje Initeb States on an aggliration fileb bg liirn nr
Ijia legal regreaentatioea nr aaaigna more tljan tuteloe mnntlja grior to tljia
aggliration; or in gublir uae nr on Bale in tlje Initeb States for more than turn
geara grior to tljia aggliration; anb tljat no aggliration for gatrnt ugon aaib
inoention Ijaa been fileb hg ljirn or Ijia legal regreaentatioea or aaaigna in ang
fnreign rountrg.
Sworn to anb aubarribeb before we tljia \S bag of 191
m.B, state e- NntargBublir.
.HUMOH EXfifit'- ... ... lrjgl
r&.r /’Wz Pfe 1
~~J£r4jUgl-f
JW/fo&&e&: J//rf'/////' :
Cc-rM^c^. .
Please find, below a communication from the EXAMIHER in charge of the application of
winiem h. Kni«rinf aerial Ho. 808,928. filed Hot. 16. 1918. for __
Internal Combustion Mnglnes. _ _ . . . .
§.
Commissioner of Patents, .
' 9ng* 2, line 7, "carbureted" should be oarburettsd.
Sage 6, line 2, "valve" should be T4*T»I-
/ ' •/
Page 16, line 10, numeral "6" should be Seme page, line
*6, numeral "1? should be £.
) The automatic switches 22 and 82 should be shown In the
conventional form.
The claims in this application oover two separate and distinct
inventions, eaoh of which hae acquired a distinct status In the
arts. Claims 1 to 17, inolusivs, and 24 to 36, inclusive, a re Clvj.
directed to the engine priming and starting device, classified in
I Ola »s 290, Trims Mover Ifcrnamo Plants. Claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
: and 23 are limited to the carburetor atomiser, classified In
Olaee 261, das end liquid Contact Apparatus. \ /
The applicant is required to limit his claims and description
to a single invention, before further notion on the merits can be
given. (See Buies 41 and 42. )
The following references are olted to show the status of the
art:
- a.
Bwm. i,aift.6ao. Mar. ao. 10.7,
Holt i« it , i ooe, 4274^Tuay ao, 101s,
Matt, '/S.,034,800V'At»S* 6, X9I8,
Eoomia, ^5.7aV^t°y 3-Qs 10X6,
Sairttt, vl,a8^6e*r fan. 8, 1018,
Glass 800-34,
• 183-187.8,
■ 800-40, and
• 890-86.
Bxaotner, Divio Ion 86.
IK THE UK I TED STATES PATEKT OFFICE
William H. Knlerlm,
IKTBEHAL COMBUSTION EHGIKES
Filed November IQ, 1918
Serial Ko. 862,922
Room Ko. 106
HOKORABIE COMMISSIONER OF PATEKTS,
SIR:
In response to the Office action of
May 6, 1919, JcLndly amend the above entitled oaae, as
follows:
Page 6, line^£, change "valve” to - valves - .
pag^/is, line 10, oanoel " 5 " and Insert - 4 - .
Same page, line 26, oanoel "1" and Insert - 4 - .
Page 16, lineal and 4, oanool "and to tho oon-
duotor 75 bybmeans of a conductor 83".
Oanoel olalms 18 tb 23 Inclusive.
Renumber olalm^24 to 36 inoluslve as 18 to 30
Inclusive respectively.
REMARKS
The word "carbureted" may be spoiled either with
one or two t's. Therefore, there Is no necessity of
changing the spelling thereof on page 2, line 7.
Directions have been given the Draftsman on even
date herewith to show the swltohes 22 and 82 In conventional
form.
The requirement for division has been compiled,
with by cancelling original claims 18 to 23 Inclusive.
The right Is reserved to file a divisional application on
the subject matter of these claims.
Ko reason Is apparent for cancelling the de¬
scription of the atomizing device. This device Is a part
of the Invention and must, therefore, be shown and de¬
scribed, Inasmuch as the claims drawn specifically to
the atomizing device have been cancelled, It Is thought
that the requirements made In the sixth paragraph of
the Office ac tlon have bean compiled with.
An action on the merits Is requested.
Respectfully submitted,
WILLIAM H. EHIEBIH
His Attorney
Orango, Ii.J. ,
April /‘f , 1920.
WH-BS
IH THE TO I TED STATES PATENT OFFICE
William H. Knlerlm,
INTERNAL C0MBU8TI0H ENGINES
Filed November 18, 1018 DRAFTING DIVISION
Serial NO. 262,922
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
The Offlolol Draftsman la hare by
authorized and requested to change Figures 1 and 4 of the
drawings as Indicated In red Ink on the accompanying
prints. These ohanges are as follows:
in Figure 1, erasing the swltoh 22 as now shown,
making the oonduotor 21 continuous from the generator 18
to one terminal of the battery B, and Interposing In
conductor 20 an underload o IrcuLt-breaker 22 shown In the
conventional form.
Tn Figure 4, erasing swltoh 82 as now shown, and
also conductor 83, and Inserting In conductor 79 an
underload circuit- breeker^shown In conventional form.
please charge the cost of these changes to the
account of Thomas A. Edison, incorporated.
He spootfully,
WILLIAM E. KNISBIM
Ills Attorney
Orange , E . J. .
April If , 1920.
WH-ES
XI! THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
William H. Knlerlm,
IB TERN AIi COMBUSTION ENGINES
Fllod November 18, 1918
Serial No. 268,922
PHOTOLITHOGRAPHIC DIVISION
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
Please send me a print of each of the
two sheets of drav/lngs In the above entitled application
when the same have been changed In accordance with direc¬
tions to the Draftsman on even date herewith. Charge
the cost of these prints 'to the account of Thomas A.Kdlson,
Incorporated.
Respectfully,
WILLIAM K. ENIERIM
By -
His Attorney
Orenge, N.J. ,
April yf, 1920.
WH-KS
Hv . 26. Room . 106
EMB/VOC
Salon Holden,
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
U N ITEUjK STATES PATENT. OFFIOE
'v.V WASHINGTON May lQa.__1920,_.__
'>4Y il '
MlaoaAtolnlaJirfttlQnJBlMlns,
JfcSSnCTj-.S*. JU -
<n from the EXAMINER in ohar/» of the application of
jUllan * Hhlerlm, Hft^_2fi^9a2^tllad--Mo^ 1*V -laiat-tor-
Intflxnal c«ebudtlon Engines. - - - - - - -
ol.
Commitrioncr of PalmU.
In response to amendment filed April 20, 1920.
Division la required between olalms 1 to 27, directed to
engine starting structure, classifiable In Class 123-180, and
claims 28 to 30, directed to a prime moYor dynamo plant,
classifiable In Gland 290. These are separate and distinct
Invent ions, bare . attained an Independent status In the arts, and
are separately classifiable.
In order not to delay further the prosecution of the oase,
an action on the merits of all the claims will be given, . thougi
division la again required.^ (&c ^rtg. Goldman, 100 0. 0., 234.)
Claims 1, S, 9, &, 16, 22, 23, 26, and 27 are rejected on:
V^ttlg|ht,fei^fcr7,040, Mar. 28, 1916, Claes 123-180, or
/sS^t^r.OSoloes; Jfcne 26, 1912, • • ■
or on Hewitt, 1,262,694, Loomis, Halblelb, or Sean, of record.
Claims 7, 18, 17, 19, and 20 are rejected on Khlgbt, sited,
sr on Hewitt, 1,282,694, Ads It, or Halblelb, all of record.
«i.«— & and 10 are rejected on Khigxt, cited*
fliers 2, 4, 6, and 24 are rejected on Kfcl&t, cited, or on
Hewitt, 1,282,694, Halblelb, Sean, or Loonie, all of record.
£08,982,
/<///// S
Olalae 0, XI, 13, 14, 18, 21, 20 and 30 are rejected on
Knltfrt, sited, or on Hewitt, 1,208,094, or Halblelb, both of
reoord.
• ^ ■/
Claims 28 and 29 are repeated oit-Halbleib, of reoord, or on
Knight, sited, or Hewitt, 1,252, 094./of reoord, in Tie* of
Halblelb or Veiohael et alt, 1,078^402, Oot. 14, 1918, Claws
290-81 1 There would he no invention in using a dynatco-eleotrlo
maohine auoh as dleoloeed In Veloheel et al, , olted, or Halblelh
in the eyeteme of Knigit or Hewitt, 1,202,094.
Examiner, Division 20,
April 16, 1921.
Mrs. Knierim,
4231 Park Ave.,
Hew York, H. Y.
Dear Madam, -
In the fall of 1918 your son, William H. Knlerlm,
who was then associated with Mr. Thomas A. Edison, Interested
Mr. Edison in an invention of his relating to Electric Starting
Devices or Systems for Automobile Engines. Ho formal agreement
with respect to the invention was entered into between your son
and Mr. Edison, but it was understood that if the invention
proved to be practicable Mr. Edison was to receive certain
rights to the invention. At that time an application for a
United States patent on this invention was prepared in Mr.
Edison's Legal Department and was executed by your son, and
this application was filed in the Patent Office on Hov. 18,
1918. A copy of this application and all amendments thereto,
as well as copies of the patent Office actions therein, are
attached, photographic prints of the patent application draw¬
ings and copies of patents cited by the Patent Office as
references in the application are also attached. All expenses
involved in the preparation, filing and prosecution of this
application to date have been paid by Mr. Edison.
Sinoe the filing of the application, Mr. Edison
Ur8.Knierlm -p2 - N
has had the starting device, as designed hy your aon and as
described In the application- referred to. tested at his
laboratory. The test demonstrated that the starting device
is impracticable and will not accomplish the results for which
It was designed. Accordingly. Ur. Edison has decided not to
go to the expense of prosecuting the application further. In
other words, in so far as he Is concerned, the application
will be abandoned. He shall be glad to have any patent
attorney of your selection go over the attaohed copies of the
application papers and the undersigned, who. as you will note.
Is the attorney appointed to prosecute the application, will
be glad to give a substitute power to any such attorney so as
to enable him to continue the prosecution of the application
in case you desire to do this. In this connection, you are
advised that proper response to the last action of the Patent
Office must be filed in the Patent Office by Uay 10, 1921 in
order to save the application from being held abandoned.
The application as originally filed in the Patent
Office contained one set of claims covering the combinations
of elements which go to make up the entire starting device
or system, and also one set of claims covering only the
specific form of atomizing device comp rising* one part of the
starting device or system. The Patent Office required divi¬
sion between these two sets of claims on the ground that they
cover two separate inventions, and this requirement was
complied with by cancelling the set of claims covering the
atomizing device. This means that if you desire a patent
Mrs.Knierim -p.3.-
oovAng the atomizing device, It will be necessary for you to
file an additional application for patent therefor, known aa
a divisional application, which will involve the payment of
a government filing fee of §15.00, attorney's fees for pre¬
paring and prosecuting the application, and, in case the
application is allowed and the patent taken out, a further
government fee (final fee) of §20.00. Whether or not It
would be to your Interest to go to the expense of having an
additional or divisional application filed with a view to
obtaining a patent on the atomizing device Is, of course,
something you must decide for yourself with the help of such
advice as you may obtain. You must also decide whether to
have the prosecution of the present application continued or
to abandon the same., The present application now contains
claims covering only the combinations of elements which go
to make up the entire starting device or system. In view of
the patents which have been cited by the Patent Office, how¬
ever, It is our opinion that, with the possible exception
of the atomizer, there is little if anything patentable in
the starting device or system, and that any claims which it
would be’ possible to obtain in the present application would
be of doubtful value.
In view of the shortness of the time which re¬
mains in which proper action must be taken to save the applio
tion from abandonment, you should give this matter prompt
Mr3.Knlerlm -p.4-
attention, and we will appreciate it if you will advise ue
whether you wish to abandon the application or to have a
substitute attorney of your selection appointed to prosecute
the same further.
Very truly yours,
General Counsel.
389 Eadt ,305th Street
New York City.
April 36,1931.
Mr. Delos Holden,
Legal Department ,
Edison Companies,
Orange, N.J.
Your letter of April 16th, together
with applioation, all amendments thereto and
copies of the Patent Offioa actions relative
to Eleotrio Starting Devioe invented by my
son William, was duly reooived.
I have had the applioation and patents
whioh were olted by the Patent Offioe carefully
looked into and have concluded that there is
ilittle left to patent in the starting system and
ftthat any olaims as you say whioh would be possible
to obtain would be of doubtful value.
After taking everything into consideration
I have deolded that it would be best to drop the
matter entirely. However I wish to express my
appreciation to Mr, Edison not only for the expense
involved in the preparation, filing and prosecution
of this applioation but also for the personal
courtesies extended to my son while with him.
Very truly
yours
se.
Mrs.L.K./HAK
April 29, 1921.
Mrs. L. Xnlerim,
289 E. 205th St.,
Hew York City.
Dear Madam:
We thank you for your letter of the 26th inet.
addressed to Mr. Delos Holden, and in view thereof will
consider the application relating to the Electric Starting
Device, invented by your son William, as abandoned. Your
letter was read by Mr. Edison.
Very truly yours,
General Counsel.
WAH-K
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1109 Production of Molded Articles
U.S. Patent#: 1377192
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/14/1919
January 8, 1919
Ur. Thomas A. Edison: -
Attached hereto are oopies of two patents relating
to compositions designed for use in making phonograph records.
When you have finished with the same, will you kindly return
them to the Legal Department.
ra-,s
fu
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Folio# 1115
U.S. Patent#:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Air Auxiliary Supply Means for Internal-Combustion
Engines
1452829
Edison, Thomas Alva, Jr
3/3/1919
lii
1
Folio No VVV5
Applicant.
Serial No.*..1o...5.^4.
Address.
IL„
Title ...
Filed.^aj^.d^....‘A..v\.a.l..a .
Examiner’s Room No. ...%> J S
Assignee .
Ass’g’t Exec. ..
Page ....
Patent No. . Issued .
ACTIONS.
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IPEUS de
// £/V $JE\$ e
(peftfton
®o ilje (ttommiaaioner of patents :
^gour ^petitioner BHOKAS A. BDI80H. JB. .
a citizen of tip £lniteb States, rraibiin} »».b “ $ost ®ffice "bi,teBB “*
92 Berwyn Street, Orange, 3bbox County, Hew Jersey
oraaa that lettera patent may be flranteb to l,h« foe tl,e improbementa in _
O^U. 9rrrffer ^ -/■ ^ ^ & ' ‘ f
-£~
„ 4 4Xin
Qaaj (
aet forth in tl,e annexeb apecification; anb Ip hereby appointa ?<l« £olben (^eg.atrat.on
Wo 5752) fnljoae abbreaa ia ?biaon j\bminiatraiion 3B»ilbinS, ©range, ^efc 3<eraey, lp>
attorney, toitlj fall poiber of anbatiintion anb relocation, to proaecnte tip applmahon, to
, i c fteratio , ,b e .bn e ta tlprem to receibe tl,e patent anb to tranaact all bna.neaa
in tlfc patent Office conncctcb tljercbiitlj.
SPECIFIC A. IIOII
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY COHOERN :
BE IT lUIOViH that I, THOMAS A. EDISOH, JR., a citi¬
zen of the United States and a resident of Orango, Essex
County. Hew Jersey, have invented .pertain new and useful
ft7<„ . ...
improvomontB in HiTEiin AIr-GOKBu3T IOM EUC 1 1! its, yd f ^ which the
' Qn,
following is a description
My invention relates to internal combustion en¬
gines, and more especially to improved moans for controlling
the proportions of air and fuel in the combustible mixture
supplied to such engines.
The principal object of my invention is to provide
in an internal oombustion engine, a simple, efficient and
novel construction and arrangement whereby, under practigallj
all conditions of use and operation of ‘xhe engine .greater,
i power may lie obtained from tho consumption of a given amount
of gas or othbr fuel, or, to put it differently, whereby tho
same power may b^\obtained by the use of less fuel.)
HumerouB Choices , such as Bo-oallod "economizers",
have heretofore been pubson the market and disclosed in pat¬
ents for accomplishing tho foregoing result, but the opera¬
tion of tho majority at least Of suoh devices depends either
on the speed ( of the engino, the Whittle opening, or the
vacuum produced in tho intake or manifold during tho opera¬
tion of the engine. I believe such devices, especially
those applied betweon the throttle and the ehgine, to be ef¬
fective, if at all, only under certain condition^, such as
at a given vhouum in the intake or manifold of the engine,
or at a givonNthrottle opening, or at a given speed of the
engine, and to ijo practically useless in accomplishing the
j| desired results under substantially all other conditions,
j| This belief is based on a long series of experiments whioh
|j I have conducted ana. which show that, while the proportions
| of air and gas or otBar fuel for the best and most efficient
i! combustible mixture vaty greatly with the power developed by
I1 the engine as well as with the speed at which the same is
run, such variation is ntft at all directly in proportion
either with the variation \n the throttle opening, in the
j speed of the engine, or in the power developed thereby. In
ij general, however, the greats A. the speed of the engine, the
greater the power developed thereby, or the greater the
[throttle opening, the greater shbuld be the proportion of
jiair in the fuol mixture. I have\found in my experiments,
| to cite examples, that when the power developed by the en¬
gine or the throttle opening exoeedsXa certain amount, and
the speed of the engine is comparatively low, there is no
.indication of any vacuum in the Intake br manifold. Accord¬
ingly, it will be apparent that any auxiliary air inlet de¬
vice, the operation of whioh is dependent 'either on the speed
jjof the engine or on the vacuum produced by \he engine in the
! intake or manifold, would be substantially inoperative under
such conditions of operation, at which times the amount of
[additional air in the fuel mixture necessary in\order to ob¬
tain the best and most economical results in the
'gasolene should be great,
/
"p-/ L
| More particularly, my invention roaides in im-
| proved moans comprising an auxiliary air inlet and propor-
ij tioning device operating on novel principle a, -whoroby . tho-
!
I -foregoing ■ objections are obviated and- whereby the test and
j moat economical fuel mixture will he supplied to the engine
at all speeds thereof and under all other conditions of oper-j
! ation.
| a further object of my invention is to prevent the
j emission of flameB from the air inlet of the carburetor in
case tho engine backfires, preferably by the means for con¬
trolling the proportions of air and fuel in the fuel mixture
supplied to the engine, whereby danger of fires taking place
is greatly lessened.
My invention also resides in a simple and inexpen¬
sive device which may be made as an attachment capable of
being readily applied to internal combustion engines in use
for attaining the objects described above.
Further objects and features of my invention will
be hereinafter more fully described and olaimod.
In order that my invention may be more clearly
; understood, attention is directed to the drawing accompanying
i and forming a part of this speoifioation, and in which:
Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, partly in
i section, of a carburetor and intake of an internal combustion
engine, showing a preferred embodiment of my invention ap¬
plied thereto;
Figure B is a view in elevation, looking from the
left in Figure 1, the oarburetor being omitted; and
3
jj Figure 3 la an enlarged part sectional view on i
I line 3 — 3 of Figure 1, with the air inlet valve member or j
metering pin omitted. j
| Referring to the drawing, reference character 1
i! represents a carburetor of conventional type, provided with
j! the usual needle valve (not shown) for controlling the fuel
j inlet to the carburetor and which may be adjusted by means
| of a handle A. Tho outlet of the carburetor is connected |
J in the UBUal manner to a fuel supply conduit or intake pipe
12 comprising a part of the manifold of the internal combus¬
tion engine, communication between tho carburetor and the
ji intake 2 being controlled through a levor 3 which operates
j| the usual throttle or butterfly valve (not shown). Detaoh-
1 ably secured to tho main air inlet 4 of the carburetor in a
jhorizontal position is a short cylindrical tubular raeralber 6
j! forming a continuation of such inlet. Tho member 5 has a i
j reduced end portion 6 provided with longitudinal slits and j
| of such size that it may be forced into the inlet 4, aB shown J
jupon a slight yielding of the resilient sections formed by
||8uoh slits. A lug or boss 7 projects from the tubular mem-
jiber 6 and is provided with a tapped hole oommunicating v/ith
ithe interior of the tubular member. The inlet 4 of the car¬
buretor is provided with a set sorew 8 and tho member 5 with
a hole engagoable by said sot sorew, said sot screw and open-
Ing constituting means for insuring the attachment of member
b to inlet 4 in such a position that lug 7 will oxtend down¬
wardly from member 5 with the axis of the opening therethrough
jjrertioal. a short vertical tube 9 is threaded into the
tapped opening in the lug 7 so that its upper end projects
slightly into the passageway of the tubular member 8, and the
lower end thereof is suitably secured as by a threaded connec¬
tion to one end of a pipo or conduit 10, the other end of
suoh pipe communicating with the interior of the intake 2
through a hollow lug 11 provided on the intake, with whioh
it has a threaded oonneotion.
The tube 9 has a cylindrical passageway or opening
extending therethrough, the upper portion of which is en¬
larged, as shown at 12, and the lower portion reduced as at
'•The wall of the passageway in tube 9 between the por¬
tions 12 and 13 of the opening therethrough is formed with
a valve seat 14. Reference oharaoter 15 represents an air
inlet valve me mb o r r whioh is' mounted in tube
9 for rooiprooatory or sliding movement therein and whioh is
provided intermediate its ends with a portion 16 whioh con¬
forms to and is adapted to engage the valve seat 14. Bolow
the portion 16 the member 15 .is provided with a long conical
portion or needle valve 17, while abovo the same it is formed
with a long cylindrical onlargod' portion 18 which fits olose-
ly within the enlarged portion 12 of the opening through tube
9 and extends some distance above the upper end of the latter
into the tubular member 6 when the portion 16 of the valve
member engages the valve seat 14. Between the portions 16
'/?h
stag p-i-^1
short cylindrical reduced section 19 so as to provide an
annular chamber 20 between the wall of the tube 9 and the
valve member 16. The tube 9 is provided with a horizontal
slot 21 extending therethrough and communicating with the
annular ohamber 20. The Blot 21 is formed in the bottom
wall of a horizontal annular groovo 22 in tube 9, and a ro-
Biliont split ring 23 is adjustably mounted in such groove
for the purpose of regulating tho offectivo opening of said
Blot. The outer odpe of the split ring is preferably .
■Wi/ r/W
knurled to facilitate its adjustment. Valve member o# met¬
ering- fllii lR is provided centrally thereof with a long verti-j
cal slot 24 extending downwardly from its upper end; and
pivotally mounted on the upper end of pin 15 by means of i
pin 26 is a member 26 comprising a flat com 27 vertically
disposed in tho slot 24 and through whioh the pivot pin 25
| extends, and a flat blade 28 disposed at right angles to the
I cam. Member 26 1b preferably integrally formed as by oast- j
ing the same from a suitablo metal such ob brass. Reference
character 29 represents a cotter pin which is inserted through
horizontal openings provided thorofor at diametrionlly oppos
ite points in the tube 9 just below the upper threaded end
portion thereof, and also through the slot 24 of valve member
16 within tube 9. The cotter pin 29 haB a defleotod head 30
whioh, when the pin is inserted in tho proper position as
shown, takes into a longitudinal slot 31 formod on the lower
side of tubular member 6 and extending inwardly from the out-
end thereof. The ootter pin 29 has aovoral functions,
inamely: It ooaots with the lower end wall^of, slot 24 to
'limit the upward movement of valve member -er-i»i»- 15 in the
tube 9; it prevonts relativo turning movement of^T^s-lB in j
I tube 9; it oo-oporates with slot 31 to look tube 9 and j
!J thereby member IB and the parte carried thereby ^gainst
I turning movement with respoot to tubular member^; and it
insures the application of tube 9 to tubular member 5 in
such position that the Blot 24 in member 15 and the cam 27 j
| of merabor 26 will bo parallel to the axis of the tubular
member 6.
When the engine ia not in operation, gravity holds
the momber 16 „in ita lowermost position, as 3hown in
Figure 1, with the portion 16 thereof in engagement with
the valve seat 14, thus closing the passageway in tube 9.
Member 26 and the cam 27 comprising a part thereof are so
formed and mounted on pivot pin 25 in suoh a manner that
when the member 15 is in this, position, the edge of cam
27 is in engagement with the upper end of tubo 9 with the
point in the edgo of the cam substantially midway between
j the ends thereof and nearest the pivot pin 26 disposed ver¬
tically below such pin. She flat blade 28 which is prefer¬
ably formed on member 26 to one side of the opening for the
pivot pin 25, then stands upright in the passageway of
| tabular member 6 and normal to the axis thereof,
ji >fho portions of the edges of cam 27 between the
Sj point immediately below pin 25 (referring to Figure l) and
ji either end of ouoh own are preferably similar in shape and
symmetrical and so formed that the distance from pin 25 to
I tho edgo of the oam constantly increases from this point
towards said endB. It will therefore bo apparent that if
member 26 is moved about pin 25 in either direction from the
7
!
position in which it is shown, oam 27 will ooaot with the
ment of the member. 26. As member 16 is raised, additional
air will be admitted through slot 21, ohamber 20, then past
noodle valve 17, and through the reduced lower portion 13
of the passageway in pipe 9 and pipe 10 into the intake 2
!j for admixture with the fuel mixture in the latter, and the j
|! amount of air so admitted will obviously be greater, the \
3/l/- 2./
greater the distance member -trr=-p±n 16 is moved upwardly. It ;
lj will be evident that air entering the carburetor 1 through
I the main air inlet 4, 6 thereof will strike against blade 28 j
!l
and havo a tendency to move member 26 about pin 26 to’ the
right (referring to I’igure 1) and thereby increase the ef- j
feotive area of such inlet and raise member 16 in tube 9, andj
J
that this tondenoy will increase with the increase of veloo'
lty of the air. On the other hand, such movements of the 1
members 16 and 26 will be resisted or opposed by any vacuum
which may be present in the intake 2, which will exert an
aotion dependent on the amount thereof tending to hold the
valve member taetoring p±k 6. in its lowermost position ^ L
with the portion 16 thereof in engagement with the valve soat|
14, olosing the passageway in tube 9 and preventing the ad¬
mission of additional air to the intake 2. The members 15
and 26 and the parts carried thereby are so designed as to
be maintained practically balanced by the velocity of the airj
in the main air inlet of the carburetor and the vacuum in the!
intake 2 in Buoh positions as to insure the admission of the
proper amount of additional air to the fuel mixture in the
intake 2 and the beat and most ooonomioal proportions of alr|
in suoh mixture under all normal conditions of operation of
the engine.
In order to illustrate the operation of my inven¬
tion, I will desoribe its aotion under widely different con¬
ditions, as follows:-
(1) In starting the engine and when thu same
j is in operation with the throttle valve open only a small
the fuel mixture should bo rioh in gasolene. Under
Buoh conditions, the vacuum produced in the intake iB oora-
I parativoly high and aots to hold or retain valve member vjt
» — - — * - 15 in its lowermost or closed position, and raem-
ber 26 in Buoh position that the blade 28 will stand upright
in the tubular member 6. Accordingly, no additional air
| will be admitted to the intako 2, and furthermore, the effeo-;
tive aroa of the main, air inlet of tho carburotor 1 will be
I reduced to a minimum by roauon of the position of blade 28
I and but a comparatively small amount of air will enter the
carburetor for admixture with the fuel.
(2) When the engine is operating at high speed,
the funl mixture should be loan, that is, it should oontaln
■&. ajlL
a less proportion ori^s and a higher proportion of air.
jl
I -rrhilre— tjiere— .till'-be— a-oonuidaxable-vttouum-produoed in- tho
1 >/!<.'■“>
I4«lmko— B-Mien the engine operates at high speeds, the air
will enter -or bo drawn into tho carburetor 1 through the
inlet 4, 6 at suoh a great velocity that it will, on striking!
-W '»1C. ]
the blade 28, overoome the tendency wHloh^mKih—voatmnt- has to
hold member 16 in its lowermost position, and movo tho momborj
26 about pivot pin 26, thereby increasing tho effeo tive area
of tho air— inlot 4, 6 of the carburetor, and raise the moraberl
. 16 In tube 9. The amountB blade 28 is moved or deflected
from upright position and valve member 15 iB raised, and
accordingly, the effective area of the main air inlot 4, 5
of the carburetor 1 and the amount of additional air admitted
to intake 2, will, of course, .depend on the rolation betweon
the volooity of the air entering the oarburotor and the vaou
um in the intake. 1. tjS^
f-fr) - When -the engine is deve-loptng-fflpe
and running at slow speed, the fuel mixture Bhould a:
lean. While, under such a condition of operaJAcffT the air
enters the carburetor through inlet 4^5^t a comparatively
| slow velocity, the throttle will^b-tfopened very wide and
i there will be substantialjjr'no vaouum produced in the intake
j 2. Consequently^fcheair entering the oarburetor through
I the inlet kyjtf* and aoting on blade 28 will easily move member
S'lts pivotal axis, thus inoreaBing the effective area
With the parts in the pos-
3/v-|
I attain a considerable speed before aif will be draw'ii into
the oarburetor 1 through inlet 4, 6 at a velocity sufficient
i! to overcome the tendency which tho vaouum in intake 2 has to
|| hold inoraber 15 in its lowermost position and effect movoment
| of blade 28 from^its upright position. BooauBe of this, I
Ifind it unnecessary, when ah internal combustion engine has
my invention applied thereto, to employ the usual Phoke
throttlo^, as theblade 28 performs all the functions of
such a throttle.
All parts of the additional air inlet and propor-
j tionlng device should be very carefully made and proportioned
j in order to obtain the desired results. She shape and size
I of blade 28 and oam 27 are especially important. In the
I case of blade 28, I find, that the best results are obtained
j by making the same substantially of the shape shown and of
I a size substantially equal to one-half the cross sectional
area of the opening in tubular member 5. The cam 27 should
•VV'V
be so shaped as to e'ffoot upward movement of valve member ^o-r-
f . ;/?/>■» sL-u
I .metering jmr is an amount which will constantly increase in .
j a definite ratio for. a uniform movement of the blade 28 about
pivot pin 25 from a -vertical towards a horizontal position.
1 Another improved result obtained by my invention
|i is that it prevents -flame being expelled from the main air
I inlet of the carburetor whenever the engine backfires. I
jj have purposely and- repeatedly caused engines equipped with
f my invention to bapkfire, but have been unable to obtain the
j! emission or expulsion of any flame whatever from the air
I inlet of the carburetor. I am not certain of the reason for
|j this, but my theory is that when a backfire -occurs, the air
lj present in the intake and carburetor will be suddenly ox-
I polled thereby and in advance of the fire at great velocity
| from the in^et 4, 5 and will violently throw the blade 28
j and thereby member 26 to the left about pivot pin 25, there-
j by at onoe raising member Sr=piir 15 to its uppermost .posi- r
j tion, whereupon a sufficient quantity of additional air will
I immediately be admitted to the intake 2 to cause oomplete
combustion of the burning mixture to take place in the
I manifold.
11
Tho action of the devioe shown may be nicely regu-
-3/W-v
lated to adapt, the earae to different -instalments and- con-
ditions by adjusting the. split ring 23 to regulate the ef-
f\
j feotive area of the slot 21 in tube 9. When onoe properly
| adjusted, however, no further adjuBtmont of this ring 1b
| usually necessary in order to obtain the desired results.
The, device comprising tubular member 5, tube 9,
JA/-v
valve member -er -metering. pin 15, ring 23, member 26, cotter
I pin 29, and pipe 10, may be made as a aheap and simple at¬
tachment capable of boing readily and quickly applied to
internal combustion engines in use.
I While I have described the preferred embodiment
' of my invention, it is to be understood that the same is
1
| subject to various changes in tho size, shape and arrange-
iment of itB parts without departing from the spirit of tho
Invention and the scope of the appended claims.
Having now described my invention, what I claim
and desire to secure by letters Patent is:
fr"
1. The combination of a oarburetor_of an \
internal. combustion engine, the fuel supply conduit leading
therefrom, and moano^controllecL by the -yoloetty of the air
A'S- / ass* - t— y . tL"b '■/
entering- the-curbur&jtoA~niid the taouum.,in said supply con¬
duit for controlling the proportion of air in the^fuel mix-
jture supplied to the engine, substantially as descrlbedT''--^
AA'V
J 2.
The combination of a oarburetor of an in-
itornal combustion engine* the fuel supply conduit leading,^
therefrom, and a' devioe. comprising a memberAoontrolled by
; /fist ~vri***4
the velocity of the air entering -tho— main" air inlet of— the
18
• controlling the effective, area of such inlet, c
aai-a-devioe— he-ine-adap-ted— to-eo»t-ro3:A the 'supplying of ad-
-fc ~ M "*■ Aut"
ditional air to tho fuel mixture in said uupply
substantially as desorihed.
5' ‘ '
(oCduit ,
3. Tho combination of a carburetor of an in¬
ternal combust ion anfjine^tho fuel supply ^nduit loading
therefrom, and means oomprisinga mombor eontrod-labl'o-by^
- at 'A/J“
iiA%-M«iitrWsg of tho air entering tho"i
trolling tho supplying of additional air to the^fuel^mix-
turo in said supply conduit, substantially as described.
tsCMAsU^tJjLa
ie combination of a carburetor of an inter¬
nal oorabustion enfeine, the fuel supply conduit leading there¬
from, a throttle v\lve controlling communication between
Baid oarburotor and 'supply conduit, and means comprising
a member oontrollableYby the velocity of the air entering
the oarburetor for automatically effecting the most eoonom-
ioal proportions of airYnd fuel in the fuel mixture supplied]
to the engino through sai^^oonduit for all degrees of open-
iing of said throttle valve and at all spoeds of the engine,
substantially as described. \
j '6^ The combination of a oarburetor of an internal!
oombustion ongino, tho fuelNaupply conduit loading therefrom,
| and a devioo for controlling \ie admipslon of additional air
Sifag a
i valve and a member
|j adapted to offoot oponiw>^ovoment\f said valvo upon move¬
ment thereof by the air entering the \arburetor, substan-
j tially as described; \
/ conduit leading therefrom
1 i^rL- 0.0 //-!■■■■■ [
Miy-UiH -velocity ol'
'' j. The combination of a carburetor of an Internal^
jj combustion engine, the fuel
a device comprising a member
the uh unlm liu, l.lm nnrhfrrntnr f^r controlling the Bupply-
t mg of additional ai/to the fuel mature in such supply
conduit, and mear^/adjustable to regu^te the action of
said device, substantially as desoribed.
17. Tho combination of a carburetor of an inter¬
nal combustion engine\ the fuel supply conduit leading
therefrom, an auxiliaryVlr inlet connected with said con¬
duit, and moans comprising^ a member controlled by the valoc
jj ity of the air entering theWrburetor for controlling said
air inlet, substantially as deeori’bei.
I
ition of a carburetor of an intern-
The oombi:
j i ooi.tu.tip5j_.jyin., «.
jj from^an auxiliary air inletYnn^cted/with, sajd .coWl*
and means comprising a raemherVv.^^AyJiho ai^entnrin^ __
|j the main air' inlet of the oarb.u^torAfor cc/ntrolling said
| auxiliary air inlet and the/effeo\^ve area of said main air
jj inlet, substantially as ^described.
f U- ~*b" /
ji 7 The combination of a carburetor of an intern¬
al c o mb u stlo n '■engine , the fuel supply conduit .loading there¬
from, a member mounted-JCor movemc^nt^in bhej^i^air^ inlet
of the carburetor and movnble<by^the Aair entering said inlet
an auxiliary air inlet valvo for ^dJai-tliing^additional air
into said conduit, (and moans whereby (uni fora-movement of
said memhor by the air entering the carburetor offeots^a^
constantly increasing) opening movement of said valve’, /
substantially sb desoribed.
I The combination of a oarburetor of an In- j
j temal combustion engine, the fuel supply conduit leading I
|j therefrom and provided with an auxiliary air inlet having
jj a yaive seat, and a device comprising a valve member movable
II with respect to said seat for controlling the admission of
' || air through said auxiliary air inlet, and a member mounted in
j the main air inlet of the carburetor and movable therein I
' to control the effective area thereof, either of said membord
being adapted by movement thereof to effect movement of the |
j other member, and said device being arranged to be maintained,
| la balanced position by the effect of the air entering the
j carburetor on tho member in said main air inlet and by the
I effect of the vacuum in the fuel supply conduit on said
j valve, substantially' as described. I
jl Um. mjUA-cA, j
11. The combination of a oarburetor of an intera-
al combustion engine, theVuel supply conduit leading there- |
-• l from, and means comprising \momber controllable by the vac- I
: Lum in said conduit for centreing the effective area of the)
|l main air inlet of the oarburoto\ substantially as described, j
jl xz, Tho combination of a carburetor of an intorn-j
jal combustion engine, the fueVsupply conduit leading there- j
1' from, and means comprising a maker controllable by the vac¬
uum in said conduit for controlling the amount of air Alter¬
ing the carburetor, substantially * Scribed.
(CL, v 3/^ / 'V
L V'C 1 i'he combination or\a oarburetor of an intern¬
al combustion ongine. Jh/fuel suppl^oonduit leading thore-
I
\
15
from,. and means controllable by .the
the oar-
tkr.ffocu™ oris ol ^Asanas mi«i:Tt th. ..rtnr.tor
substantially as described. \ •
^ ,o . N <u~c*M 3/U'W
;y_ 1 ihe combination of a carburetor of an into
__ _ f\ol supply^ o^nduit pleading ther
from, and moans controllable Wtt^aif entering the car-
'/rfa
buretor ana by the vacuum in
A CUf '/?N>
Jpld conduit for controlling
; substantially as I
described j
y \jr V \ to^JUJ,
: *6. She combinretion of a carburetor of an intern¬
al combustion ongine^ttje «
, from, a devioe contr^lla?l? b\ the the oarbtfr-
f otor andjthe vacuum in said, .supply conduit for oontrolling
| th. proportion .« nlr^tho tX .■ - i° ^
|j engine, and me ans^d jus table^td Regulate the action of-*
|| rUvtH-rm, substantially as desoribe\
Ihe combination of a carburetor c
al combustion b^ihe^the fuel supply c onduU .
,tti 1. th. »t».»lr Ul.t off^
! the carburetor to control thooffeotivoarea tberoof, an aux-
in“ °i
Mndil(tTtmd means thereby' uniform movement of said^member
'4t^ jand means ^whereby ' i
j effects a variable movement of said valve, substantially i
! described.
7 — - ... _ ,
J*. She o omb lna'tion~of_a^carbur e tor of an lntern-j
al combustion engine, the fuel supplyl^Iri-eadinE^thore-
16
from, a member mounted, for movement in the main air inlet
I of the carburetor, and'-an auxiliary air inlet valve for
admitting additional air into said oonduit, eaid valve
hoinc operatively oonneoted to a aid member whereby opening
|j movement' of the valve is effected by movement of said member/,
in either direction from a given position, substantially, as
9 described.
■ ' '
| ' 16. ..The combination with the carburetor of an
j| internal oombustlon'engine and the fuel intake or. manifold
•j connected thereto, of aWad^mounted for swinging movement
j. m the mam air inlet off the «rfb«#tor ^adapted to occu-
J; , up JlBh.^r ensvers « -pnaltion-therem... and an auxiliary \
air inlet valve for said conduit operatively oonneoted to
I said, blade whereby opening movement of the valve
hy movoment of the blade in either direction from «*efc=up-
j ■&&&* position thereof, substantially ns described.
■ |j r j ^ (~ '
K19. The oombjWtion of a carburetor of an intern-
al oornbuBtlon engine, the \ntake or manifold loading there¬
from, an additional air inlet connected to said intake, and
means whereby said inlet is dbtomatloully opened when a hack-
fire occurs, substantially as \^esoribed.
Cf jif .
The combination of a oarburetor of an intern
| al oombustion~^nginorp~the?lntake or manifold leading there-
from, ana means effective to jw^nt-faarae Jbolng expelled
from ^^air^tnle'^f the oarhurotor when' a baok lire -occurs^
substantially" as described. . — .
4
C ■j**’
T
17
The oomhina^lon of a carburetor of an intorn-|
al oombuatl on engine, the intake oiv-raanifold leading there- j
from, and moans effective to prevent flamo being expelled
from U^e^oJ^/inl o V of J<h e j
jj^iid6 means ^ing^rendered offeotiveSbo aooomplish said resultj
by suoh ' backfire , substantially aB described.
|| ""Jig. The combination of a carburetor of an intern-]
|j al combustion englne^the intake or manifold leading there-
j from, and unitary means for';pE^vonting flame being expelled
I
if and for’TIntroil^^ho proportion of air in the. fuel mlxtu
j! supplied to the ongino, substantially as described.
I l/
[j " .23. The combination of a oarburotor of an intom-|
al combustion engine, tho in\ake or manifold loading there¬
from, and unitary moans controllable partially, at least,
by the movement of air in the main air inlet of the carbur¬
etor for preventing flame being Wpelled from the air inlet
of the carburetor when a baokflre\ occurs and for controlling
the proportion of air in tho fuel Yixture supplied to the
engine, substantially as described.^
(> \9j . iu~JLU-
24;i An attachment for internal oomhustion onginei
j comprising a tubular memberyadapted to be attached to and
j form a part of the air lnlot\of tho carburetor of the engine,
a tube oonneoted at one end t\ and communioating with tho
j! interior of said memhor, the oVhor ena of said tube being
(adapted to bo oonneotod with thV Intake or manifold of tho
engine so as to oommunioate withythe Interior thereof, said
tube being provided with an air i|let opening in its wall, a
18
Xaid tube for controlling the flow
of afr from said opening through said tube , and a blade
movably mounted in and dispo'sod ..transversely of the passage-j
way in said mem^r, said blad&fbeing operatively connected
with said =p±n- whereby movement the blade within sa^d^
tubular member effects s^d=|ng ^ uo\ement of aaid^ptn'in said
tube and vice vorsa^ substantially as described.
|£j \
I i SB. An attachment for internal corabus.t^lon engineb
comprising a tube adapted to bo conneoted^wlth the intako or
| manifold of the engine Ar admitting additional air thereto,
a valve member for controlling tho flow of air through said
be movably mounted in the air
_ _ _ ../members being operatively oon-
j nec ted" whereby movemont of /oney effects movement of the other
S substantially as described.
;S ■% n0>
jj * ZB". An attachment
I comprising a tubular section adapted to be connected to the
air inlet of the oarburetofi of the' engine, a member jnounted
iii Bald tubular section, a tube adapted to bo oonnected^with
the intake or manifold of ’s4h\ engine for admitting addition-
|j al air thereto, a valve/membe:
K tube, and a member adapted ’
r internal combustion engines
l| ai:
\ for controlling the fl°'
through said tube, and means connecting said members^
whereby a given degree of movement of one effects a differ¬
ent degree of movement of the ott^er, substantially
soribod...
1 3W. An attaohn
| comprising a tubular seel
int for internal combustion engines
lon\adnpted to he oonneoted to the
19
1 \ ta^JUX °! ~
air inlet of tho oarburetor of the engine, a member mounted
^or Bwinging movement in\ said tubular section to vary the
effective area of the passageway therein), a tube adapted to
be co nne c tedTwi th” *th e intake or manifold of the engine for
admitting additional air thereto, a valve member movable
longitudinally^ in said tube to control the passageway there -
through, and means a&fftfHF-tai-n g-\k— a am-etmi i u u ting saM-members^
whawby-a-iHiiform-d e §fee-oi-
able degrojr of movement of the o^her, substantially as de¬
scribed. f§
A/,
hcL
for internal combustion en-
9^
j! \'i ■ S41. An attach ntent
|| ginos, comprising a tubular\ section iadan^ed to bo connected
1 to the air inlet of the carburetor of/the engine, u membcrri
section, a tube, Adapted
manifold of the engine
for admitting additional air theVoto , a valvo member for
1 controlling the flow o f/ur throuVh said tube, means eonneot-j
i ing said members whereby movement \x one effects movement of
/ 'Is
the other, and mean's comprising a^ddyvice having the double
function of limiting tho movement of\said members and pro-
il mounted for movement in said '
|! iU tiu.
| to bo oonneotod/rwith tho intai
limf'
j| venting all^movements. thereof other th^-n in given directions,
!! substantially as described.
jj .
j| 5S9,r An attachment for internal oombustion engines/
! comprising a tubulnr section adapted to be connected to the
air inlot of the carburetor of\he engine, a member mounted
j[ for swinging movement in said tubular section to vary the
effective area of the passageway therein, a tube adapted to
1 bo connected with tlie intake or man\fold of the englno for
I C.d^-^-cXXeJ-. 'V
|| admitting additional strWereto, a valve member for oon-
|j trolling the flow of air through said tuba, means oonneot-
!j mg said members whereby moVemont of one effects movement
ij 0f the other, and means comprising a single device having
the functions of limiting the\ movement of said valve member,
{ preventing swinging movement oV the member in said tubular
| section other thun in a oertainWth, and holding said tube
ji and tubular section in a given relative position, snbstan-
! tially os desoribod. \
■ 3 ci
!;
®[iin apeciftcatinn aigueb anb mitncaaeb this ’W^bag ofX-vv-e/^gi^
cH^,, ,. j a / Gu^/^sZ.
Iflittiraara :
J ^c ^Jc- (® AU^t/vcyi^'
a 7 ;
©allj.
State nf Nrui Jeraetj
(Smutta nf Eaaex
THOMAS A. EH I SON, JR. . «*OW Hum*
petitioner, bring bulg aiunru, brpnara anti aaaa tljat Ijr ia a cittern nf % Initeii
Statca, anb a rraibent nf orango, Essex County, Hew Jorsey
tl,at lie urnltj lu'lieura ljimarlf In lie tlje original, ftral anil sole inventor of tlje
imprnvrutrnta in
INSlffiNAi COMBUSTION ENGINES
beacribrb aub rlaimrb in the aunejirb apcrifirntion; that lie bnea not lutmu anb
bnea nut believe tljat % aaine maa ruer limuun nr uaeb before ljia imientinu nr
biarunrra tljrrrnf ; nr patrutrb or brarribrb in anij printeb publication in the
Huitcb &tatca nf America nr ang foreign rnuntrg before liia innenlinn nr
biarmtent lljerrnf, nr more titan hun ueara prior In tljia application; nr patenteb
in anp rountrp foreign tu tlje Initeb Statca nn an appliratinu fileb more titan
tuiclne uumtha prior to tljia application; or in public uar nr nn aale in tltr
Initeb Statea for more than turn geara prior to tljia application; anb tljat nn
application for patent upon aaib invention Ijaa been fileb bg Ijirn nr ljia legal
repreaentatiuea nr aaaigna in aug foreign rountrg.
J f\.(-i,iAstul (Aj . A-
Snuorn to anb aubarribeb before me tljia bag of
cf d^?(X/iLvt
CJ Notarg public.
NOTARY PUBLIC, STATE OF NEW l«T«V
COMMISSION EXPIRES APIUL 21,
SERIES OF 1915.
Ho.SllAZL.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Washington, D. C., _ ZZfAL.
£. .
Wlf °
I have to acknowledge the receipt of the petition, specification, oath , and
drawing, with first fee of FIFTEEN DOLLARS t of your xf application for patent for
— %!XXS.^Add£^...4. .
Your application will ho considered in its order, and you will he duly
advised as to the examination thereof, through your attorneys.
Very respectfully, £
, 0
Commissioner of Patents. "
I I
l£c(tLs.C>
raft, the credit granted is subject to the collecfcic
2-200
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON g«gt.-9T -ISOS. -
-Delos-Holden, — . .
_ SdiBoa-Admin.la-tEati<Mi-3ad.g,.r -
-Oxanger~lt.J-.
Please find below a commwnieation from the
_ T-homa.S-A«.— EdLin&n,—
EXAMINER in oharfie of the application of
atjirnaX-.Oamjmatioa-JiinsAnss-V - —
Commissioner of Patents.
..2aQ^B26-
The title of the invention Is inapt.
In the (*’ e script ion, the term "metering pin" used in Una
U, ^5,, 5, ami el samara, should ha cancelled, as the -alva
member: does not measure anything, hut merely controls flow.
Page 9, line 33, "gas" should he fuel. Lines 23 and 34
seem of somewhat doubtful accuracy. The vacuum in the intake
will depend no^only on the engine speed, hut on the design
of the air passages. For efficient operation of the engine,
the vacuum at high speeds should not he gret.
Page 10, lines 8 to 10 also seem of doubtful accuracy.
It would seem that the proportions of the mixture required at
any speed would he independent of the conditions causing that
speed, whether throttle position or engine load. It is the
Examiner's observation that at lower speeds a richer mixture is
required than at high, irrespective of throttle position, while
when the engine is working at its full capacity, its speed is de¬
pendent on the load and is not affected by considerable variation,
in throttle position. Inasmuch as any patent to he granted must
he based on applicant's device and not onttoSriMof its oper-
atlon, It might be desirable to eliminate this paragraph.
It la suggested that the words "In starting the engine"
be oanoelled from line 18, and inserted after "throttle" in
line 27.
Page 13. line 2, the use of the term "instalments"**^ •
to be inapt.
The following references are made of record:
La Chapel le at al., 1,200,570, Apr. 33, 1918,
261-!S^ 9i3,°146, Nov. 11, 1903, 361-46,
.-Hinton at al., 926,% 33, June 39, 1909, and
' 5J inton, 988$Jg38, July 30, 1909, 3ol-53,
4rowne, 1,00,603, July 18, 191»,
• — HSearev, 1, POT, 041, Jan. 13, 1.-14,
lvl08*?03* JVTly inl4’
Soray, 1,335., 636, Jan. 9, 1917, and
Olson’ l’ 21?, 314, Jan. 16, lq17 , 361 -6c.
Claims 1, 3, 4, and 7 are oaoh rejected on Browne.
Claims 3, 4, and 7 are further -ejected an net natentnbly
distinguished.
Claims 3, 0, 6, 8 and 33 are rejected on either Power,
Seager or Sly.
Claims 5 and 8 are further rejected an not patentr-.bly
distinguished.
Claims 9 and 16 are rejected on Seager or Sly. The exact
relation of the relative movements of the operating member and
the valve is held to be a matter of degree only, by no means a
patentable distinction.
Claims 9 and 16 are further rejected ns not patent ably
distinguished.
-.Claim 10 is rejected on Seager. The statement, of "balanc
. ing" incorporated in the olaim is also a matter of degree only.
Claims 11 and 13 are rejected on Hinton 938, 838, and are
further rejeoted ae praotically Identical.
Ho. 280, 536... 3.
Olalms 13, 14 and 16 are rejected on either Powers or
Seager.
Olalms 14 and 16 are also rejected on Browne.
Claims 17 and 18 aro rejected on Power, This ’eferenco
shown the cora'olnatlon on whioh the olalm in based. The
substitution of a blf f -rent specif ioraeans for actuating
the valve, a means similar to that shown by Sly, does not
produce a new combination; ox parte Mura ford, BOS, O.G. 878.
Claim IS is rejected on La Ohapelle.
Claims 20 to 33 are rejected on Winton st al., or on
Soager, the devices shown by the reference so closely
resembling applicant's as to bo equally capable of performing
the functions set forth in the claim.
Claim 34 is rejooted on Sly in view of Powers. The
latter reference showing the use of a movable it ember in the
main air intake of a carbureter t,o control the admission of
auxiliary air between the carburet.;?: and the engine, no in¬
vention is involved in using the specific valve of Sly for
that purpose.
Claims 36 and 37 are met in terms by Sanger and are
rejooted.
Claim 36 is mat in t-.rma by Sly and i»i rejected.
As yet no references have been found to meet Claim 39.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Piled Mar oh 4, 1919
Serial Ho. 280,526
Room No. 278
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATEN T3,
SIR:
In reaponse to the Office aotlon of
September 9, 1919, please amend the above entitled case,
as follows:
/
Change the title of the application to - FUEL
MIXTURE REGULATORS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES - .
Cancel the word "me te ring" In the following
places: Page 5, lines 13 and 24. page 6, lines 8 and 9.
V \/ l/
page 8, lines 3 und 21. Page 9, line 12. Page 11, line 9.
JgV^ 12,
line B^/
page 7^11ne 4, after "raerabe
Insert - 5 - .
Page 8^ line 21, oanoel "5" and Insert - 16 - .
,de^22, oanoel "gas" and Insert - fuel ■
page 9, line
Line b 23 and 24, cancel "While there wlll^b'e a considerable
vacuum produced In the Intake 2". 1 Line 24, ohange "when"
to - When - . Line 27, oanoel "suoh vacuum" and Insert
- any vacuum prodpded In the Intake 2 - .
J Page 10, oanoel lines B.te 17 Inclusive. Line
18, oanoel "In starting the engine". Same line, change
"with" 'to - With - . Line 19, after "necessary" Insert
In starting - .
cancel "entering the curburetor and" and
;ors the primary air Injet of the oarbu-
i throttle ] ["
ire tor jj
uuiniuiiiiiii uuiuiaujjj.uauiuii uHuween i.na carpuretor _
-JB”a supply oondult, - f~ some 5 fine, after "member" Insert
- raovably mounted In the -primary air Inlet of the carbu-
1/
re tor and - . lino 4, oanqal "the main" and Insert
/ (/
- said primary 4 . lines 4 and 5, canool "of the carbu¬
retor". line 7, after "conduit" Insert - at a point on
the engine side of said throttle - .
Claim 3, llneB^3 and 4, cancel "controllable by-
the velocity" and Insert - mounted for pivotal movement In
the path - . line 4, canoel "carburetor" and Insert
III - primary air JLnle t_of ..the carburetor e
to the Impact of said air and be moved
■ed jibout Its pivot t
1 position dependent upon the velocity thereof. -
mcel line 5 and Insert In place
" pivotal movement In the primary air
Inlet of the oarburetor so as to be subjected to the Impact
of the air entering said Inlet and be moved about Its
pivot to a position depending upon the velocity of said
air, said member being -
Claim 6, lines 3 and 4, oanoel "controllable ' by
the velocity of the air entering the carburetor" and Insert
In place thereof -imounted for pivotal movement In the
(P t
m\r
primary air Inlet of the carburetor so aa to be subjected
to the Impact of the air entering said Inlet and be moved
thereby about Its pivot to a posltLon dependent upon the
velocity of said ulr •
Canoed olalra 7.
Claim 8, ilne 3, before "an" Insert -/a throttle |
controlling communication between said carburetor and fuel j
supply oondult, - . / SameUneT after "conduit" Inserter ‘at !
a point on the engine side of Bald throttle - . Line 4,
cancel "movable by the /dir entering" and Insert - movably .
mounted In - . Lins B. before "for" Insert - and con¬
trolled In Lts movement by the velocity of the air entering j
said Inlet - . j
Cancel olalms 13.' and 12.
l/ i
Claim 13, line 3, oanoel "air entering" and Insert
- veloolty of the air as It enters - . Line 5, after the
comma (,) Insert - said moans being so arranged that the
actions thereon of said velocity and vaouum are opposed - .
Claim 14, line 3, before "air" Insert - veloolty
Llne^lC oanoel "amount of air entering the
of the
carburetor" and Insert admission of additional air to the
fuel mixture In said oondult, said means being so arranged
that the aotlons of said veloolty and vaouum thereon are
opposed, - . _ / - - - -
Claim 15, line 3, oanoel "air entering" and Inserj;
- veloolty of^tpo air aB It enters the primary air lnlp-t
0f _ , line 4, after "and" Insert - by - . Line 6,
after "adji^tablo" Insert - Independently of said devloe - ■
the latter
Claim 16, line 3, before "a" Insert - a throttle
valve controlling communication between said carburetor and
supply conduit, - . Line 6, after "conduit” Insert - at
a point on the engine sl^a of said throttle - .
Claim 13, line 5, cancel "an upright transverse
position therein" and Insert - a posit Lon ^therein normal to
the path of flow of the air - . ' lines 0 and 9, cancel
"such upright" and insert - said - .
Cancel a^hlm^l9.
Claims 20, 21 and 22, lino 4, before "air" Insert
- primary - . Same lino, after "occurs" insert - while
leaving the major /portion of said Inlet and intake unob-
0 an cel claim 23.
Claim 24, lino 9, cancel "pin slidably mounted"
and Insert - valve - line J.3, oancel "pin^aLid Insert
- valve - . line 14, cancel "sliding". Same line,
oancel "pin" and insert - valve - . llwe 15, after the
| comma (,) insert - Csald valve being' so 'arranged that when
Pthe tube is connected to Bald intake any vacuum In the
Claim /JaB, lino 2, bcfoi
other end of said tube ■
Claim 26, , line 4, after "coni
- . line1' 7, after "mombers"
'mombers" Insert - through the
other end of said tube -/
after "connected" insort - at
one end - . Lines 9Mnd 10, cancel "comprising a oam
connecting said members whereby a uniform degree of
movement of one" and Insert - connecting said members
through the other end of said tube, said means comprising
a oam whereby a uniform degree of movement of one of said
members - .
Claim 28, line 9, after "a" Insert - single - .
Renumber olalms 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13 to 18, 20 to
22 and 24 to 29 as 4 to 23 Lnoluslve respectively.
Add the following olalms :
T ' '
The combination of a oarburetor of an
Internal combustion engine, the fuel supply oondult lead¬
ing therefrom, a tllri^ttle, valve controlling communication
between said carburet orttnd supply oondult, and means bon-
trolled by tho vvdlSbtt^cf tha^alr as It enters the primary
air Inlet of the oarburetor and by^he vacuum ih Said
supply conduit., on the. .engine side of sald^ttjrottle valve
for controlling the supplying of additional alr^to^the
fuel mixture In oaLd. supply oondult, substantially ah'-
described.
.... H2-'
T5ST The combination of a oarburetor of an
Internal 'oombustlon engine, the fuel supply oondult lead¬
ing therefrom, a titbijlar member connected at one end to
said fuel supply oondulb'-f or supplying additional air to
the latter, a valve member for'oqntroll Ing the flow of suoh
additional air through said tubular member and a member
movably. mounted Jnfhe-,prlmary air Iniet Af the^oarbure tor
and adapted to be moved by the air as It enters saia^ln-
let and when so moved to open said valve member, sald>'\^
members being operatively oonneoted throughthe. other end of|
said tubular member, substantially as dcsorlbed.
it-
buretor of gn In-
Y conduit leading
one end portion to
ddltlonul air to the
he flow of such
er, said valve
ending from the
• and Into the
ms comprising e
id adapted to be .
said means being j
t such movement of ,
b wLll effect open- |
tan t la'll y as do- |
. ',,>r . V
P ' JZT~. The combination of a carburetor of an
internal oombustlon engine, eUuel supply conduit leading
therefrom, a tubular member connected at one end portion |
to said fuel supply oondult foA supplying additional air j
to the latter, a valve for controlling the flow of suoh j
additional air through said tubular member, slidably j
mounted in the latter and extend Ink from the other end j
portion thereof Into the main air ike t of the carburetor, j
and a blade pivotally mounted on aalil extending portion
of the valve In said main air Inlet Adapted to be moved j
about Its pivot by the air entering sa\d Inlet, said .
Wade having a cam ooaotlng with the adjacent end of j
said tubular member whereby pivotal movement of said
blade; will effect oprnlng movement of salk valve, sub¬
stantially as described. \
6
I.u I
uX combustion
ited to be con- J
:e of the engine, j
through the tubu- !
ilafle wlthotit said ,
dd valve through !
caber, Bald o on- j
Lade Is mounted
about such pivot j
3 desorlbed. j
V ^/U' Z-/ ..|!-
29. An attachment for Internal oombustldn j
engines comprising a tubulaiy member -dapted to be oonr ; ;
•nootod at one end portion wltV tho Intake of the engine, j
a valve member for control;! lng \he flow of air through j
the tubular member toward said erra. portion land having a i
portion extending beybnd the other Nona portion of the tubu- j
. lar member^, a blade pivotally- mounted, on said extending por- i
tion.of the valve member, and means whtereby pivotal movement,
of said bla'de effects movanont of the valve member, subBtan-j
tially as described. \
30. An attachment for internal combustion
engines comprising a tubular member adapted to be oon- !
neoted at one end portion wfHi the intake of the engine, j
a valve (meraberJfor o on trolling: the How of air through
the tubular me i* er Ipoward said\nd portion <and having a !
portion extending beyond the otheNr end portion of the tubu¬
lar member?, a blade pivotally mounted on said extending por¬
tion of the valve member, said blade\being provided with a
oam oo-operating with the adjacent enayof the tubular memberl
whereby pivotal movement of the blade effects movement of the
valve member, substantially as described \ j
The application has teen amended to overcome the
objections thereto made on the first page and in the first
paragraph on the seoond page of the last Offloe action.
The cancellation by this amendment of any matter originally
presented In this application Is not to be construed as an
admission of the incorrectness thereof. Fven If there Is
doubt about the theory of operation of applicant's device,
this doubt does not extend to the efficient operation there- |
of In accomplishing the desired results, as applicant has j
disposed of thousands of these devloes and they have given j
universal satisfaction. All such devices which have been
correctly applied to and used on Internal combustion en- •
glnes, have resulted In a great saving In fuel under all
oondltLons of use.
It Is not apparent that the use of the torm "In¬
stalments” in line 2. page 12. is either Incorrect or Inapt
and the objection thereto Is not, therefore, understood.
Applicant's device Is radically different both
in operation and principle from that disclosed In any of
the references of record. These references generally fall
to disclose devloes whose operation In admitting additional
aLr to the fuel mixture, Is dependent on and oontrolled by
both the velocity of the air as It enters jhe._maln_alr
primary air Inlet of the carburetor and by the vacuum In
the intake on the engine side of the throttle, or a devLce
of this oharaoter the arrangement of which Is such that the
action of the vacuum In the Intake opposes the action of the
veloolty of tha air entering the primary air Inlet of the i
carburetor, or such a devloo comprising a member mounted j
In the primary air Inlet and acting as a choke throttle I
to vary the effective area if such Inlet. j
Bach of the claims as now presented describes j
one or more of the distinguishing features of applicant's j
Invention.
Claim 1 distinguishes from Browne of record by I
specifying that the means controlled by the velocity of !
the air as . It ..enters the primary air Inlet of the oarbu- j
rotor Is also dlreotly controlled by the vaouum In the j
fuel supply conduit leading from the oarburetor for oon- j
trolling the proportion of air In the fuel mixture. In
the device of Brovme part 3 Is the mixing chamber of the
oarburetor. and the auxiliary air admitting meanB Is also
a part of the carburetor. This reference falls to dls-
olose a oonetruotlon whereby the auxiliary air admitting
means Is In any way controlled by the vaouum In the In¬
take, that Is, by the vaouum In the pipe on the engine
side of the throttle valve 4. Moreover, there Is even,
no appreciable control o*f this air admitting moans by
the vacuum In the mixing chamber 3 for no means Is shown
establishing communication between the oharaber 3 and the |
chamber In which the diaphragm 17 Is disposed. As a mat- ,
ter of fact the upper portion of the diaphragm chamber Is
In dlreot communication with the atmosphere, and accord¬
ingly the movement of tho diaphragm 17 Is controlled only
by the veloolty of the air through the Venturi 2 past
the nozzle 18.
Claim 2 as now presented Is believed to bo clearly;
allowable. ThLs olalm distinguishes from Power by specify- |
ing a member movably mounted In the primary air Inlet of the j
carburetor and, controlled by the velocity of the air enter-
lng said Inlet for controlling the effective area of suoh
inlet and also for controlling the supplying of additional .
air to the fuel mixture In the fuel supply conduit at a j
point on the engine side of the throttle valve. In power ,
the chamber to whloh the . auxiliary air la admitted. Is a j
part of the oarburotor, as Is also the reclprooatory or
slidable member controlling the admission of such air to j
said chamber. Moreover no such auxiliary air Is admitted!
into. Power's carburetor until after the effective area ||;
of the primary air Inlet thereof Is at Its maximum by j j
reason of the upward movement of the member 16. At this !
point the member 16 Is no longer mounted .In the primary air J-
inlet of the carburetor. This olalm also clearly dls-
tlngulshes from a eager and Sly Ln both of whloh the pivoted ^
member whLoh controls the auxiliary air Inlet devloo. Is ;
mounted In the fuel supply conduit be tween the carburetor - ;
and the engine. Accordingly, this member In neither case jU
'j is controlled by the velocity of the air entering the |
j primary air Inlet of tho carburetor, and does not control th<|
|| effective area of suoh Inlet. Therefore this member In ! j
I tbe constructions of Sly and Seager, as distinguished from ,
the member described Ln olalm 2, cannot act as a choke j ;
throttle. Moreover, the posltLon of the blades disclosed j J
Ln Sly and Seager Ln the fuel supply oonduLt leading . from j
the carburetor to the engine Ls very ob jeotlonable due to
the fact that the passageway ln said conduit Is obstructed ,
thereby, thus Interfering with the free flow of the fuel |
mixture through the oondult. The oross-seot tonal areas j
of such conduits are very closely figured to give the j
bast results with a free unobstructed flow therethrough. j
Claim a distinguishes from Browne Ln a manner |
similar to that Indicated above ln oonneotLon with claim 1, j
and also by specifying that the member controlling the ,
supplying of additional air to the fuel mixture Is mounted j
for pivotal movement In the path of the air entering the j
primary air Inlet. As distinguished from applicant's U |
device, no movement of the part 16 of Powers Is effected, ) j
by the lmpaoteol'°the air entering the main or Inlet 3. j
Claims 4, 5 and 6, former claims 5, 6 and 8 j
respectively, distinguish from power, Seager and Sly In j
a manner similar to that Indicated above In oonneotlon j
with olalm 8. j
__<=-2^0Xa"lm 7, former olalm 9, distinguishes from j
Seager and Sly by specifying that ^t he member which controls,
or effects the opening movement ofjwixllLary air Inlet
thereof Is mounted for movement In
the o arbur e tar -and— 1 s movable byj*e _.alr_e_nt_er ln.g..sald
inlet. The mounting of the member in this position accom¬
plishes a result not possible In the devices of Sly and | ,
Seager as described above In oonneotlon with claim 2.__^
Claim 8, former claim 10, distinguishes from
seager In a manner similar to that Indicated In oonneotlon
with claims 2 and 7.
11
Claim 9, former olalm 13, distinguishes from
Power and seager by specifying that the aotlons of the
velocity of the air entering the oarhureter and the
vacuum In the fuel supply conduit on the means for
controlling, the effective area of the main air Inlet are
opposed. As Indloatod above. Seager falls to disclose
any meanB for controlling the effeotlve area of the main
air Inlet of the oarburetor and moreover any vaouum whloh
may exist between the valve 30 and the engine assists the
velocity of tho flow of the fuel mixture In oponlng this
valve. In powerfe devloe the reolprooatory valve member
1b not controlled by the vaouum In the fuel supply oon- .
dult, and moreover any vaotium whloh may exist In tho
upper portion or mlxLng chamber of tho carburetor of
power assists the air entering the oarburetor In moving!
said reolprooatory member.
Claim 10, former claim 14, distinguishes from
power and Seager In a manner similar to that Indicated In
connection with olalm 9. Furthermore, Power falls to
show means for controlling the admission of additional
atr to the fuel supply conduit as speolfled In this olalm.
Tn the devloe of Bro7mo, on whloh this olalm was also re¬
jected, no additional air la admitted to tho fuel supply
conduit. Furthermore, the means for admitting additional
aLr into the mixing chamber of Browne's carburetor Is not
controlled by the vaouum In the fuel supply oondult nor
■by the vaouum In the mixing chamber.
Olalm 11, former olalm 15, distinguishes from
the raferencos cited thereagalnst by specifying that the
devloe for controlling the proportion of aLr In the fuel
12
mixture Is controlled by the velocity of the air as It
enters tho primary air Inlet of the oarburetor and by the
vacuum In the fuel supply oondult. This olalm further
distinguishes from the references by specifying means ad¬
justable Independently of the device for controlling tho
fuel mixture to regulate the aotlon of suoh device.
Claim 12, former claim 16, clearly distinguishes
from Seager and Sly by describing tho member which effects
movement of the auxiliary air Inlet .valve as mounted In
the main air Inlet of the oarburetor to oontrol the ef- *
festive area thereof.
Claim 13, formor olalm 17, dearly distinguishes J
from Power and Sly, neither of which discloses the member
for effecting movement of the air Inlet valve so connected
with the latter as to effect opening movement thereof when
moved In either direction from a given position. Sly also
falls to show a member mounted In the main air Inlet of the
oarburetor for effecting movement of the air Inlet valve.
Tho rejection of this olalm under the decision of ox parte
Mumford Is not understood for, as Indicated, power falls
to dlBdose the combination described In this claim, and
moreover It Is not at all obvious how the pivoted blade of
Sly could bo utilized In the device of Power to effect move¬
ment of the reolprooatory valve member.
Olalm 1.4, former olalm 18, distinguishes from the
references and should be allowed for reasons similar to
those cited in oonneotlon with olalm 13.
Claims 15, 16 and 17, former claims 20, 21 and 22
respectively, differentiate from Wilton et al. and Seager,
each of which falls to disclose means which Is effective to
13
prevent flame being expelled from the air Inlet of the j
jar bur e tor when a back-fire oooura and at the same time j
Leaves the major portion of said Lnlet and the Intake un- !
jbstruoted. It will bo obvious that If a baok-f Ire ooourrejl
Ln either of the devices of Seagor or wlnton. et al. . the j
respective valve 30 or G would Immediately be moved to a j
position substantially closing the passageway In which the
3ame Is mounted.
Claim 18, former claim 24, Is thought to patent- |
ably distinguish from Power and 3ly. As Indicated above, j
It Is not obvious how the pLvoted blade 30 of Sly oould be j
used in the device of Power to effect movement of the re-
jLpr'ooatory valve member, in this connection It Is to be j
noted that part 16 of Power's device which extends Into the
primary air Inlet, Is not acted upon by the entering air ,
to effect opening movement of the roolprooatory valve mem-
Moreover, neither power nor Sly dlsoloses an ar¬
rangement in which a vacuum In the Intake will act to op¬
pose opening movement of the air lnlet valve. j
Claims IS, 20 and Cl, former claims 25, 26 end 27 j
respectively, as now presented, clearly distinguish from the j
references cited thereagalnst by specifying that the tube j
Ls adapted to be connected at one end with the Intake or j
manifold of the engine and that the valve member for con- j
trolling the passageway of said tube or the flow of air, j
and the member adapted to be movably mounted In the air j
inlet of the carbureter or the member mounted In the j
tubular section, are connected
I paid tube. ,
14
V
It Is thought that claim 22, former claim 28, i
distinguishes from Sly In the form In whloh It was orlgl- I
nally presented, it certainly requires a very strained
construction of sly to road the same upon the terms of this
claim. For example, , sly falls to disclose anj mem¬
ber, other than a scotlon of the fuel supply conduit of
the engine, corresponding to the tubular seotlon specified
In this claim. Moreover, this patent falls to disclose a
single device having the double funotlon of limiting the
movement of members 11 .and 30 and preventing all movements
thereof other than In given directions.
Hew olalms 24 to 30 presented herewith are
thought to be clearly allowable and are considered necessary
In order to adequately proteot applicant' In his Invention.
None of the references discloses means controlled
by the velocity of the air as It enters the prltmry air j
Inlet of the carburetor and by the vaouum In the fuel sup¬
ply conduit on the engine side of the throttle valve for
controlling the supplying of additional air to the fuel
mixture In said supply conduit, as speolflod In claim 24.
B'aoh of olalms 25 to 30 describes specific
feuturos of applicant's device found In none of the refer¬
ences of record, and are clearly allowable theraover.
In view of the above, further consideration and i
allowance are requested.
Hespeotfully submitted, /
THOMAS A. EDISON, JR. f
By
Orange, M. j. , His Attorney Hi
>> \\
January 1920. . \
WH-E3
3dl b on Admin is t a at.l g_n Blfljj
Orange. IT. J. ’ . . . . -
Please find below a communication from the EXAM I HER in charge of the application of
Shomas A Edison, Jr., filed I&r. 4. 1013. Sor. So. _ jB30,.62&._;Eo;c _
i Engiaos. . . .
Commissioner of Patents.
In response to amendment of January 9, 1920,
'throughout the description, tho words "or pin" in tho expression
"valve monitor or pin" should he eunoolled, Such altornativo
expressions Should ho avoided.
''In the title of tho invonti on, "fuel mixture regulators" should
ha auxiliary sir bo only.
'/in tho deraor' ption, page 1, line 15, "beginning "greater"
cancel the rest of tho paragraph and substituto lass fuel will he
required for a nr iron power.
--isho matter beginning in line 17 of the samo page, and extending
through page 2 lias been oai efnlly reviewed, ana as a result, is
required to he cm called, TMb matter contains applicant's theoriae
of tho operation of an intorndl-combuHtlon engine, which may or mqr
not he correct, for while applicant states that they are "hasod on
a long series of experiments", applicant fails to give any reference
to the details of his experiments and Ms conclusions are not
substantiated by tho published details of the work of Others.
'7 She insertion of the worts "in starting", in line 19 of page ;
10 Booms Improper, An engine is started from rest, while the
aotlon described in the lines following will take place whenever
Burficient speed is attained. The words JLg ghotiU he
I’uol Uixturos Itegulatora for Intornal Oomhuatii
8
inserted after "throttle", in lino 27 of this page,
With reference to the objection to the use of tho torm
"instalment", page 18, line 2, applicant 3ms apparently used this
as a synonym for installation. Tho use of this latter tone to
done to on -aesemblago of luaohlnory seoras to "os considered of
doubtful proprioby, while the Examiner has found no authority
M5”
Goodrldgo
‘vn:m
a 15,439
251-132
whatever for’ so uaiigg" instalment . ”
She following additional rofarenoes are cited:-
Sln: ?i; leM
July 5, 1856
In view of tho excessive number of claims, which have boaa
presented in this-oe.ee, tho claims are all rejected as failing to
comply with the requirements of Sec. 4880, E. S., on tho authority
of Victor Co. vs. Edison, Inc., 881 0. 3., 331, wherein the
Court -said: "Such claims violate the vary purpose of ary oleins
at all,. * Attontion is also called to tho roeont
decision of tho Srpiemo Court of the U. S., Chapman et al, vs.,
V.'introath, 878 0. 913, particularly to the fij’st jaragrsph of •
the decision.
Claim 1 is again rejected onihrov.ne, of record. It is called
to applicant's attention that the auxiliary air valve in this
patent is opened against the effect of the vacuum in the carbure¬
ter passages, the same- as in applicant’s device.
Claims 3, £ and 5 ere eaoh rejected on either Soager or Sly
of record, in view of Browne. Jill that the so claims cover is tho
substitution of the mechanical vane of Seagor or Sly for tho
Vordpri and fluid-pressure motor of Browne.
^ Claims 3 ana 4* are further rejected as practically Identical,
' claim 5, differing from claim ». by the inclusion of on
additional old element!. , a regulating moans, is further rejected
as not patentable over olaim 3, . .
v Claims 2 ana 6 are rejeotod as practically identical, Tho
subjoot matter of these claims at present appears patentable.
r' /
Claims 7, IS, 14, 15, 16, 17 ana 82 are each again rejected^
on the ground8j( for, rejection of record against them. J)/
Claims 9, 10, and\ll are each rejected on Hotsinger, cited.
^ i
Claims 9' ana 10 g.ro farther rpjectod as practically idontical .
Claims 12, 18 to 23. and 27 are eaoh rejected as being for
ag .rogations of unrelated elements. Ho cooperation is possi hie
between the details of the structure of the valve and the details
of the piping and carbureter to which it is connected, all of which
have been inoorpoxatod>in these claims. )
Claims l>f to 81 aro eaoh further rejected and claims .28 and
26 aro rejected oh 8 eager, of record, in view of either Spray or
Olson, also of record. She latter references showing devices in
which a device responsive to conditions anterior to the throttle
controls tho admission of auxiliary air beyond the tjirottle, no
invention Is .involved in connecting the device of boager .to food
air at tho point shown by ^ho other roferoiicyjs-j -
Claims |f and £l"and claims glfand 20 are further rejected as
practically identical. —(**■««£<£■%/
'4laim PA is rejected on Browno, in visv/ of either Spray or
Olson, for rasonnsfully 3et forth in tho rejection of claims 18 to
i, above. —
c?
Claims 28 to 80 are eaoh rejected on either Coffin or Goodridgp, •
oitod. The structure covered by these claims is that of a more
valve, not to be disguised by statements of the use to which
anoilcant wits it. These claims are each, further rejected as
practically identical.
The subjeot matter of claim 8 ad pres on-; appears patentable.
21 end £5 and K
July
2, 1920.
Hon. Commissioner of patents,
Washington, D. C.
Sir:
Please permit the Norris peters Company to- Inspect
the application of Phomas A. Edison, Jr., entitled Fuel lllxturo
Regulators for Internal Combustion Engines, Serial Ho. 280,526,
filed March 4, 1919, and to withdraw the drawing In this case for
tho purpose of mailing copies thereof for foreign patent appli¬
cations.
Respectfully,
vra-Es
July G, 1920
Hon. CommLsa Loner of Patents,
Washington, 1). C.
Sir:
I enclose Herewith a line copy of the application, as
filed, of Thomas A. Batson, jr. , Serial lio. 280, 52G, filed March
4, 1919, for the purpose of cortlf Loatlon, It Is requested that
a print of the druwLng he added to this copy and the same then
certified and nailed to William A. Hardy, Caro of Thomas A.
Kdtson, ino. , orange, H. -J. It la also requested that this
matter ho given prompt attention as the certified copy Is to
he used Ln a foreign application Which must ha filed at an
early date Ln order to secure the advantages of the internation¬
al convention.
Kindly advise William A. Hardy of the charge for
the above and he v/lll Immediately aena a check Ln payment. /
rc spe at fully, / 1
Bnc.
WH-KS
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
FUEL MIXTURE REGULATORS FOR
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Room Hq_ 27a_
Filed March 4, 1919
Serial No. 200,526.
I HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR: .
In response to the Office aotion of
I April 7, 1920, please amend the above entitled case, as
follows: /
Change the title of the application to -
AUXILIARY AIR SUPPLY MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
' page 1, line 13, cancel "greater" and insert
-/less fuel will be required for a given power. - . Same
, oanoel lines 14 to 25 inclusive.
Canoed page 2'.
Page" 3, lines 3 and 4. cancel "whereby the fore-
j going objections are obviated any.
j j Page o , lines \J and 24, ^ ^
II 27, page, 7 , line 10, p^ge 8, liny Zy ltf yd 21, pagey .
lines 11 and 12, pay 11, lines 8, 9 and 24 and page 12,
J line"^, canoel ,"or pln"y/
Page 7, line 1, canoel "pin" and insert - valve
1 member y J
Page 10, cancel line '19 and all amendments thereto
and insert - itlon shown in Fig. 1, it la necessary that the
!| engine - .
y /y
;e 6, lines 8, 9 anc
(i
- impao t -
Page 10, line 27, after "throttle" insert - in
tar ting - . y^.
Page 12, line 2, cano'el "instalments and", line
, before !'by'^/nsert - of use - .
Claim 1, line 3, oancel "velocity" ana insert
Cancel claims 4,
Claim line 4,
Renumber claims
5 and 6.
before "air" insert - impact of
■J y
ns^.7 and, 8 as^,4 and 5 respectively.
Cancel claims 9, H), and^ll^, ^ ^ ^
Renumber claims 12, 13, 14 and 15 as 6, 7, 8 and
|j9 respectively. y/
Canoel claim 16 .^/ y
Renumber claim 17 as claim 10.
y y „ y ^ y -/
Cancel/claims 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23.
Claim 24,/ line 5, oanoel "velocity" and insert -
Renumber this oil
impact -
"T
Renumber olaim 25 as claim 12.
ir
claim, 11.
y y
Cancel claims 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30.
REMARKS
The specification has been amended in accordance
Elth the suggestions on page 1 of the Office action of April
, 1920. line 2 of page 12 has also been revised so as to
eet the Examiner's objeotion’thereto.
Applicant has greatly reduo ed the number of olaims
land the application, as now presented, is believed to oomply
fully with the requirements of Seotion 4888 R.3.
It la submitted that Claim 1 clearly and patentably
distinguishes from Browne of record. The device disclosed by
this patent is a oarburetor pure and simple; the part 3 of
Browne being the mixing chamber of the oarburetor and the
Venturi being the means for drawing the liquid fuel into the
oarburetor and oarbureting the same. The valve 13 of Browne
is a valve for controlling the admission of auxiliary air
into a part of the carburetor itself, namely, the mixing
chamber 3. and not a valve which oontrols the admission of
additional air to the fuel mixture at a point beyond the oar¬
buretor, such as into the Intake. Browne also fails to dis¬
close any means directly controlled by the impact of the air
as it enters the primary inlet for controlling the amount of
air in the fuel mixture supplied to the engine . If a member
operable by the impact of air'' entering the oarburetor were
disposed in the Venturi of Browne, it is not obvious how such j
member would be connected to the valve 13 of Browne to oontro^
the latter, furthermore , if such a member were disposed in
the Venturi tube of Browne, it is submitted that it would
interfere greatly with the proper carburization of the liquid
fuel and would, as a matter of fact, render Browne's device
impractical for use as a carburetor. Browne also falls to
disclose the auxiliary air admitting meanB as controlled by
the vaouum in the fuel supply conduit leading from the
oarburetor, as specified in thlB olaim. Applicant is
I thoroughly familiar with the types of carburetors wherein air
is admitted to the mixing chambers of such carburetors
through a primary or main air" inlet and one or more auxiliary
air inlets. His device, however, is entirely different from
these carburetors in that the auxiliary air is not admitted
I to the carburetor hut to the fuel supply conduit at a point
heyona the oarhuretor. 'and the admission thereof Is controller
hy a member looated In the primary air inlet of the oarhuretor;
and operable by the Impact of" the air entering suoh Inlet and
also by the vaouum in said supply oonduit. The effect pro-
jduoed by utilizing the vacuum' in the fuel supply oonduit,
especially at a point beyond the throttle valve, is entirely^
different from the effect produced by utilizing the vaouum
in a part of the carburetor, such as the mixing ohamber.
The Examiner has rejeoted claim 3 on the ground
that it covers merely the substitution of the mechanical vane
of Seager or Sly for the Venturi and fluid-pressure motor of
Browne. It is respectfully submitted that if tho Venturi
and fluid-pressure motor of Browne were replaced by the vane
of either Seager or Sly, Browne's device would be rendered
wholly inoperative, as there Would then be no effective car¬
burization of the liquid fuerbecause of the absence of the
Venturi. Moreover, the substitution of either Sly's or
Seager's device for the Venturi and fluid -pressure motor of
Browne would merely result in choking the primary air inlet
of Browne, and the auxiliary air would be admitted directly
into the primary air inlet and not into the fuel supply
conduit beyond the carburetor. In the further consideration
of Claim 3, the Examiner is also requested to carefully con¬
sider the remarks made' above in connection with Claim 1.
Claim 4 stands rejected on either Seager or Sly.
Each of these references clearly fails to disclose the inven¬
tion described in this claim. In both Seager and Sly the
vane controlling the admission of auxiliary air into the
intake or fuel supply conduit is located directly in said \
intake and beyond the carburetor. As was pointed out in the
remarks accompanying the ■ amendment of Jan. 9. 1920. the J
positioning of such a vane in' the intake or fuel supply j
I-nduit is highly objectionable. Moreover. ' the vane of J
ager. as well os that of Sly. would have an altogether J j
fferent effect on the air entering the carburetor if dis- j
ised in the main or primary air inlet. The Examiner has j
lilad to cite a single reference disclosing a member or vajie
junted for movement in the primary air inlet and movable by
ie intact of the air entering such inlet, which member I
ontrols an auxiliary air inlet valve for admitting addlticn-
! mr into the fuel supply conduit onla^begondjh
arburetor. This claim should, therefore, be allowed.
It is submitted that Claim 6. former Claim 12, does
l0t cover an aggregation of unrelated elements as stated by
;he Examiner, and that it includes no details of the piping
md carburetor to which applicant's auxiliary air inlet de¬
nse is applied. Applicant has found it highly essential in
,rder to attain the best results that the member for control¬
ling the auxiliary air inlet valve be movably mounted in the
primary air inlet of the carburetor so as to control the
effective area of the latter/ and that the auxiliary air be
admitted to the fuel supply conduit on the engine side of
the throttle. All the elements recited in this claim
cooperate in producing the desired results; and. if the
Examiner persists in rejecting this claim on the ground
stated in the last Office action, it is respectfully re¬
quested that he indicate wherein the elements included there-
in are unrelated.
Claims 7 and 8 are believed to clearly and patent-
ably distinguish from Power and Sly, on which they stand
rejected, neither of these references discloses a structure
wherein opening movement of the auxiliary air Inlet valve is
effected by movement of a member or blade In either direction
from a given position. When member 16 of Power moves up. the
auxiliary inlet valve Is opened, and when such member moves
downwardly. this valve is closed. The same Is true of Sly’s
device. It is also not apparent how the vane of Sly could
he embodied in the carburetor of Power so as to effect move¬
ment of the member 13 of Power. Furthermore, Power discloses
a carburetor and nothing more. She additional air in Power’s
device is admitted into a part of the carburetor, namely, the
mixing chamber, and not into the intake or fuel supply oon-
Iduit beyond the oarburetor. .
neither Vinton et ai, nor seager discloses means
effective to prevent flame being expelled from the primary
inlet when a backfire occurs frhlle leaving the maj)or portion
of the inlet and intake unobstructed, as specified in Claims
9 and 10. In the structures of both of these references the
valve, in oase of backfire, would be moved to a position
substantially closing the passage-way in which the valve is
located, and accordingly there would be no provision for the
egress of the air as in applicant's device. !
It is submitted that Claims 11 and 12 pa tent ably
distinguish from Browne. Spray. Olson and Seager, cited
thereagainsti Bach of these ieferenoes fails to disclose
means controlled by the impact of the air as it enters the
nrlmary air inlet of the oarburetor for controlling the
supplying of additional air to the fuel mixture. Moreover,
none of these references dlsoloses means operable by the air
entering the primary air inlet of the oarburetor for control¬
ling the supplying of additional air to the fuel supply
conduit leading from the carburetor, or to suoh conduit at
a point therein beyond the throttle valve. It is not at all
obvious how the structures of Browne, Spray, Olson and Seageri
may be combined or modified in view of each other so as to |
produce the structure .described in either of Claims 11 and 12
without the exercise of Invention, and if the Examiner per¬
sists in rejecting either of: these claims on any of these
references, it is requested that he explain how this might be
done .
Applicant’s device is radically different in con¬
struction. principle and operation from the devices disclosed
in the references of record. It is essentially a device for
admitting additional air to the intake or fuel supply oonduit
beyond the oarburetor. and preferably at a point beyond the
throttle valve which controls communication between the oar¬
buretor and the intake, and in whioh the amount of air so
admitted is controlled both by the velooity of the air
petering the primary inlet of the carburetor and by the vac¬
uum m the intake in such a manner as to insure the delivery
of the proper fuel mixture tb the engine under substantially
all conditions of use. The means for controlling the admis-
Bion of the additional air preferably comprises a member
mounted' in the^rimary_air^nlet of the carburetor
which is directly subjected to the impact of the entering
air, and whioh. in addition to controlling the admission of
Idditlonal air to the intake, also controls the effective
rrma-seotlonal area of the primary air Inlet of the car-
uretor, acts as a choke valve thus rendering it unnecessary
,o employ the usual choke throttle, and effects the preven¬
ts of flame being expelled ' from the carburetor when a
lackfire occurs while leaving the major portion of the
primary air inlet unobstructed. That applicant's invention
successfully attains these results has been proven by
thousands of devices embodying the invention, which have been
gold and put to praot'ical use.
In view of the above, further consideration and
allowance are requested. ... Seepeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON, JR.
Orange , B . J.
March!/, 1921.
VfAB-K
IN THE UNITED
STATES PATENT OFFICE
I Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
AUXILIARY AIR SUPPLY MEANS FOR
B INTERS AL COMBUSTION ENGIHES
(Filed March 4, 1919
Serial No. 280,526
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PARENTS,
SIR:
Room No. 278
I he reby" constitute and appoint Henry
Lanahan (Registration No. 9871), "hose address is Edison
| Administration Building, Orange. He" Jersey, as my associate
in the above entitled application, to prosecute this applica¬
tion, to make alterations and amendments therein, to receive
the patent and to transact all business in the Patent Office
connected therewith, and I request that all correspondence
be addressed to him.
Respectfully,
Orange, N. J.
May *f, 1921.
. 27B WII/D
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Homy Lanahanr . .
_ Edison IMnAatoa.tilQa.^L^....
Orange, H. 3
Ihomas A. Edison,. Jr., filed 1
for Air Auxi llnry Supply Means for Intornal Combustion anginas
In response to amendment of March 23, 1981.
The following roferanoes are added to the re<
Claims 1, 3 and 11 are each rejected upon Brovme, of
raoord, in view of Seager or Sly, also of reoora. Applicant’s
remarks with reference to Brovme are noted, and it is to he ;
stated that whereas Browne uses a venturi tube both to control
the admission of auxiliary air td the mixture and also the fuel
supply in the mixture, applicant uses another means whioh
reepor.ds to the (velocity] of the air current to control only
the supply of auxiliary air, Brovme thus using one element to',
perform-two functions, while applicant uses separate elements ; ' ,‘-
for eaoh function. Such a procedure cannot be considered to- ' ^
require invention, - ' f
v01aim 8 has been previously indicated to be allowable. \r
It is believed, however, that the phraseology of this claim might T
be Improved by inserting both after "controlling” in line 6, and
substituting and for the expression "said device being adapted /
to control" in line 6, ,
Claim 4 is again rejeoted upon tbs grounds for rejection l ,J-<
hr! fy.f
, . . E /
of record against it ana is further rejected upon the ground
of aggregation, there being no neoessary cooperation between the
Bpeoifio Riiniatiira of the air Inlet valve ana the carbureter
and its associated piping.]
Claim 6 has previously been indicated to be allowable.
Claims 6 to 8, inclusive, are each again rejected on the
grounds for rejection against them, which have boon recited
An the discussion, of claim 4, above. If applicant considers
that invention is involved in operating a valve id this "A
particular' manner, it should be claimed by itself and not~\
in association with a carburetor and its associated piping 1
Claim 0^ is rojooted upon either la Chapelle, if record,
Claim lCfis rejected upon la Chapelle, the valve 13
feeing capable of performing *11 the functions enumerated in
this claim.
Claim IS is again rejected upon the grounds for rejection
of record against it.
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr*
auxiliary air supply means for
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Hoom Ho> 278
Filed Maroh 4, 1919
Serial No. 280,626
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS.
SIR:
In response to the Office Aotlon of
June 8, 1921, please amend the above entitled case as
follows-.
Claim 2, line 5, after "controlling" Insert -
both - . Same line, canoel the comma after "inlet". Line
6 " cancel "said device being adapted to control" and
insert - and - . ^
Canoel olaims 9 and 10.
Renumber claims 11 and 12 as 9 and 10. re¬
spectively.
Add the following olalm:
il'.^The combination of a carburetor of an
internal c ombustl online , the fuel supply conduit lead¬
ing therefrom, and a devioe^oomprlsing a member movably
mounted in the primary air taiet^of the carburetor and
controlled by the velocity of the altering said prim¬
ary air inlet for controlling both the eff^tlv^air of
|| such tale t and the supplying of additional air to he^
|i f^i mixture in said supply conduit, substantially as
| described.
K
REMARKS
The rejection of claims 1 and 3 and claim 9,
former claim 11, on Browne, in view of Seager or Sly. la
believed to be unwarranted. The Examiner apparently
takes the position that applicant merely employs separate
elements to perform two functions in plaoe of a single
element employed by Browne for accomplishing exaotly the
same functions and that such procedure does not involve
invention. As a matter of fact, while Browne and appli¬
cant both utilize the air current to oontrol the admission
of auxiliary air to the mixture and also the fuel supply
in the mixture, in each case separate means responsive
to or controlled by the air current are employed to per¬
form these two fUnotions. Browne utilizes the Venturi
merely to increase the velocity of the air ourrent at a
given point, but the Venturi is not the means which
controls the admission of auxiliary air to the mixture
and the fuel supply in such mixture. In Browne the air
current, the fuel jet 6 and the needle valve 6 comprise
the means for controlling the fuel supply in the mixture;
while nozzle 18, vacuum chamber 16, diaphragm 17, the
valve IS, valve stem 13 and spring 14 oompriBe the means
for controlling the admission of auxiliary air to the
mixture. Browne doos not disclose means controlled by
the impact of the air current for controlling the supply
of auxiliary air in the mixture, nor for reasons which
have been explained in detail in remarks aooompanying
previous amendments, would it be practicable to mount a
vbIvb such as shown by either Seager or Sly in the
Venturi of Browne to oontrol the action of valve 12. Hot
2
swingle one of the references oited against the olaims
under consideration dlsoloses means operable by the Impact
of the air as it enters the primary air inlet of the car¬
buretor to control the supply of auxiliary air to the
fuel mixture. The positioning of the member for control¬
ling the supply of auxiliary air in the primary air inlet
of the carburetor is an important feature of applicant's
invention as this member serves to vary and control the
effective area of such primary air inlet and also aots as
a choke at low engine speeds and in starting. By posi¬
tioning this member in the primary air inlet, applicant
has evolved a new arrangement of parts which results in
markedly Improved results and it is therefore submitted
he is entitled to allowance of claims such as those under
consideration, covering this arrangement. In the further
consideration, of these claims it is requested that the
Examiner oarefully reconsider the remarks accompanying
the amendments of January 9, 1920 and March 22, 1921.
Attention is also dlreoted to the following sections of
tho specification: page 8, lines 10 to 17; page 9, lines
14 to 19; and lines 29 to 30; and page 10, lines 1 to 7 ,
and lines 18 to 28. If, in view of the argument presented
the Examiner still persists in rejecting these olaims, it
is requested that he specifically apply the references
and explain how the structures disclosed in the references
could be oombined in an operative device of the construc¬
tion and arrangement described in these claims without
the exercise of invention.
Applicant falls to understand the rejection of
olaim 4 on either Seager or Sly. In neither of these ref-
erenoes Is the member for controlling or effecting the
opening of the auxiliary air inlet valve mounted for
movement in the primary air inlet of the carburetor ror is
euch member movable by the impact of the air entering the
primary air inlet. As has been previously explained by
the applicant, the mounting of a member such ae member 30
of Seager or member 30 of Sly in the fuel supply oondult
between the carburetor and the engine, is very objection¬
able. Moreover, the action of the current , of air enter¬
ing the primary air inlet of the carburetor on a member
movably mounted in such primary air inlet, such as the
vein or blade 28 of applicant's device, is altogether dif¬
ferent from the aotion of the current of fuel mixture on
a similar member mounted in the fuel supply conduit be¬
tween the carburetor and the engine as in Seager and Sly.
Furthermore , applicant's member for controlling the aux¬
iliary air inlet valve is so positioned as to control the
effective air of the primary air inlet of the carburetor
and to act as a choke, which is not the case either in the
construction disclosed by Sly or that disclosed by Seager.
It iB submitted that claims 4. 6, 7 and 8 do
not cover aggregations, but that each of these claims is
drawn to a true combination. These claims do not recite
the specific structure of the air inlet vulve^ or of the
I carburetor, or of the piping associated with the car¬
buretor. Each of these claims odvers a new combination
of elements in which all the elements oo-operate to pro¬
duce an Improved useful result, namely, the supplying of
s»!:proper amount of additional or auxiliary air to the
of the engine.
fuel mixture under all conditions of use
As WB3 said in the oase of McCormick vs. RohinBon, 124 O.G.
2903, "It is not necessary in a new combination *********
that each element should modify or change the mode of
operation of all the others, but only that the combination
should produoe a new and useful result." It is submitted
that each of the claims under consideration dearly oomes
within the ruling just quoted.
It is again submitted that claim 10. former
claim 12, is not properly anticipated by Seager in view
of either Spray or Olson of reoord. It oertainly is not
at all obvious how the valve 30 of Seager could be
arranged to operate or control the air inlet device of
either Olson or Spray. Moreover, Olson and Spray merely
disclose auxiliary air inlet devices for admitting air to
the fuel supply conduit or intake manifold at a point be¬
yond the usual throttle valve, which devices are controlled
by the suction produoed at a point just below such throttle
valve.
Applicant has repeatedly and in detail indioated
wherein his invention as defined by the olaims differen¬
tiates from the references cited. The references taken
either singly or combined, wholly fail to disclose appli¬
cant's construction and arrangement. The positioning of
the member for controlling the admission of auxiliary air
to the fuel supply oondult,in the primary air inlet of
the carburetor so as to be movable by the impaot of the
air entering such primary air inlet, is considered by the
applicant as a very important feature of his invention,
B
for in addition to controlling the admission of the proper
amount of auxiliary air to the fuel supply oondult, this
member so located serves to control the effective area
of the primary air inlet and acts as a choke valve. This
feature of the invention is Included In practically all
of the present claims, including new claim 11. In view of
the foregoing and unless the Examiner Is able to find
references more pertinent than those of record. It Is sub¬
mitted that each of the claims now presented should be
allowed.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISOn, JR.
By ^/tu^{Lc;ow^. _
" ~fir His Attorney
Orange, H. J«.
May 11, 1922.
W.4H-.K
WM/DeC
Paper No. _
“ The CtomlMbnw of PaUnta,
'Waahlatfm.D.C.,”
^ssSb^.. ‘ i V"1'
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON - Auguat.-i-,.--.!#^-.-
■i-dniijAiutxutfon— h-ldg-,..
■Orange -li-.-- J - - — -
* 2 "1922 V
Please find below a cc
the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
jd..Iixci...4T..ajaa,...biai’— .II«.*._2££),526 -
„JiniajasjB-l»..JBd3.soa>..Jxr-^llQa..a
e-A«3cilla.r-y-Sttpp-l-y-.ils^r»s.-i-ox-.lE.toj5M-l-Gomln;at.3-oR.-]
Committioner of Patent!.
In response to amor. ament of I3ay 20, 1922.
Applicant’s remarks on the rejection of claims 1, S, 4 j
ana 6 to 10, inclusive, have been carefully noted, but fail j
to convince the Examiner that the rejection of those claims ^
iB not well taken, llew claim 11 is substantially the same in \
scope as other claims which have been previously considered.
The claims above mentioned are therefore finally., re jec to d_ on jj
the grounds for rejection already of record.
In line 6 of claim 11, the word "air" has been taken to
bo a typographical error for the word area. This error
should be corrected before any further action is made in this
oase.
Claims 2 and 5 stand allowed.
mo
cMwel -~I a Xu ftte I err, ottctnw
M
■ WF*- '
! LEG a •
AUG8-1922
department
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OMICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
AUXILIARY AIR SUPPLY MEANS POR
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Piled March 4, 1919
Serial No. 280,586
Room No. 278
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS, -
SIR:
In response to the Office notion of
August 2, 1922, please amend the above entitled, case as
follows:
Cancel claims 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11.
Renumber olaims 2 and 5 as i and 2, respectively.
R E M A R K S
Claims 1, 3, 4 and 6 to 11 inolusive are can¬
celled without prejudice. It is believed that the refer¬
ences relied upon by the Examiner in finally rejecting
these claims fail to anticipate such claims in terms or
in substance, and that therefore said olaims are patent-
able over these references. In other words, applicant
wishes it distinctly understood that the cancellation of
these claims is not to be construed as an admission that
the same are met by the references. The applicant has
cancelled these claims because be believes the claims
allowed will afford him adequate proteotLori. in his inven¬
tion.
Allowance of this application 1b requested.
Orange , N . J.
October 2,
WAH-.K
1922.
REMITTING THE FINAL FEE GIVE THE SERIAL NUMBER AT THE HEAD OF THIS NOTICE.
Itt OF PATENTS.
Serial No. :
.82
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
l'homas A. Edison Jr, Washington 0otobQr seven, 1922
Orange II. J
Sir: Your APPLICATION for a patent for an IMPROVEMENT^!!
Air Auxiliary Means for Internal Combustion Engines
filedriaroh A 1919 > has been examined and ALLOWED. (2 olaims)
The final fee, TWENTY DOLLARS, must be paid not later than M
SIX MONTHS from the date of this present notioe of allowance. ■
If the final fee be not paid within that period, the patent on j
this application will be withheld, unless renewed with an g
additional fee of $15, under the provisions of Seotion 4897, §
Revised Statutes. . 3
The off ioe delivers patents upon the day of their date, and g
on whioh their term begins to run. The printing, photolitho-r w
graphing, and engrossing of the several patent parts, prepara- w
torv to final signing and sealing, will require about four -■§ ■
weeks, and such work will not be undertaken until after payment 0
°f ^Whe^you^en^the final fee you will also send, DISTINCTLY f
AND PLAINLY WRITTEN, the name of the INVENTOR, TITLE OF INVEN- W
TION AND SERIAL NUMBER AS ABOVE GIVEN, DATE OF ALLOWANCE
(which is the date of this circular), DATE OF FILING, and, if g
assigned, the NAMES OF THE ASSIGNEES. H
If you desire to have the patent issue to ASSIGNEES, an
assignment containing a REQUEST to that effect, together with g
the FEE for recording the same, must be filed in this office on H
or before the date of payment of final fee. w
After issue of the patent uncertified oopies of the draw- ra
ings and specifications may be purchased at the price of TEN l>
CENTS EACH. The money should accompany the order. Postage a -
stamps will not be received.
Final fees will NOT be reoeived from other than the appli- «
cant, his assignee or attorney, or a party in interest as shown «
by the records of the Patent Office.
Respeotfully,
22 4-)
s fluwuur ^ W
Commissioner of Patents.
- -
.
_ .
LEGAL |
' OCT-91922
department1
Polio 1115
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
AUXILIARY AIK SUPPLY MEANS
yOU INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Piled March 4, 1919
Serial No. 280,526
Allowed October 7, 1922
Pinal fee due April 7, 1923
Mr. Lanahan:
Any foreign applications? 0'^
Any divisional applications? ~
This patent has not been assigned.
Should it issue in the name of Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
When do you wish final fee paid?
B.Xleissler
&J
c„.
ft* - - . „
j/n/y
j.
March 14, 1923
Hon. Commissioner of Patents
Ottawa,
Canada.
Sir:
Enclosed herewith find petition for
extension of the term for manufacture in Canada
under Patent Ho. 210,286, granted April 12,
1921 to Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
Please address all communications
with reference to this matter to the undersigned.
Very respectfully.
Edison Office Building,
Orange, H. J.
PETIT I OH FOR EXTEN3I0H OF TEHM FOR MANUFACTURE
UNDER PATENT HO. 210,286. ORAHTED APRIL 12,
1921 TO THOMAS A. EDISOH, JR., of ORANGE,
To the Honorable Commissioner of Patents,
Ottawa,
The petition of Thomas A. Edison, Jr. of
the City of Orange, County of Essex, State of Hew
Jersey, U.S.A., Manufacturer, showeth:
That your petitioner obtained a potent.
Ho. 210.286. bearing date of the 12th day of April,
1921, for a new and useful improvement in Internal
Combustion Engines.
That in 1921 your petitioner manufactured
devices aonstruoted in accordance with the disclosure
in said patent, in asmall way, in Orange, Hew Jersey,
U.S.A., and it was then his intention alBO to have
such devices manufactured within a short time in
Canada; that said devices manufactured by your pe¬
titioner in Orange. H. J.. U.S.A.. while correot in prin¬
ciple, when put into use. developed certain defects
and proved unsatisfactory because of the meohanloal
oonstruotion thereof; that beoause of such defects,
your petitioner thereafter practically wholly re¬
designed the meohanloal oonstruotion of such devices;
that devices made in aooordanoe with such re-designed
mechanical oonstruotion have now been proven entirely
satisfactory; that your petitioner is desirous that
devioes made in aooordanoe with such re-designed
mechanical oonstruotion be manufactured in Canada, and
at the present time has under way certain plans and
-2-
arrangements for having such devices manufactured
in Canada, hut that the consummation of Buch plans
and arrangements will probably require several
months at least.
Therefore, your petitioner prays that he
be granted a two-year extension of the term for
manufacture in Canada under said patent.
if
Orange, H. J..U.S.A.
March /4- , 1923.
RECEIVED from William A. Hardy on above
date original letters Patent No. 1,452,829 to
Thomas A. Edison, Jr., dated April 24, 1923,
and entitled Air Auxiliary Supply Means For
internal Combustion Engines.
will save gasoline — decrease carbon — keep your
motor running cooler and smoother
The Ecometer is a scientifically constructed instrument designed to be attached
to the primary air inlet of any carburetor of any motor car. _ Its purpose is to
decrease the consumption of fuel, and increase the general efficiency of the motor.
HOW IT SAVES GASOLINE
the
ECOMETER admit, h doe, thU po.itively and automatically.
Manufactured HOW IT DECREASES CARBON
OTHER ADVANTAGES
ntly increased, because a better combustible m
-PROVE IT FOR YOURSELF
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1126 Production of Molded Articles
U.S. Patent#: 1411425
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 4/24/1919
P\^'
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Folio# 1127
Trademark #:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
"Ecometer" (Trademark)
128050
Edison, Thomas Alva, Jr
5/26/1919
okxwx .
leM no... warn...
Address.
Filed ~^Wx^ T- l <
^ ( SHj. . Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee . . . .
Recorded . Liber - Page
1. ~m.
Patent No._£^
idrO Issued 74^*3; . iSrf
ACTIONS.
Applicant.
16
J.1/.S 17
. #,
4 */«/,?■
7.
8.
9 .
10 _ _
n ^ n
f\L.S U . 1.
1 1 . \\ ji
19
13 .
14
15
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
DELOS HOLDEN,
PETITION AMD POWER OF ATTORNEY
TO THE CO M1IX3 SIOKER OR PATENT S3:
f
i!
The undersigned presents herewith a drawing and |
five specimens of his trade mark, and requests that the
same, together with the accompanying statement and declara¬
tion, may he registered in the United States Patent Office
in accordance with the law in such oase3 made and provided.
And the undersigned appoints DELOS HOLDEN (.Registration
No. 5762) whose address is Edison Administration Building,
Orange, New Jersey, his attorney, with full power of sub¬
stitution and revocation, to proseoute this application
for registration, to make alterations and amendments there¬
in, to receive the certificate , and to transact all business
in the Patent Office in connection therewith.
si
S T A 9! E M E H T
i|
! TO AIL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
BE IT KNOWN that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, JR. , a oiti'
? zon ol’ the United StateB of America, residing at No. 90
j Berwyn Street, Orange, Essex County, New Jersey, and doing
;j Business at Ho. 163 Essex Avenue, Orange, New Jersey, have
!i adopted and used the trade mark shown in the aooompa
U-L '>hl'ci-
>• drawing for devices Ea
li <n-p Jmi- hy^ni.prwnl-tiaialnxal.l.on-a'nw-inefr. in Class 23 , Cutlery
l' Maohinory, and Tools, and Barts Thereof.
| The trade mark consists of the word "Geometer",
j The trade mark has been continuously used in my
I;
j; Business since May 7, 1919.
j The trade mark is applied or affixed to the goods
j| by placing thereon a label or plate on which the trade mark
s
A R A T I 0 N
I
I,
DEC 1
STATE OP HEW JERSEY )
: SS. :
COUNTY OP ESSEX )
THOtlAS A. EDISON, JR., being duly sworn, deposes
and 3ays that he is the applicant named in the foregoing
statement; that ho Relieves the foregoing statement is true;
that he believes himself to ho the owner of the trade mark
sought to he registered; that no other person, firm, corpor¬
ation or association, to the be3t of his knowledge and Re¬
lief, ha3 the right to use said trade mark in the United
States, either in the identical form or in any such near
resemhlanoe thereto as might Re calculated to deceive; that
said trade nark is used by him in commerce among the several
States of the United States; that the description and draw¬
ing presented truly represent the trade mark sought to Re
registered; and that the specimens show the trade mark as
actually used upon the poods.
fa/ •
■! Subscribed and sworn to before me
this Z-b'Cl, day of , 1919.
o
notary public, state or new jefety
COMMISSION EXPIRES APRIL 21. 'CJ22
l!
ECOMETER
r *r- &-W. f,
a:^-^ * '*'•*'
2-230
Paper No .
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON June 24, 1919*
Edison Administration Building,
Orange, Hew Jersey*
Please find below a co
•.ion. from the EXAMINER OF TRADE-MARKS AND DESIGNS regarding the
application of Thomas A. EdiBOn, >
May 29, 1919, Ber.
•», for trade-mark, filed
[0.^119,036. v , — .
a. a-Au
CowTnwjioner of Patents.
The particular desoxiption of goods is not suffioient-
ly definite. If the devices referred to axe in the nature of
oaXburctors or manifolds, the goods should he described to
identify them as such. Registration- is refused on this ground.
A search of Class 23 foils to show an anticipation.
("Boomator")
Ill THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr. ,
Trade-Mark; - ECOMETER
Filed May 29, 1919
HONORABIE COMMISSION OF PATENTS,
In response to the Office aotlon of
June 24, 1919, please amend the above entitled ease as
follows:
in lines 7 and 8 of the Statement, oanoel "for
affecting a saving In the consumption of fuel by Internal
combustion engines" and substitute therefor -
'Tents,,desllgned to be attached to the prunary^^^ets of
Cm
7h>h
<6 “
7/3,( 1
the carburetors and to the Intakegjj
Internal oombustlo:
Ph
fair Inlets
i englne^-arfcTadapted automatloally to
admitted to suoh carburetors
sontrol the admission of auxiliary air
The statement as amended very definitely de¬
scribes the goods to which the trade-mark Is applied and
Lt Is, therefore, requested that this oase be passed
publication.
Respectfully submitted,
i THOMAS A. EDISON, JR.
Orange, N. J. ,
July 9 • 1919 *
XU THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
1 Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
| Trade Mark "ECOMETER" Hoom ^ ^
I Piled May 29, 1919
j! Serial Ho. 119,035
I!
!| HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF EATEHTS,
j| 3 I R :
| This amendment is supplemental to that
|| dated July 9, 1919.
j! Cancel the matter directed by amendment dated
I juiy 9 f 1919 to be inserted in lines 7 and 8 of the State¬
ment, and substitute therefor the following -[ or instru-
mentB designed to be attached to the prime.iy air inlets of
the carburetors and to the intake pipes or manifolds of
internal combustion engines and adapted automatically to
regulate the amount of air admitted to such carburetors
and to effect and control the admission of auxiliary air
to such intake pipes or manifoldB - . _ , ■
REMARKS
j It is respectfully requested that this case be
I passed for publication.
1 Very respectfully,
THOMAS A. EDISOH, JR.
ji By
Orange. H. J. Hla Attorney
July 31, 1919
Paper No . 3. -
WMblngton, D. C."
DEPARTMEt^gfv-EtiP«l INTERIOR
UNITED STATfS^PATE^NT OFFICE ^
Aug. 4thfc 1919.
Edloon^AdralnJstratlon BldgS^fe--^
Orange, N.J. ^u(s ^ ^
The application for the Registration of a Trade-Mark filed by
Thomas A. Edison Jr,., May 29th, 1919, Serial No. 119,035,
In Class 23,
has been examined and passed for publication, in. oomplianoe
with section 6 of the aot authorizing the Registration of Trade-
Marks, approved February 20, 1905.
The mark will be published in the Offioial Gazette of
Aug. 19th, 1919.
Any person who believes he would be damaged by the registra¬
tion of this mark may oppose the same by filing notioe of oppo¬
sition, stating the grounds therefor, in the Patent Office
within thirty days after the publication thereof, whioh said
notioe of opposition shall be verified .by the person filing the
same before one of the offioers mentioned in section 2 of the
aot of February 20, 1905.
If no notioe of opposition is filed within said time the
Commissioner may issue a oertifioate of registration.
Oopies of the Trade-Mark portion of the Offioial Gazette con¬
taining the publication of the mark may be obtained as soon as
published at five oents each.
Respeotfully,
Commissioner of Patents.
, ‘ 2 — 180 No.
D.o*TeNTS- E. 119,035
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Hov. 23, 1919.
Thomas A. Bdioon, Jr.,
Sir:
Your APPLICATION for REGISTRATION OP TRADE-MARK
for automatic air dilution deTioss for gas
onglnos.
has been examined and allowed.
The CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION will be issued.*
and forwarded to you as soon as practicable in due
order of business.
Very respeotfully.
of-
Prangs, Hw Jsrssy. . -•
Patent Series
Folio# 1129
Serial #:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Application Files
Recording and Reproducing Sounds
Edison, Thomas A
5/27/1919
Folio No. \\ ^
Applicant.
.
Serial No.4 6li.£.k .
Address.
Filed r.^s
3. v, \f\A.S\. . Examiner’s Room No. 2>IZJ..
Assignee
Ass’g’t Exec. .
. Recorded
. Liber .
.... Page .
13
14
15
28 .
29
30 . .
DYER & HOI
%
ffetitum.
So tlfp fflontmiaaionpr nf {Iolanta :
f our f atitionar THOMAS A. EDISON
a ritifan nf tlfp Unitrb Stataa, rraibing onb Ifatring a Jlout ©fficr nbbrraa at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey
praga tl;at Irttara patent mag bp granteb to Ifim for tlfp impronementa in
apt fortlf in tlfp annexeb aprrifiration ; anb Ijp lfprpbg appoints iger & ffinl&rtt
(Ipgiatration No. 3244) a firm rompoaeb of JFrank C. Igpr anb IpIob Hjolben,
mlfoap abbrpaa ia Ebiaon ©fficr luilbing, ©rang?, Nam Jiprapg, Ifia attornpga,
mitlf full pompr of aubatitution anb rpooration, to proaprutp tlfia application, to
tnakp altprationa anb ampnbmpnta tlfrrrin, to recpiue tl;a patant anb to tranaart
all buBinaaa in tlfp patant ©ffira rnnnartab tlfprauiitlf.
PECI5PICATI0N
il TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN :
II
j be IT KNOWH that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
j! of the United StateB and a resident of Llewellyn Park, West
| orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey, have invented certain new
Hand useful improvements in RECORDING ME REPRODUCING OPTICAL
j! IMPHESSI0H3 AHD SOUNDS ASSOCIATED THEREWITH, of which the
|| following is a description:-
My invention relates to the recording and repro¬
ducing of optical impressions and sounds associated there¬
with, and is especially directed to the production of
!j "talking motion pictures" in which it is customary to first
j synchronously record the optical and audible impressions of
ian object or scene and to then synchronously reproduce the
| records of such impressions.
ij Heretofore in producing a talking motion picture
jl it has been customary to synchronously operate a motion pio-
jjture camera focussed on the field of an object or scene and
;■ a phonographic recording instrument having its horn or sound
ii collector positioned adjacent such object or scene, whereby
j, the object or scene is photographed and the sounds associ-
{ated therewith simultaneously recorded, and thereafter to
| synchronously operate a motion picture projecting machine to
project the photographs of the object or scene and a phono-
Igraph to reproduce the record of the sounds associated with
such object or scene. The phonograph, both in recording and
!i reproducing, has heretofore generally been located adjacent
i| the object or scene or the screen on which the pictures there -
of are projected, and therefore a considerable distance from
|j the motion picture apparatus. This necessitates the use of
jj more or less complicated synchronizing apparatus, including
'! extended connections between the phonograph and motion pio-
i
I ture apparatus, to obtain synchronous operation thereof,
j Moreover, with the form of phonographic recording instrument c
commonly employed, the field of the scene is necessarily verj
limited and the master sound reoord obtained is imperfoot anc
! incomplete and is often oomposed of vibrations of such small
f amplitude that in order to obtain a clear and sufficiently
| loud reproduction it has been necessary to make an amplified
!j copy thereof. i'his is due to the facts that the sound waves
| emanating from the source or souroes of sound in the soene
!j recorded are. comparatively weak when they roaoh the horn or
j' sound collector of the phonographic apparatus, which horn is
|j necessarily located a considerable distance from the scene,
jj and the weaker sounds emanating from such source or sources
ji and those emanating from the sources whioh are more remote
jj from the horn or collector are often not recorded at all.
j| One of the objects of my invention is to provide
'| a simple and efficient arrangement for obtaining exact syn¬
chronism in the recording and reproduction of the optical
and audible impressions of an object or soene.
My invention also resides in improved methods and
means whereby practically all of the sounds including sub¬
stantially all overtones associated with a scene having a
more extended field than has been practicable with the
phonographio apparatus usually employed, are faithfully and
2
s
' ' accurately recorded and reproduced clearly, loudly and
' naturally without the necessity of making an amplified copy
, of the sound record.
ii Other objects and features of my invention will he
;i hereinafter more fully described and claimed.
| In order that my invention may be more clearly
ij understood, attention is direoted to the drawings accompany-
;j ing and forming a part of this specification, and in which:
| Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view showing a
jj preferred arrangement and construction for synchronously
Si recording optical and audible impressions of an object or
: aoene in accordance with my invention; and
Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a
| preferred arrangement and construction for synohronously re¬
's producing in accordance with the invention the records of th<
:! optical and audible impressions of the object or scene.
I Referring to the drawing and especially to Figure
!; it reference character A represents a stage or setting for a
j; scene or object of which it is desired to record the optical
ji and audible impressions, and B, C and D represent different
jj objects, such as performers, in the scene presented on the
! 8 tags, or different positions which one or more objects may
j. assume during the recording of the impressions thereof. A
I motion picture camera 1 is focussed on the stage A and a
jl phonographic recording apparatus P, comprising a rotatable
| record support or mandrel 2 and an electro-magnetic recorder
i " 3, is located closely adjacent the camera 1. The recorder
j ij 3 is arranged to be moved transversely of a record tablet R
j! on the record support 2 in operative relation thereto by
|
3
«
!; suitable feeding means (not shown) driven as usual from the
;j mandrel shaft 4, and the latter has a positive driving eon-
■j neotion with the operating mechanism (not shown) of the rao-
j| tion picture machine 1, whereby exact synchronous operation
i of the motion picture and phonographic apparatus is assured.
ii The camera 1 and phonograph S are driven from a finely regu-
ij lated constant speed electric motor 5 as by means of a belt
j; 6 passing over pulleys 7 and 8 respectively mounted on the
Jj motor Bhaft and the driving shaft 9 of the camera,
i A bell-shaped sound collector 10 connected to an
5 extremely sensitive microphone transmitter 11 is looated in
proximity to and .preferably centrally in front of the soene
ij to be reoorded. The microphone 11 employed is so sensitive
; as to be affeoted by praotieally all sound waves emanating
|i from eaoh of the objects in the field of the scene regard-
i| less of the positions such objects occupy or move to on the
ij stage A, the result being that variations in current or
I; electrical impulses will be produced in the microphone oir-
ji cuit in accordance with such sound waves. The microphone
oirouit is supplied with current from a convenient source,
ll such as a battery 13. While the electrical impulses or
■ current variations thuB produced in the microphone circuit
I correspond almost exactly to all the sound waves emanating
Ii from the objects in the Boene, the effects of the majority
j; of such variations or impulses are so weak that unless ampli-
l fled, it would be impossible to employ the same to produce
|j a satisfactory and complete phonograph record of the sound
j; waves. Therefore, I employ a suitable means or arrange-
I
s ‘
I ment for producing amplifications by and in accordance with
!| the electrical impulses in the microphone transmitter circuit
!; and utilize such amplifications in making the phonograph
|j record. While various amplifying means may he employed, I
| preferably use the' well known "chalk" amplifier shown and de¬
ll scribed in patent Ho. 221,957 granted to me on Hovember 25,
|j 1079 . While the amplifier may be included in the circuit
i
j; of the miorophone transmitter, it is preferably looated in
j! a separate circuit which is associated with the transmitter
{circuit through an induction ooil, the primary winding 14 of
{which is included in the transmitter circuit and the second¬
ary winding 16 in the amplifier oirouit. It will therefore
She apparent that weak pulsating or alternating currents, which
Lay be termed "fluctuating currents", will be generated or
j! produced in the amplifier circuit by and in accordance with
■) the electrical impulses or current variations in the tran¬
smitter circuit. The amplifier 17 consists of a rotatably
fmoxmted cylinder 18 formed of compressed chalk and rendered
jjoonduotive by a solution of caustic alkali, a spring arm 19
Shaving one end bearing on the chalk cylinder and its other
fend preferably connected to a diaphragm 20 which is mounted
jjat its periphery in a suitable sound box casing 21, and: an
adjusting screw 22 threaded through an extension of the casing
21 and having an inner resilient end portion 23, preferably
of soft rubber, bearing on the spring arm 19 to yieldingly
hold the latter in friotional engagement with the surface of
the oylinder 10. The cylinder 10 is rotated by any suitable
eans (not shown) and is connected to one side of the ampli-
I
I
ji
\
fier circuit, while the spring arm 19 is connected to the
other side of the amplifier circuit. 'fhe pulsating or
alternating currents generated in the amplifier circuit act
through the amplifier 17 in a manner well known to produce
vibrations of the diaphragm 20 which correspond to such pul¬
sating or alternating currents and therefore to the electri-
oal impulses in the microphone transmitter circuit and the
vibrations of the diaphragm of the transmitter 11, but which
are greatly amplified as compared therewith. The casing 21
of the diaphragm 20 is preferably connected by a hollow neck
24 with a microphone transmitter 25, whereby sound waves pro¬
duced by the vibrations of the diaphragm 20 will be impressed
on Buoh microphone transmitter. The circuit of the trans¬
mitter 25 is supplied with current, as by means of a battery
27, and the electro-magnet 2G of the phonograph recorder 3
is included in this circuit. It will therefore be apparent
that the electrical impulses or variations in current pro¬
duced in the cirouit of the microphone 25 are greatly ampli¬
fied as compared with those produced in the circuit of the
miorophone transmitter 11. The recording stylus 29 of the
recorder 3 is oarried by a diaphragm 30 arranged in opera¬
tive relation to the electro-magnet 28, as is usual, and by
reason of the amplified impulses or current variations in
the circuit of the transmitter 25, and the corresponding vari
ations produced in the magnetic field of the electro-magnet
28, stylus 29 is actuated to produce a clear, accurate and
well defined record of the sound waves emanating from the
objedts B, C and D of the soene to be recorded, in the tablet
[j r. l'he electro-magnetic recorder constitutes a receiver
I for converting the electrical impulses transmitted thereto
[| into raeohanioal impulses.
:i In Figure 2, showing the preferred arrangement for
!| reproducing the motion picture and sound reoords made as
I described above, 3 represents a- screen disposed before an
| audience consisting of spectators T, T, T, etc., and 1*
■ represents a conventional form of motion pioture projecting
jt machine focussed on the screen. A reproducing phonograph
| p* is located adjacent the motion picture machine 1' and
'j comprises a rotatable reoord support or mandrel 2' and a
|| reproducer 32 which is movable transversely of the record
|J support 2' with its stylus 33 in operative relation to a
|| reoord H' on the mandrel, by suitable feeding means (not
j! shown) actuated from the mandrel shaft 4'. The mandrel
l| shaft 4' has a direct driving connection with the operating
|j mechanism (not shown) of the motion pioture machine 1', when
;i by exact synchronous operation of the latter and the phono-
|j graphic apparatus P' is assured. The motion picture maohin
| i' and phonograph P' are driven from a finely regulated con-
|j stant speed electric motor 5' as by means of a belt 6' pass¬
ing over pulleys 7' and 8' respectively mounted on the motor
i shaft and the driving shaft 9' of the motion picture machine
I, l'. i'he motor 5' is regulated to operate at the some speed
j as the motor 5 of the apparatus Bhown in Figure 1, whereby
jj the motion pioture machine 1' and the reproducing phonograph
^ P' will be driven at the same speed aB the camera 1 and re-
!; oording phonograph P. The film employed in the projecting
I
I
I! machine 1* 1b a positive produced from the negative photo-
|| graphed at rapidly recurring intervale hy the camera 1, and
jj consequently, the motion pioture machine 1* projects pictures
jj of the original scene on stage A in the arrangement showm in
I Figure 1, onto the soreen 3 at rapidly reourring intervals.
The sound record H' may he either the master record made hy
I the phonograph recording instrument P in- the arrangement
jj shown in Figure 1, or a duplicate copy thereof, and the re-
producer 32 converts the reoorded vibrations of such record
ij into sound waveB in the usual manner. These sound waves are
| preferably electrically transmitted to a plurality of tele-
jj phone receivers or reproducing phones located at different
jj points in the hall containing the audience. While the sound
ij waves thus produced are an exact reproduction of the sounds
;j associated with the original scene, they would, unless ampli-
ji fled, he for the most part insufficient in volume to he cle.ar-
ly heard hy all the persons of the audience and therefore I
jj preferably interpose between the reproducer 32 and the tele¬
s' phone receivers suitable means, comprising an amplifying
jj device, whereby electrical impulses will be produced by and
jj in accordance with the reproduced sound waves and amplified
ij before reaching the telephone receivers. To accomplish
jl these results, I connect the neck of the reproducer 32 to a
jj microphone transmitter 34, the circuit of which is supplied
with current by suitable means such as a battery 36. It
will thus be apparent that eleotrioal impulses or current
jl variations will be generated in the microphone oirouit in
i| accordance with the sound waves reproduced from the record
| h*. 'jhe oirouit of the miorophone transmitter 34 is pref-
|j erahly associated with the oirouit of an amplifier 17' througi
|| an induction coil, the primary winding 37 of which is includ-
jj ed in the miorophono transmitter oirouit and the secondary
|j winding 30 of which is included in the amplifier circuit.
lj While different forms of amplifiers may be employed, I pref-
|j erably employ the "chalk" amplifier invented by me and such
I as used in the arrangement shown in Figure 1. The com-
!j pressed chalk cylinder 18’ of this amplifier is connected to
one side of the amplifier oirouit and the spring arm 19'
thereof to the other side of the circuit. One end of the
j! spring arm 19' is connected to a diaphragm 20' mounted in a
ij suitable sound box casing 21' and the other end thereof is
|j yieldingly held in frictional engagement with the chalk cyl-
i! inder 18' by meanB of an adjusting screw 22' mounted in an
extension of the casing 21' and provided with a resilient
ij end portion 23', preferably of soft rubber, bearing against
|| the spring arm 19'. The electrical impulses or current
'! variations producod in the circuit of the microphone trans-
|| mitter 34 will generate alternating or "fluctuating" ourrents
(I in the amplifier circuit, and the amplifier, as described
jl above in connection with the arrangement shown in Figure 1,
I will act to produce vibrations of the diaphragm 20' corres-
I ponding to the vibrations of the diaphragm of the reproducer
32 but greatly amplified as compared therewith. The neck
|j of the sound box 21' is preferably oonneoted to a microphone
I transmitter 39 ' , whereby the sound waves produced by the
I greatly amplified vibrations of the diaphragm 20' will pro¬
duce electrical impulses or current variations in the circuit
I of the microphone 34 corresponding to tho vibrations of the
!| diaphragm of reproducer 32. The cirouit of microphone 39
| is supplied with current by convenient means, such ns a bat-
I texy 41, and the telephone receivers or reproducing phones
jj 42 located at various points about the hall containing the
| audience, as mentioned above, are connected in parallel in
j! said circuit. Bach of the telephone receivers 42 comprises
jj the usual diaphragm vibrated by and in accordance with the
jj variations in the magnetic field thereof, ftnd is provided
jj with a megaphone or amplifier 43. It will thus be apparent
!J that the sound waves as received by the members T, T, 'f of
jj the audience from the receivers 42, 42, etc. will exactly
j| correspond to the sound waves reproduced from the record R',
!i tut will be greatly amplified as compared therewith.
|! While X have shown and described the preferred
|! methods and means for carrying out my invention, it is to
I be understood that the same are subjeot to numerous modifi-
j! cations without departure from the spirit of my invention
jand the soope of the appended claims. Bor example, if de¬
ll sired, more than one amplifier may be UBed both in the ar-
|j rangement shown in Figure 1 and that shown in Figure 2, and
ii as indicated above, an amplifier other than the Edison. chalk
i| amplifier may be employed.
Having now described my invention, what I claim as
Lew and desire to protect by Letters Eatent of the United
I States is as follows
10
>:’. ;- 1. The method of ^uaiiuliu/ lulling iMHIOli pr?
J svv-lvvL-lir/t-t-HsC. ■'"'
yUiiuu, whl uli OTiiuliitiir
■tohlng pliolugraphu1 Of till Object dr
ourrinp intervals. sjbmtdrbHiiH~otrgdy oolleOt<
Y%
‘apid-ly
ini? in the vicinity of &n r object or soene the sound waves
electric
associated therewith, generating fluctating/currents in ac- ^
cordanoe with saidoolleot|d sound waves, ^passing suoh cur¬
rents through un^amplifier, producing mechanical impulses by
and in accordance with the amplifications produced by the
amplifier, making a phonographic record of such impulses,
■photographs <w£.. tha objoot or scene at-
... olmul-^aiiecugly ■ generating fluct-
then pr©4ee4i4»g-t}
.rapidly recurring,
j uating currents by and in accordance with the phonographic
S record and passing said ourrents through an^ amplifier, and
|j producing sound waves by and. in accordance with the ampli-
I fioations produoed by the last named amplifier, substantially
‘
j as described,
Aanoouoly colleot-
| mg in the vicinity of object or scene the sound waves
i associated therewith, generating fluctuating electric cur¬
rents in accordance with said, collected sound waves, (passing
| such currents through VnAamplifier, producing meohanioal im- ^
pulseB by and in accordance with the amplifications produced
jjby the amplifier, making a phonographic record of suoh im-
tharT projrrrtlng- thi> ph^+^g^pbn n-f» t.hn nhiect or
: -rapidly intervals, and- olmultanoouoly
I reproducing the phonographic record, substantially as de¬
scribed.
The method of produolngrf^ ^ulKlng
/t)KW^- 'W~tustsLv A^try\s*^tsfc- ^
|j tugoot whioh oonoiato--i
wiy^produo-
rapidly recurring intcgTalo-, olm
| mg a phonographic record of the sounds associated with &a±d-
j object or soene, then pro footing tho phulograp
I j~P + as-avem aX <ag443y-gecwrtag <wtifiTTn1n. nimultaneeuflAv-
I generating fluctuating,, our rontB by and in accordance with thej
| phonographic record, passing said currents through anA ampli¬
fier,! and producing sound wavos by and in accordance with the]
amplifications produced by the amplifier, substantially as
described.
|| 4. The method which consists in generating
| fluctuating electric currents by and in^ac c o raan^wi.th _ _ ^
I sound waves, : passing said. ourrents through an, amplifier to
|| produce amplified impulses in accordance with variations in
. I said ourrents j and employing suoh amplified impulses to
I produce sound waves, substantially as described.
6. The method which consists in generating elec-
. trioal currents by and varying in accord one e, wi th sound waveB,
I passing said currents through an^amplifier to produce ampli-
f 'Jdhls MXnLctinM/ Jr<j \
jified, impulses in accordance with^said currents, and produo- '■
ling a phonographic record of such impulses, substantially as
j described.
; Ca^cjJUtL
| The method which consists in su^Octing a
i microphone transmitter to sound, waves, producing fluctuating
llelectric ourrents by and in aocord^ncf^with the impulses pro-
I'duoed in the microphone oircuJWTand passing such currents
through an amplifier, producing a varying magnetic field in
flaooordanoe with t^amplifioations produced hy the amplifier,
12
I V/-2-/
jj and employing the varying^magnetio field to produce meohani-
! oal impulses, substantially as described.
j! ^ ^
|j ^ 'Xhe method which consists in collecting sound
j waves emanating from a source or sources of sound, subjcct-
j ing a microphone transmitter to such collected sound waves,
j producing fluctuating electric currents by and in accordance
with the impulses produced in the microphone circuit and
J passing suoh currents through an, amplifier, and employing
the amplifications produced by the amplifier to makd a
j phonographic record, substantially as aesorihei^^
j| ' 8. The method- which consists ip^subjecting a
Jj microphone transmitter 'to sound wavesy^roduoing fluctuating
electric currents by and in acoordpi^e with the pulsations
|| produced in the microphone olr^it and passing such currents
through an amplifier, produce a varying magnetic field in
I accordance with the amplications produced hy the amplifier
[j and employing the varying magnetic field to produce sound
waves, substantially as. described.
, ^ / Hi-u
g. 'j!he method which consist^in subjecting a
jj microphone transmitter to sound wa^f passing electrical
currents produced by and varyir^in accordance with vihra-
I tions of the microphone di^ragm through an amplifier, and
employing the amplifications produced hy the amplifier to
I produce sound wave^/substantially as described.
13
Uua,uXujL
In an arrangement of the character described
I (tiie combination of a motion*, picture machine, a phonograph
j| comprising a record support Vaving a positive driving con-
I neotion with the operating mechanism of the motion picture
I machine, and a finely regulated constant speed eleotrio
[i motor for actuating said motion picture maohine and phono-
I graph, substantially a3 describe
I 11, in an arrangement of the character described,
^the combination of a motion picture machine,] a phonograph
comprising a reoord support^having\a positive driving connec¬
tion with the operating mechanism of the motion picture ma¬
ohine, and a finely regulated constant speed electric motor
for actuating said motion picture machine and phonograph,
i said phonograph also comprising a sensitive microphone trans-|
| mitting device, an electro-magnetic receiving device electrl-
j| cally connected to said transmitting device and adapted to
convert electrical impulses into mechanical impulses, and
an amplifier interposed between said devices and arranged to
amplify the effeots of the oleotrical impulses produced by
said transmitting device, one of said devices being arranged
so as to be co-operative with a record tablet on said record
support, substantially us described. ' \
X
IS, A phonographic apparatus comprising a rotat¬
able reoord support, a sensitive microphone transmitting de¬
vice, an eleotro-magnetio receiving device eleotrioally oon-
neoted with said microphone transmitting device, -and anA
j amplifier interposed between said devioes and adapted to ^
!j amplify the effects of the electrical impulses produced by
said transmitting device, one of sai dJe_yio.es. being^s o ar¬
ranged as to be co-operative with a record tablet on said
record support, substantially as described.
Hl'T-t
The combination of a ve^y'sensitive micro¬
phone for producing eleotri cal imputes by and in accord¬
ance with sound wavos, an ^ampl^er operatively associated C
with said microphone, and ^phonographic recording device
ij arranged to be influeije^d by and in accordance with the ara-
| piifieations produa^d by said amplifier, substantially as
a desoribed.
I ■«. tyf-T-t
The combination^ an extremely sensitive
miorophone transmitter, ajyrfnplifier oporatively associated
with said transmit ter^^nd a- receiving device arranged to
produoe mechanioal^dnpulses by and in accordance with the
amplifi cations^froduoed by the amplifier, substantially as
desoribed,
1.6, In apparatus of the oharaoter described, an
extremely sensitive transmitting device arranged and adapted
l to generate fluctuating electric currents by and in acc.ord-
jance with sound waves, ‘axi'A amplifier operatively associated
jv/ith said transmitting device so th^t said currents will
pass therethrough.) and a/ phonographic recorder arranged to
|j be operated by and in accordance with the amplifications
I produced by said amplifier, substantially as described.
15
I
uUjia aperifiration aigneb tljia
bagn^^^s-M^ 191^
-\SL^a Q » SJsA-^sw _
©alt*.
g>tatr af ■Nnu 3eraeg j
(Eountg nf essex )
THOMAS A. XDISOH , the above nameb
petitioner, being bnlg aiuorn, bepaaea anb aaga that be ta a ritizen of % Initeb
g>tatea, anb a reaibent of Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex County,
Hew Jersey
that l)f oerilu belieoea himself to be tlje original, firat anb aole inorntor of tbe
ijnprooement in
j&DOQItDIHu ARP Wf kuuij u iuu omwc
.sounds AnmQMvm mmsizm
beatribeb anb rlaimeb in % annexeb aperifiration; that be bnea not know anb
boea not belieoe that tlje aame uraa ener known nr naeb before hi* invention nr
biaroverg thereof; or patenteb or beatribeb in ang printeb publiration in tbe
Initeb Statea nf Amerira nr ang foreign rountrg before Ipa ittnention nr
biarnnerg thereof, nr wore than two geara prior to this appliration; or patenteb
in ang rountrg foreign to the Initeb States on an appliration fileb bg hint nr
hia legal repreaentatioea nr aaaigna more titan twelne wonlbo prior to this
appliration; or in publir uae nr on aale in the Initeb Statea for wore than two
geara prior to this appliration; anb that no appliration for patent upon aaib
invention boo been fileb bg Igm or bio legal repreaentatioea or aaaigna in ang
foreign rountrg. Q
Sworn to anb aubarribeb before me this bag of 191^
■Notarg Bublir.
HC, STATE UF NEW JERSEY
2-260
Div. . 7— Kooni.3
ii~ >-<?
V. Papor No . 3 - I
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES P/^ENT^FFICE
WASHINGTON _ June~24T~1919.~.
X -&
. Edison.. Off ice.. .Bld&i
. OrangoT J.-
Please find b. a a o<
ation from the EXAMINER in charge of the application, oj
n, Pflinnn, fn9a Jana 7, i9i9-._Baoftrai.Tift nna-Hopiofl-OQ-lns —
CommUtiona of Polenta.
Division is hereby required between claims 1 to 0, 10
and 11 constituting group X ana claims 4 to 9 and 12 to 16
constituting group II. Group I relates to the method ana meanB
including the combination of a motion picture maohine and sound
producing and reproducing maohine and group II relates to method
and means including the sound maonine per se. These constitute
distinct inventions. Improvements in the combination have
acquired a distinct status in the art and involve a distinct field
of search. Suoh combinations are classified in 88-16.2 Motion
picture Apparatus oombined with sound produoers. Improvements
in means for telephonioally produoing and reproducing sound have
also acquired a distinot status in the art and also involve a
distinct field of searoh. Such improvements are classified either
in 179-6 (Coombined telephone and phonographs) or 179-100.1
(telegraphoneB). The patents cited below will further olarify
Die divisibility of subject matter involved. Division is hereby
accordingly required.
Attention is further called to the fact that applicant’s
invention appears to lie in the improved sound recording and re-
Serial Ho. 308,666.
produotng device ana not In the alleged combination. Tie
combination of a motion ploture machine dlreotly soared to a
phonograph, the phonograph Bounds being telephonloally tranaraltted
to or?from a dletonoe 1b old as shown be each of: -
Thomas (Brit.) 4186 of 1912 (1 sheet) (179-100.1)
Do Faria (French) o \/ '
T 376,869 Hay 26, 1907 (2 sheets)
,2i£E.'407 Apr. 21, 1913
,293,203 Feb, 4, 1919
,2&,682 liar. 20, 1917
( (38-16.2)
Applicant does not modify this combination but merely
substitutes a different phonographic means In this combination.
Applicant's ola lms should therefore be properly restricted to the
Improvement In the sound producing and reproducing meanB per se.
When so reBtrioted, the requirement for division will also be
complied with and the oase will be transferred to class 179.
The following patents are cited from oIosb 179 to show
the combinations of means for telephonloally produoing and re¬
producing sound:-
Bullls
stone
orlsholm
Be Forest
Attention Is alBO called to the fact that amplifying
meanB In a sound olroult 1b old (Be Foreet) and such means are
alBO old when uBed in combination with a motion ploture maohlne
(Vanslzo and Royster).
j. Examiner.
fsfs.lBO
w 86f,l80 - ,
/ 968.639 Aug. 30, 1910 (179-100.2)
'l,171%848 Apr. 4, 1916 (179-100.2)
Jan. 23, 1917 (179-100.2)
Hay 21, 1907 (179-171)
Amat
Royster
Vanslzea
IJJ THE UK I TED STATES PATEWT OFFICE
I Thomas A. Edison
RECORDING AMD REPRODUCING OPTICAL
IMPRESSIONS AND SOUNDS ASSO¬
CIATED THEREWITH
I Filed June 7, 1919
Serial NO. 302,556
J| HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Office notion of
I June 24, 1919, please amend the above entitled oase, as
follows ; /
Chango title of the application to - RECORDING
I] AND REPRODUCING SOUNDS - .
Claim 1, lines 1, 2 and 3, oancel "producing
talking motion pictures, which consists In taking photo¬
graphs of an object or soene at rapidly reourrlng In-
tervals. simultaneously" and Insert - reoordln^and ra¬
il producing sounds which consists In - . Line 4, cancel/-
"the", second occurrence, and Insert - an - . Lines 10
Iand 11, cancel "projecting the photographs of the .object
or soene at rapidly recurrln^tntervals, simultaneously".
Claim 2, lines 1, 2 and 3, oanoel "producing
talking motion pictures, whloh consists in taking photo¬
graphs of an object or scene at rapidly reourrlng Inter¬
vals, simultaneously" and Insert - recording and reproduc¬
ing sounds whloh consists In - . U»e 4, oanoel "the",
second occurrence, and Insert - an - . IlneB 10 and 11,
oanoel "then projecting the photographs of the object or
scene at rapidly reourrLng Intervals, and simultaneously"
and Insort - and then - .
Clulm 3, lines 1, 2 and 3, oanoel "produo Ing talk¬
ing motion pictures which consists IntakLng photographs of
an object or scene at rapidly recurring Intervals, simul¬
taneously" and Insert - reop-rdlng and reproducing sounds
whlohyoonslsts- . line 4, oanoel "said" and Insert - an -
llneB 5 and 6, cancel "projecting the photographs of the
object or scene at rapidly recurring Intervals, simultane¬
ously".
Oanoel ^claims 10 and 11.
Renufeber claims 12 to 16 Inclusive as 10 to 14
Inoluslve respectively.
REMARKS
Trie requirement for dlvLslon has been compiled
with by so revising olalas 1, 2 and 3 that they cover only
a method of recording and reproducing sounds; and by can¬
celling original clulma 10 and 11. The right Is reserved
to file a divisional application on the subject matter of
the oanoelled claims.
An aotlon on the merits Is requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISOH
b.v ctyt&vrr-
^is Attorneys.
Orange, H. J.
May /3 , 1920.
Div . 16 BoomlM... ' 1BO 2-200 *„co^L»ot'£;Vu^<i,u
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _ June 5, __1920 _
Dyer & Holden.- . . . .
Edison Of floe Building.
Orange , Mew Jersey
Please find, below a communication, from the EXAMINER in charge- of the application of
Thomas A. EdiBon, ser. t?302,556, filed _
Recording and Reproducing sounds. _
s.
This notion is responsive to amendment filed
May 14, 1920.
Record
COMER,
STOCKS,
PBIDHAM ET
C0HSTAHTIM1
SIBLEY (BR)
DE FOREST (
Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, .5- and 10 are each rejected. on
COHSTANTIHI in view of SIBLEY; a record produced hy the ap¬
paratus shown in Constantin! oould Be reproduced by the ap¬
paratus shown in Sibley. ; ,
Claims 6, ,8 and 9 are rejeoted on the British
patent to DE FOREST; see espeoially Fig. 3. 25 may be a
miorophone if desired.
Claims '7, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are each rejected on
is made of
iM.. 234.134, July 24, 191V, 179-100.1x;
Jan. 8, 1918, 179-100.1;
AD ,®1, 5529, 988, Feb. 3, 1920, 179-100.1;
(3R)V> 6,07flr /l3, 1 sheet, 179-100.1;
Jt 20,926/1912, 2 sheets, 179-100,1;
BR) ,l/o 2,059/1914, 1 sheet, 180-27.
COHSTANTIHI .
IB THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
RECORDING AND REPRODUCING SOUNDS
Piled June 7, 1919
Serial No. 302,556
Room No. 175.
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
S I.R :
In response to the Office action of
June 5, 1920, please amend the above entitled oase as fol¬
lows: /
'■'ClJ
''Claim 6, line 4, after "with" insert - the
variations in -
y/.y / y
*/
Renumber Claims 7 , 10 and 13 £
respectively.
R E.M ARKS
It Is submitted that Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6
clearly and patentably distinguish from British patents to
Constantlnl and Sibley as li'elther of these patents discloses
an amplifier through which electrical currents are passed.
The amplify ingmeans of both Constantlnl and Sibley are
compressed air amplifiers and' not electrical amplifiers.
Claims 6 and 8, former Claims 7 and 13 respect¬
ively, distinguish from Constantlnl in a manner similar to
that Btated above in connection with Claims 1 to 6 Inclusive.
Claim 7, former Claim 10, differentiates from
Constantlnl and Sibley as neither of these patents discloses
an amplifier Interposed between a microphone transmitting
device and the eleotrlo magnetio receiving device and arranged
to amplify the effects of the electrical Impulses produced
by the transmitting device.
In view of the above, further consideration and
allowance are requested.
Respectfully,
THOMAS A. EDISOH
B.v _
His Attorney.
YAH-K ,
Orange, B. J.
KWJ: lBG2-2«o
DEPARTMENT OF THE. INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . AUBMK3..1&....1S3X - -
^IffrlS Henry Ennahnn,
Rdl son Adml niBtration Bldg. ,
Orange, How Jersey
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
T. A. Edison, f;or, f?3O8,06G, filed Juno 7, 1019.
Recording and Reproducing rounds.
Commissioner of Patent*.
This action Is responsive to amendment filed
Juno 2, 1921.
Claim 1 is rejected on C0H3TAHIIHI in view of COMER.
The olaim-Jls also rejected on THOMAS. Ho invention is required
to add;' an amplifier to suoh a system, and numerous examples are
shown in the references of record, as, for example, BE FORES*,
COMER, STORE and STOCKS.
Claim 2 is rejeoted on COHSTAHTIH1 in view of any
reproduoer of record aoooustlo or electrio. The claim is also
rejeoted -on. STOCKS. The mechanical Impulses will he those of
the shutter F.
Claim 3 le rejeoted on COMER in view of any reoorder
of reoord. The olaia is alBO rejeoted on STOCKS.
Claim 4 is rejeoted on either COMER or BE FOREST o»
STOCKS or STOSS.
Claims 8, 8 and 8 are eaoh rejeoted on 00ISTAHTIH1 ,
Claim 7 Is rejeoted on STOCKS or THOMAS, the addition
of an amplifier to Thomas not being considered invention.
Claim 3. line 3, la le omitted.
Bar. #S08,»Sd - #8.
It la to Ha noted that tha expreaaion, "paaaln* auoh
oar rant a through an amplifier", need by applicant la aororal
olaiu doea not diatlngnlah txou tha dartoa ahown by 00*8*11-
MBX, aa, in thin rafaranoa, tha currant doaa paaa through tha
Input oirault of tha aaplifiar.
fha alalaa ara all rajeoted.
XU THE UNITED STATES PAT EOT OFFICE
I Thomas A. Edison
: BECORDIHG AND REPRODUCING SOUNDS
I Room No. 312
I Filed June 7, 1919
Sj Serial No. 302,556
!
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
I In response to the Office action of
I August 18, 1921, please amend the above entitled case as
I' follows:
| Claim 1, lines 7 and .13, before "amplifier"
|j insert - Edison "ohalk" - .
, Claim 2, line 7, before "amplifier" insert -
l! Edison "ohallf - .
|| Claim 3, line 3, before "produo'-" insert - In - .
I: Line 7, before "currents" insert - electric - . Line 8,
|i after "an" insert - Edison "ohalk" - .
Claims 4 and. 5, line 3. before "amplifier"
I insert - Edison "chalk" - .
| Claim 6, line 6, before "amplifier" insert -
| Edison "ohalk" - .
II Claims 7 and 8, line 4, after "an" insert -
Edison "chalk" - .
j| R E M A R JC S
j| Further consideration of the claims as now
j| presented is requested.
jj It is submitted that claims 1 So 6 as presented
| previously to the present amendment were not met by any
of the references of record. In this oonneotlon, It is
to he noted that each of these olaims is drawn to a method,
which method is clearly not disclosed by any of the refer¬
ences Constantini, Comer, Stone, Stocks or De Forest, when
considered alone. It is thought that the Examiner is not
warranted in combining structures disclosed in two or
more different patents to anticipate a method such as
described in these claims. Applicant, however, with a view
to still further distinguishing from the references as
amended these olaims so that they specify the step of
passing the fluctuating or varying electric ourrents
through an Edison ohalk amplifier.
Neither Stooks nor Thomas, it is submitted, is
a proper roferorioe for claim 7 as now presented. Stocks
falls to disclose a rotatable record support or a device
oorresponding either to applicant's elcctro-magnetic re¬
ceiving devioe or his microphone transmitting device which
are arranged so as to be cooperative with a record tablet
on the record support. Thomas does not disclose an
amplifier and StookB does not disclose an amplifier
arranged with respect to the other elements of his appara¬
tus in a manner corresponding to that described in the
claim.
Claim 8 distinguishes from Stocks in a manner
similar to that indicated in connection with olaim 7.
Furthermore, none, of the references discloses
an amplifier having the relative arrangement and of the
type specified in olaims 7 and 8.
2
In view of the above, farther consideration
and allowanoe are requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON
2—260
■"dJuSiunJillS'i
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _ *...
IraJ.aia.tJrafei.Q.n.Bldis.,.,
. Qsans#^..H.W..J.9.raoy .
Please And below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thomas A. Edison, For Reoordlne and Reproducing
' J/Sounde
Sor . #303,556.
In response to amendment of August 17, 1933.
Applicant's disclosure differs from Tnomaa of
reoord merely in tne -amplifier* The claims, whether
method or apparatus claims, have now been amended to
: insert the epepiflo.'formfof amplifier whloh applicant
employee. Suoh amplifier merely Increases the Inten¬
sity of the sound reoorded and thereafter reproduced
• without in any way changing the system*; or Its opsra-
; tion. The use of an amplifier In telephone oiroulto
of various typos le old, some of whloh are shown in
references of reoord In this oape. Bee for lnstanoe
Vanelge, Bullls or De Forest. To piok out of the
prior art one of these amplifiers and Insert In the
system of Thomas Is not invention espeolally as
applicant has merely seleoted a "chalk* amplifier
whloh has long slnoe beoome obsolete under the
pressure of oommerolal aotlwity and vory muoh In¬
ferior to the audlbn amplifier of De Forest. The
rejeotion of the claims on the references of reoord
and espeolally on Thomas le repeated.
303,448 - 3
It 1b to bo noted that claims 1 to 8, axe, as
•mended Improper method olaima an they oover the mere
funotion of the apparatus being limited to the par¬
ticular amplifier uaad by applicant. These claims
are rejeoted on thiB ground also.
This case being four years old and the references
have been on the reoord slnoe the firat rejection of
the oase it is considered that applioant haa had suf¬
ficient time to plaoe on the reoord all the argument
necessary to produoe an issue. Suoh an issue having
been reached, the rejection of olaima in the oaae is
mads final for the purpose of appeal.
: LEG7,r"|
JUH-819W
DEPARTMENTj
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July 18, 1919
At Mr. Edison's req.ua at X have made a search through
all U. S. patents relating to Talking Motion Pictures to ascer¬
tain if any of the same appear to he infringed hy the arrangement
disclosed in application of Thomas A.Edison Serial H o. 302,556
filed June 7, 1919 entitled Recording and Reproducing Optical Im¬
pressions and Sounds Associated Therewith (Polio Eo.1129). Rone
of these patents appear to he infringed hy the arrangement shown
in the application referred to. However, I called Mr. Edison's
attention to the following patents, the disclosures of which
appear to he of Interest in connection with the arrangement shown
and described in said application:
Patent Ho. 7*2,948 granted June 21. 1904 to Schaefer.
(See claims 1 and 4)
Patent Wo. 1,177,848 granted April 4, 1916 to Deforest.
(See claim 2)
. patent Ho. 1,213,150 granted January 23, 1917 to Bullis
Patent Ho. 1,219,682 granted March 20, 1917 to Vansize.
Huy 16,
1924
Mr. Thomas A. Edison, -
I am sending you our copy of your
application (Our Polio 1129) Serial No. 302,556,
filed June 7, 1919, and entitled RECORDING AKD
REPRODUCING SOUNDS.
The invention of this application
relates to talking pictures and especially to an
arrangement for recording and reproducing the
sounds associated with a scene wherein the sounds
are electrically transmitted hy means of circuits
including a suitable amplifier such as your chalk
amplifier.
All the olaims now in the application,
eight in number, stand finally rejected. Accord¬
ingly, it must now be decided hhether to appeal
from* the final rejection or to abandon the applica¬
tion. The references relied upon by the Examiner
in making the final rejection are British patent
to Thomas No. 4185 of 1912, and U.S. patents --
No. 1 177,848 to Deforest, No. 1,213,150 to Bullis,
and No. 1,219,682 to Vansize; copies of which are
attached.
The application has been pending
nearly five years, during which time not a single
claim has been allowed. Moreover, I believe that
there would.heAittle chance of obtaining the al¬
lowance offwmnally rejected claims upon appeal
to the Exam iriers- in-Chief . Accordingly, and also
because I understand that talking pictures are
practically a dead issue with us, I recommend that
this amplication be abandoned.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1130 Nickel-Plating
U.S. Patent#: 1371414
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 6/12/1919
■Ju j M-; *7^
w. ,
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4. ik-^Y
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j> ’Jl.Ur.'- U\w-
A^ivve. dul<r-
condition. The solution of the plating hath being thus
maintained substantially neutral and concentrated, I am
enabled to impress a sufficiently high current on the cell
to continuously nickel plate at approximately the maximum
rate which is possible when using a concentrated solution
k£z
of nickel sulphate, namely, at about five times tM^at which
it is possible to nickel plate when using the ordinary nickel
plating bath consisting of a concentrated solution of nickel
\ ammonium sulphate.
^ In my preferred arrangement, as shovaai in the draw-
: 'ing, solution is withdrawn from the plating bath of the cell
I 1 through a pipe 7 leading' to a ^orce pump 8 which is_ driven
\by a suitable motor 9. The pump 8 forces the solution^ /-v<.
•through a conventional^™,' of filter press 10^ consisting of
alternately arranged frames 11 and filter plates 12.
W-Eic-len* amount-*-?- u . .atnlil n - .
jgmfnraMfr nloke^hjdroxidey-isJ^Bposed LJn th? fr^s.U
\ , ' . J-:j. in- W-..' -"-'r
f to completely neutralize all acid which may be present in
; Vthe solution and to combine therewith to form a sufficient
to restore the solution— to__LM
'a°-
%caU. \\jT wh- (l yiyie.
■v CiidAfvt A <.mL, U'/iu-iJL i\uwwJbidj£ rtc Mu
Jt
V
' ir7
Z/in- A&Z-rt^fcl ~ -Lt: / ^
V,^'v'a*._» _ V <c£**~’ • '»*£**&$ <*( -llv,<-
concentrated condition^ Prom the filter press 10 the solu-
tion is conveyed 1
t hy a pipe 13 to a suitable tank 14-^
<t‘een nejitxaitesi. If-i-t-±s-f ound't ha t the sojttft ion -last i 11
\Wo-u. w o$y*e?rf>‘ Hc.C<i^l
acid, an ffddit^naljispw^^
-tntn. the flltamw— - - The ncutgl^od and^ one, entrap _ ^
aotetion la then- wi thdrnum-feenr-the^i^ tank 14^ through a
pipe 15 as hy means of a pump J.6 whi.ch is driven from a
djn.sC''
suitable motor. 17, ^ forced by the pump through a pipe 18
back into the cell 1. J The pumps 8 and 16 are^operated at
such speeds and the parts of the appwwtt^ shown are so
proportioned and arranged that the plating bath will be
maintained at a substantially constant level and at the Bame
time the solution will be circulated from the cell through
I the filter press 10 to the test tank 14 and back to the cell
at such a rate as to maintain the acid content of the plating
bath ^at^ajn-lnlmum.
While I have illustrated -my invention by describing
the preferred arrangement for carrying out such process, it
*
is to be understood that bath -the process and *he arrangement
are abject to various modifications without departure from
the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended
claims.
Having now described my invention, what X claim as
new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is as fillows:-
■ y^Xu£t cK
(p, /rtli 1^ ^ tc P'tx-exj^rt- C
T oLe^ icc tux
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trvJUvI a-L^CU<. .Lot&*
'tU uv^/i/x^ Uocf" cUCU^c
fantfttu <r^ u 1Wo ^
!Phe process of electro-plating, which consists in
circulating the plating solution in an endless path including
the plating hath of the electrolytic cell and chemically
treating such solution without the hath, s.a.d.
The process of electro-plating^ which consists in
withdrawing solution fronyfoe plating/hath of the electrolytic
cell, chemically treati/g the withdraw^ solution and then
returning the same to the plating hath, s.a.d.
^e pro'cess of electro-plating, which consists in
continuously withdrawing solution from the plating hath of
the electrolytic cell, chemically treating the withdrawing
solution ana continuously returning the same to the plating
hath, s.a.d.
■3A? The process of electro -plating, which consists in
circulating the plating solution in an endless path including
the plating hath of the electrolytic cell and a filter press
or equivalent device, s.a.d.
The process of electro-plating, which consists in
circulating the plating solution in an endless path including
the plating hath of the electrolytic cell, and cleaning the
solution^at a point without said hath, s.a.d.
X-
.X/i
Kaav~ 'Bie pxuci
satso-piatlng, which consists
in withdrawing solution from' th f plating hath of the
electrolytic oell, oleaning/the withdrawing solution and
then returning the 3ame /o the plattae: bath, s.a.d.
'Ihe process of electro-plating, which consists
in continuously withdrawing solution from the plating bath
of the electrolytic oell, cleaning the withdraw teg solution
and contiguously returning the same to the plating bath.
\/ ■[&■. in an arrangement of the class described, an
electrolytic cell, means comprising a substance for chemically
treating the solution of the plating bath of such coll,
means fok^i'tW'r&wijig solution from the bath of said cell and
passing the same through said substance, and me ans^for^re turn¬
ing the solution which passes through such substance to said
bath.
/ 7 '
19-* In an arrangement of the class described, an
electrolytic cell, a filter press or equivalent device con¬
taining dike^ubstance for chemically treating the solution
of the plating bath of said cell, means for^v
solution from the plating bath of said oell and passing the
same through said filter press or equivalent device, and
means for* 'return!^ the solution which passes through such
filter press or equivalent device to said bath, s.a.d.
24K In an arrangement of the class described.
i electrolytic cell, means adapted to clean the solution
of the plating hath of said cell, means for withdrawing
solution from said bath and passing the same through said
cleaning moans, and moans for^returning^the solution which
passes throughg€uch cleaning meuns to said bath, s.a.d.
\A?
•3#.' In an arrangement of the class described, an
electrolytic cell, a filter press or equivalent dovice, means
solution from the plating bath of said cell
and passing the same through said filter press or equivalent
device, and means for returning^rhe solution which passes
through such filter press
r equivalent device to said bath,
[ON BACK OF PREVIOUS DOCUMENT]
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TO ALL V/HOII ir'MAY'CC®6EBilt““"'r^ ''i- 4
BE IT KNOY/N that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
of the United Statea and a resident of Llewellyn Park, Weat
Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey, have invented certain new
and useful improvements in NICKEL-PLATING, of which the fol¬
lowing is a description: -
In plating nickel eleotrolytieally, it has, up
'to the present time, been customary to employ a solution of
nickel ammonium sulphate for the electrolyte or plating bath
of the electrolytic cell. Nickel-plating^ with such a cell
is a comparatively slow process, due to the fact that the
strongest solution of nickel ammonium sulphate it is possible
to obtain is a 7$ solution, with the result that the cell will
carry only a weak, current and the nickel is therefore &«?••***■
^ plated out of the solution only at a very slow rate. -
The principal object of my invention is to provide
an improved process and arrangement, whereby nickel plating
eleotrolytieally may be carried on at a much greater rate
than has heretofore been practicable,
It has teen proposed to i
of nickel sulphate «**^the electrolyte or plating hath of m
electrolytic cell, as it is possihle to obtain a 37# solu¬
tion of nickel sulphate, and consequently with such a bath
it is possible to impress a current on the cell sufficiently
hi$i to plate the nickel out of the bath onto the cathode
about five times as fast as is the case when a concentrated
solution of nickel ammonium sulphate is used for the electro-
^ However, in Jit* cells heretofore used «•&& in which
a concentrated solution of nickel sulphate is employed as
the plating bath, the latter quiokly becomes acid. This is
due to the fact that in the operation of such oellj the nickel
dissociated or separated from the nickel sulphate is plated
on or taken up by the cathode more qa&oJris-^-'Tihan it is replaced
by nickel from the anode, or in other words, more quinUy than
so*
the nickel from the anode combines with the .dissociated »*-
ILnJOL
17 Consequently, the
exoess <&f S04 combines with hydrogen dissociated .from the water
in the solution hy the electric current^ form sulphuric
acid. The amount of sulphuric acid so formed continually 3
increases and as this acid acts to dissolve the nickel de-
uously withdrawing solution from the plating hath of such a ^ j
cell, treating the withdrawn solution with twc^stanhfe which
will neutralize all the acid and^ restore the solution to its
concentrated condition, and then returning the same to the
cell, the hath will he kept jMr&otic ally free from acid or .
substantially neutral^ ^Jand consequently the efficiency ox the
A A
cell will he ^maintained at substantially ^itB maximum pofyat
For a clearer understsuading of my invention, at¬
tention is directed to the drawing accompanying and forming
part of this specification, in which the single figure is a
diagrammatic view showing the preferred arrangement for car¬
rying out- my improved process.
Ref^^in^^o__,|he drawing, reference character 1
represents ^electrolytic cell comprising a nickel anode
2, a cathode 3 on which the nickel is to he plated, and an
electrolyte or plating hath 4 consisting of a concentrated
solution of nickel sulphate in which the anode and cathode
.
are disposed. Reference characters 5 and 6 represent con¬
ductors respectively connected to the anode 2 and cathode 3
and supplying current to the cell from any suitable source
(not shown). As explained above, when the cell 1 is in
operation, .it tends to quickly lose its efficiency, due to
the production of sulphuric acid in the plating bath. In
order to prevent this, I maintain the bath substantially
neutral and concentrated by continuously withdrawing solu-
faCk~ fa. Af-tfaSA,'
tion from the bath, treating the withdrawn solution with a
A
sufficient amount c
hydroxide^ to completely neutralize any acid which may be
present therein and to react with such acid to form an ad¬
ditional amount of nickel sulphate sufficient to restore the
solution to its concentrated condition, and then returning
such neutralized and concentrated solution to the bath.
In other words, I continuously circulate the solution of
wc JLuu tfc tikZZj 4
,th mb Inh Innn1nd<in .the cell (J
A
nickel sulphate in an endless path v
1, and treat the solution at a point in said path and without
the uU. so as to completely neutralize all acid which may
be present therein and restore the i
t to its concentrated
condition/ The -solution of the plating hath being thus main¬
tained substantially neutral and concentrated, I am enabled to
impress sufficiently high current oh the cell to continuously
nickel plate at approximately the maximum rate which is poss¬
ible when using a concentrated solution of nickel sulphate,
namely, at about five times the rate at which it is possible
to nickel plate when using an ordinary nickel plating bath
consisting of a concentrated solution of nickel ammonium sul¬
phate.
In my .preferred arrangement, as shorn in the drawing,
the solution is withdrawn from the plating bath of the cell 1
through a pipe 7 leading to a force pump B which is driven
hy a suitable motor 9. The pipe 7 is provided with a verti¬
cal upper end portion disposed in the^bath 4. the upper end
of such, portion terminating ^ distance below the level at
which the electrolyte would stand if all of the electrolyte
employed were present in the cell. accordingly, the p P
7 constitutes an overflow for constantly maintaining the
level of the plating bath at the upper end of this pipe and
for continuously withdrawing solution from the plating bath
and removing from the latter dirt and scum which accumulates
on its surface. The pump 8 forces the solution withdrawn
from the plating hath 4 hy the overflow pipe 7 through a
conventional form of filter press 10 or equivalent device
consisting of alternately arranged frames 11 and. filter plates
12. , Disposed in the frames; 11 is an amount of nickel hydrox¬
ide in excess of that nc... .--ury to completely neutralize all
Jc & UtcU^ Kr
acid which -may he present( in the withdrawn solution^** to J'
combine therewith to form a sufficient amount of nickel sul- *
<
phate to restore the solution to its concentrated condition. |
The nickel hydroxide is preferably introduced into the filter
press by adding^ sufficient VantitJ^of powdered nickel hy¬
droxide to the solution. at a point in its passage from the
(ftTUVa.
cell to the filter press, for example, at the pump 8.^ Cakes
of nickel hydroxide are thus formed on all of the filtering
cloths of the filter press, which insures all of the solu¬
tion withdrawn from the plating hath being forced through
nickel hydroxide so as to completely neutralize and restore
the same to its concentrated condition. Moreover, substan¬
tially all dirt will he removed from t^gggpty ol^g,
passage through the filter pre'ss^ \ From the filter press 10
the clean;neutralized and concentrated solution is conveyed
hy a pipe 13 to a suitable tank 14 from which it is withdrawn
through a pipe 15 by means of a pump 16 which is driven from
a suitable motor 17^ and then forced by the pump 16 through a
pipe 18 back into the cell 1. The pumps 8 and 16 are pref-
erably operated at such speeds and the - 4-
rangement shown are so proportioned and arranged that solu-
tion will be withdrawn from the plating bath and pass through
thdrawn from the pit
<5 n+. « rattS* rienvlir *
the filter press at a^rate^ nearly equal to the filtering
capacity of the press, -for the quicker the circulation of
lgfi will be maintained. By the use of the arrangement
shown and described, all of the electrolyte is .continuously
maintained in substantially concentrated condition and^con-
^•(ie.4 C'Vj'i-y 4
tinuously -***■ perfectly filtered autnmntihnnv^
A
While X have illustrated my preferred process and the
^ arrangement for carrying out such process, it is to be under-
Mjl (V'*L
+- tVi n n nHir are subject to^various modifications with¬
stood that^l
out departure from the spirit of my invention and the scope
of the appended claims.
Having now described, etc.
) •n/*
N
1. She process of nickel-plating, which consists
in employing a solution of nickel sulphate for nn nlrnfryw-
I 1 ill nil trtv i withdrawing solution from said hath.
treating the withdrawn solution with nickel hydroxide, and
•h'hop returning the solution to the bath,» s.a.d.
j ^ .w , 2. The process of nickel-plating electrolytically,
Uiil
« which consists in circulating a solution of nickel sulphate
■ ^ju^Y^****
in an endless bath oowteiniwg the electrolytic cell, and treat-
ing such solution in said fcath and without the eail aa-aa to
4|4i) . . ......
3. The process Of nickel-plating electrolytically,
which consists .in circulating a solution of nickel sulphate
in an endless |>athAaos^*4»4HS the electrolytic cel3^. and a
filter press .containing nr id -neutrally lug malcj.la.1, □ . o.iH
4. The process of nickel-plating^ej^e'tfolytically,
, which consists in continuously ciyeitlating a solution of
nickel sulphate in ^epd^e^s ^ath^onntntning the electrolytic
cell, and neutyrfflzing any acid whioh may he present in said
sol^Jrletf at a point in said |»ath without such e*H, s.a.d.
J&Z The process of nickel-plating, which
gAs-fw-. ji-JU-tuiy cfc Cln,Cc<:Zti\.«,(&t
in employing ^solution of nickel sulphate^ tor the
pi ntl tig >wth , withdrawing solution from said hath a:
ing the same through a filter press containing a uabutancc
,U ^
jac/thAa -of neutralising any acid which may he present in
trl'. .'JX.x. tflk- f«va«v>:<.u.i
the solution, and then returning the solution to the hath,
CrXZ^Mrv/Uvy
3 •
■«. The process of nickel-plating, which consists
qm, tHuSCr- Cn,<--iu?Ji‘<g ctjj-
in employing.^ solution of nickel sulphate^ £o»— the-j&^ertrtpg
sCL*- AAjt'JiP\~ fatsd-Mf- ^3-f'l/ f'J^
hath, withdrawing the solution from said "bath and forcing
A A
the same through a filter press containing nickel hydroxide,
rui^W' "(T—
and then pwiapln^ the solution ba»k— into the hath, s.a.d.
7. In an arrangement of the class described,
an electrolytic cell containing a Bolutlon^JsMprising a
nickel-plating hath, a filter pr^g^gontalning^ aaid ■nmutyal-
1 friiBfi aataad °1 , means c no n n tin flu 1 1 for withdrawing
the solution from^tofd hath and forcing the same through the
filter prptfsAy^d means for returning the solution which
pas lies through the filter press to the hath.
y/ K In ail arrangement of the class described, an
electrolytic cell containing a nickel-plating bath consisting
of a eolation of nickel WWh .«• , *
c^Uwawhuu ^a'-pa''r1LL(' r '
nickel hydroxide .Mneans^ for withdrawing solution from said
bath and forcing the same through. the filter press, and means
for returning the solution ***■*« foread^through the filter
press to the bath, s.a.d.
rj
/ In an arrangement of thd class described, an
electroplating lath oo.pri.lng a solution
a device. containing nickel hydroxide, means^or withdrawing
solution^ from said bath and forcing the same through «»
nickel hydroxide in said device and means for returning -mU.
I
. . - i „ n rt,- ngnaing the nickel hydrox-
solution.to fi a Id -bu Ih after paouing^
ide^
S'
Jto. in an arrangement of the class described, a
nickel-plating lath co.prialng a .olnti.n of .UMJ. .«l»h*te.
a device containing a substance capable of
t?- jUu-i. /ulj'k,^ ■
phuric aildA means for withdrawing «» solution from said
bath and passing the same through the substance in said device,
and means for returning the solution which ha-
said substance to the bath, s.a.d.
b through
°l
jar. In an arrangement of the class described, a
nickel plating bath comprising a solution of nickel sulphate,
a device containing nickel hydroxide, means for withdrawing
solution from 3aid bath and forcing the same through the nickel
hydroxide in said device, a tneWMc tank, means for convoying
the solution from said device to the to»ttog tank, and means
for returning the solution^ from said tank to said bath, s.a.d.
lb
2£T. In an arrangement of the class described, a
nickel-plating bath comprising a solution of nickel sulphate,
a filter press containing nickel hydroxide, means for with¬
drawing solution from said bath and forcing the same through
said filter press, a tank, means for conveying solution
from said filter press to said tank, and means comprising
a pump for withdrawing the solution from Bald tank and return¬
ing the same to said hath, s.a.d.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1131 Electroplating
U.S. Patent#: 1359972
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 6/18/1919
a compound of selenium, such as a selenide, a metal electro-
lytioally plated on the member so treated may be easily
stripped therefrom without dange_r of injuring or defacing
the opposed 'surfaces , no matter how delicately they may be
figured or designed; and in general my invention resides in
a metallic member adapted to be electro-plated with metal and
til » of ttl. ohorootor. md ol.o i» tto
process of providing the metallic member to be plated with
such a seating or film.
While I shall specifically describe the application
of toy invention to the electro-plating of iliokel^on a metall-
io member formed o
it is to be distinctly understood that thiB’ iB merely^ na*a- ;
^astrs."-si3»T-*d |
da. ..tar
in oarrving out my invention in the electroplating j
•' " - - -d-d-~-> t i first preferably
of a member formed of
ehomlonlly- aaim
dean the ospyr member. a
WfcHrrJIOt
2..Q- -
aatitaok!" «c oo
jpr dirt and grease^ The^ oleanPfc ***** member Is now im¬
mersed or otherwise subjected to the i
tvJ&tyW**** i
of selenious aoid. The ooppe-r will reduce the selenium from
the selenious aoid and combine therewith to produce on the
■
surface of the ogpper member Jithin integral^ oeating or
i film of selenide _ of ooppor. The o^pper-aombar in eubje+tad
to the action of the solution of selenious aoid until the
or fnm of selenide of copper formed thereon has a
reddish tint and preferably until such o eating has a de^to^ ^
“ a
jBi^^lokel^^fcas*** electroplated on the oepper mem-
Av< •
ber provided with the^ integral aaettng or film of selenide
ubjeoted to the action of a solution
avw.CS ('/■ -dyiviuA-.
v. _ _ / +.Y>*> nfilfinium from
in the usual manner and then stripped or removed
from-
of selenide^ of-oopp** enables^
vyvyv, OAtAft**' 7
film I
wm— to-
I
t^-be very readily removed or stripped thereirom without danger
^wo-L ( )\^&x _
. of defaoing the opposed surfaoes of the=«tcfcel and thr nnppor
member, «i- I find that best results are obtained when the
JL^oa. ,-L if uftn/i' frviJL
film ~r/x — ^produced 'on tho- oepper, member has a dark red
SjMvtidz. ( wM, y gj>- ck^SiJ^ 'LlAl^
n tpper^may be very economleally^pwevliei wlth-a
h^-Jdz. £.*»■'■ '/ C-//:'"~J _ i
ooatlngof-a8lonJ.de of-mi/pi-i uu I. Pirnl *hM three oublo
centimeters of a solution of selenlous sold containing fire
percent of selenium, when mixed with two hundred oublo cent!-.
meters of water, will suffice to cover
surface area of one and one-half square feet with
A
a film of selenlde of copper having a dark red tint.
'll'/
^ Any metal including nickey
which will reduoe selenium from selenlous acid may he pre>-
*5=hi-
Having now described my invention, what I claim ai
» and desire to protect by Letters Patent is as follows:-
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1133 Cleaning of Metallic Surfaces
U.S. Patent#: 1369271
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 6/24/1919
-fc> C-Ce^^
-- ^li><U-^ tCoc
. fluC
<rpW —
<lc5&^*Cl
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 1 39 Storage-Battery Electrode and the Production of Same
U.S. Patent#: 1402751
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 8/28/1919
[ON BACK OF PREVIOUS DOCUMENT]
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1140 Storage Battery
U.S. Patent#: 1379088
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 9/13/1919
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 1 41 Production of Nickel
Serial #: 324291
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 9/16/1919
Address.
Applicant. 3<zl£
t^ld****)*^- . Qj. ...... .
. . .
t f f / 9 ' *? Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee
Ass’g’t Exec.
Recorded Liber
Patent No . - _ _ Issued
Page
7.
8
10
11
12.
13
14
15
■ ACTIONS.
QLtjb u-i < 7 / f i6 „(2^^ ? **
_ - 18
_ _ 19 .
. 20
_ _ __ 21
. . 22
. 23
_ _ 24
. . 25
. . 26
. . 27
. . _ _ .......... 28
_ _ 29
'• _ .._ 30
DYER & HOLDEN,
ORANGE, NEW JERSEY. , ^
j
petition
®o ti|p (Hommiaaioner of Patents :
$our Petitioner THOMAS A. EDISON,
a ritigen of tiff Uuitrii States, reaihing anil Ijatiing a Poet ©ffire abbreaa at
Llewellyn Pari, iVout Orange, County of Essex, State of Now Jersey,
prays tljat letters patent may he granteh to him for tlje impronementB in
PHODUCTION OP NICKEL
Bft fortlj in tlje annexeii aperifiration ; anil Ije Ijerehy appointa Sycr & Sjoliirn
(Registration No. 3244) a firm rompoeeli of 3Frank C. Syer anil leloa golden,
mlfoae ahhreaa ia Ehiaon ©ffire luilhiug. ©range, Nem Jersey, tjia attorneya,
mitlj full pomer of auhatitution anil renoration, to proamrte tljia appliration, to
make alterationa ani) omenhinenta tljerein, to rereioe tl)e patent anil to tranaart
all huaineaa in tlje patent ©ffire ronnerteh tljcreuiitlj.
^ i^ri . CU ■ _
SPECIFICATION
TO AIL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a oltlzen
of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn park, In
the Town of West Orange, County of Essex ana State of New
Jersey, have made certain new and useful Improvements In
the PRODUCTION 0? NICKEL of which the following Is a de-
sorlptlon;-
Hy Invention relates to the production of nlokel
and more particularly to the production of malleable nickel
eleotrolytloally.
Heretofore It haB been Impossible to produce
malleable nickel eleotrolytloally due to the fact that
large quantities of hydrogen are evolved upon the passage
of ourrent through electrolytic cells containing nickel-
plating baths consisting of solutions of nickel Balts such
as are usually employed In the eleotro-platlng of nickel,
Isome of this nasoent hydrogen being absorbed by and some
gathering on and adhorlng to the surfaoe of the nlokel
plated onto the cathode which results In such nlokel being
brittle and rough. >
My Invention resides Uyaalleable nlokel directly
produced^ eleotrolytloally, and also In on Improved nlokel
1 plating bath the ubs of which In eleotrolytlo cells enables
such nlokel to be produoed.
I have found that malleable nlokel of any thlok-
iess desired may be dlreotly produoed eleotrolytloally In
m eleotrolytlo oell having a nlokel-platlng bath containing
a proper proportion of any of a number of certain agentB
oapable of reaotlng chemically with hydrogen under the
Influence of the oatalytle properties of the nlokel thrown
out of the plating solution In the operation of the oell,
whereby the absorption of any hydrogen by the nlokel
plated on the cathode and the formation of any free hy¬
drogen In the operation of the oell will be prevented.
The nickel plated onto the cathode when such an agent la
used in the nlokel-platlng bath will be of fine texture,
soft and malleable, and substantially free from brittle¬
ness, Internal stresses and strains, and therefore will
have no tendency to crack or to curl away from the cathode
regardless of the thickness to whloh It Is plated thereon.
The nickel thus produced Is also finer and more nearly
pure than malleable nickel produced by any of the other
methods now known. Moreover when a cell having a nlokel-
platlng bath containing the proper proportion of such an
agent Is employed. It Is possible to Irapross on the oell
a ourrent having a density many times greater and conse¬
quently to plate out the nlokel onto the cathode many times
faster than Is possible In the case of nlokel-platlng cells
employing eleotrolytes consisting of solutions of the usual
salts employed In the nlokel-platlng Industry.
My Invention Is based on the discovery that the
results above described may be obtained by the use of an
electrolytic cell having a nlokel-platlng bath containing
a suitable amount Q? a salt of a fatty add, pxel’erably
acetate ofjal.okel or an alkaline acetate. While some
citrates and tartrates of tho alkaline metals also con¬
stitute agentB having the property of reacting ohemloally
with the nasoant hydrogen evolvod In tha operation of a
nlokel-platlng call ao as to pravant suoh hydrogen from be-
| Ing ahaorbad by tha nlokel plated on the aathode and also
to prevent tha formation of any free hydrogen, I find that
1 none of tha salts of fatty aolds are so cheap and efficient
j to employ for this purpose as the alkaline acetate a, suoh as
{ aoetate of soda or magnesia. ) I preferably employ aoetate
I I of magnesia as the agent for reaotlng with the nascent
hydrogen evolved In the operation of nlokel-platlng cells,
and In this case employ a nlokel-platlng bath preferably
oomprLslng a nearly saturated solution of nickel sulphate
mixed with the aoetate of magnesia substantially In the
proportions of 360 o.o. of the solution of nlokel sulphate
and a grans of the aoetate of magnesia. When an electric
current of high density Is passed through an electrolytic
0eii containing suoh a bath, the hydrogen usually evolved
or given off Immediately disappears, as all suoh hydrogen
at once enters Into a reaction with the aoetate of magnesia
under the catalytic action of the nlokel thrown out of the
bath. The nickel plated onto the oathode Is thus pre¬
vented from absorbing any of this nasoent hydrogen and In
addition prevents free hydrogen from gathering on or ad¬
hering to the surface of tha plating on the oathode whLoh
would cause rough plating.
Having now described ray Invention, wbat I claim
as new and desire to protect by letters Patent Is as fol¬
lows:
1. A nickel-plating bath for an eleetrolytlo
oell oontalnlng a subatanoe oapable of reacting oharaloally
with hydrogen whereby the formation of free hydrogen In
the operation of the oell la prevented, substantially as
described.
2. A nickel-plating bath for an electrolytic
oell oontalnlng a substance oapable of reaotlng ohemloally
with hydrogen under the Influence of the catalytic proper¬
ties of nLckel thrown out of the bath In the operation of
the oell whereby the absorption of hydrogen by the nlokol
plated on the oathode la prevented, substantially as de¬
scribed.
"3. A nickel-plating bath for an eleetrolytlo
oell oontalnlng a salt of a fatty add,- substantially aB
described.
' ■ 4. A nlokel- plating bath for an electrolytic
cell oontalnlng an alkaline salt of a fatty aold, substan¬
tially as described,
/.
n 5. A nickel-plating bath for an electrolytic
oell oontalnlng an acetate, substantially as described.
6. A nickel-plating bath for an electrolytic
oell oontalnlng acetate of magnesia, substantially as de¬
scribed.
^-7. A nickel-plating bath for an eleotrolytlo.
oell oomprlslng a solution of nlokel sulphate and & ^galt
of a fatty aold, substantially as desorlbed.
4
■ 8. A nickel-plating bath for an elaotrolytlo
coll comprising a solution of niokel sulphate and an acetate,
substantially as dasorlbad.
"'9. A nlokal-platlng bath for an elaotrolytlo
oell comprising a solution of nickel Bulphate and acetate
of magnesia, substantially as described..
10. A nlokol-platlng bath for an electrolytic
cell comprising a nearly saturated solution of nickel sul¬
phate mixed with an aoatate substantially In the proportion
of 260 o.c. of the solution of nickel sulphate and 8 grams
of acetate of magnesia, substantially as described.
^ll. A nickel-plating bath for an elaotrolytlo
oell comprising a nearly saturated solution of niokel
sulphate mixed with aoatate of magnesia substantially In
the proportion of 260 o.c. of the solution of nickel
sulphate and 8 grams of acetate of magnesia, substantially
as described.
f 12. Malleable niokel produced directly electro-
lytlcally, substantially' as described.
13. IJlckel produoed directly oleotrolytloally
In an electrolytic oell comprising a nlokel-platlng bath
containing a substance oapable of reacting chemically with
hydrogen whereby the formation of free hydrogen In the
operation of the oal-1 la prevented, substantially as de¬
scribed.
-1
14. xiLokel produoed directly oleotrolytloally
6
I an electrolytic cell comprising a nickel-plating bath
containing -a celt of a fatty acid. substantially ao do-
soribod.
16. nickel produced directly eleotrolytloally
Ln on electrolytic cell comprising a nickel-plating batb
containing. an acetate, substantially as described.
16. iNlokel produood directly, olectrolytioally
in an electrolytic cell comprising a nickel-plating batb
j containing an acetate of magnesia, substantially as de-
j aoribed.
SHjia agerifiration aigneb tljta
/ (a sOto
bag of 191 ^
• A/ . HeziClS&D-ist — _
®atl}.
State nf SJeio Jrraeg )
(flnuutg nf (%-e-c-j t* )
THO.'tAS A. EDISOU , % abnoe nameD
petitioner, being Dulg Biunrn, Degases anD saga that be ia a ritinen nf tljr IniteD
States, anD a reaiDent nf uewellyn Park, west orange, Essex County,
Hew Jersey,
tljat Ije tierilg belieneB Ijimaelf to be the original, first anD sole innentnr nf tlje
imgrooeinent in
PRODUCTION OP KICKED
DearribeD anD rlainteD in the annexeD agerifiration; tljat ije Does not knniu anD
Dnea nnt beliene tljat tlje same uiaa ener known nr uaeD before ljia inoentinn nr
Diarnoerg tljerenf; nr gatenteD nr DearribeD in ang grinteD gubliratinn in tlje
IniteD States nf Amcrira nr ang fnreigu rmnUrtt befnre ljia inoeittinn nr
Diarnoerg tljerenf, nr more tljan twn gears grinr tn tljia aggliratinn; nr gatenteD
in ang rnuntrg foreign tn tlje IniteD States nit an aggliratinn fileD bg Ijim nr
ljia legal regreaentatioea nr aaaigna utnre tljait twelne montlja grinr tn tljia
aggliratinn; nr in gublir use nr nn sale in tlje IniteD States for more tljan two
gears grinr tn this aggliratinn; anD tljat nn aggliratinn for patent ngon aaiD
inoentinn Ijaa been fileD bg Ijitn nr ljia legal regreaentatioea nr aaaigna in ang
foreign rnuntrg.
Suioru tn anD anbarribeD befnre
(V -
tljia Dag nf/^4^^H^t-a/^191 "7
Nntarg flublir.
2-260
Ha/RAJ
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Oot. 4. 1919,
Dyer and Holden. _
_ Rdlson Offloe Bldg.
_ Orange? N J . _
Please find, below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
T A Bdlaon, Production of Nickel.
384,891, filed Sap. 18. 1919.
§.
Commissioner of Patents.
Claims 1 to 10, /inclusive, 13 to 16 inclusive, are i
j acted on - , /
Keith, 181,383 Nov. 88, 1871, 804 S H 128.
Claim 13 is rejeoted on---
Waston, 2^/o?0, Teo. 17, 1878, same olass.
Attention is also directed to— .
Pendleton, 23ij61B, 8ep. 28, 1880, 204 3 R 128.
Yates, 224,2^3, Pet. 3, 1880, same olass.
Aotg. Examiner, Div. 3.
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July 31, 1920
Mr. Thomas A. Bdlson;
Attached Is your application relating to the produc¬
tion of malleable nickel by eleotro-platlng.
You will note that the Patent Offloe haB rejeoted all
of the claims except claim 11, and It seems to me that the refer¬
ences olted, especially patent 121,383 to Keith and patent 211,070
to Weston, come pretty close to disclosing the Invention. How¬
ever. I shall be glad If you will oonslder these references, and
give me what suggestions you can as to how Invention distin¬
guishes therefrom,
William A. Hardy
Jbk Z^c
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United States Patent Office.
NATHANIEL SHEPARD KEITH, OF NEW YORK, N..Y.
IMPROVEMENT IN NICKEL-PLATING.
of Lett«r.P.t.ot No. 1*1,383, dated November *8, 1871.
it I, Nathaniel Shepabd
Keith, of tlio city, couuty, and St
York, lmve invented certain Inmrt
Procesa of Nickel-Plutiugi .and I do hereby de¬
clare that the following is a full, clear, and- en¬
act description thereof, which will enable others
skilled iu the art to make and use the some.
The object of tb is invention is to prepare solu¬
tions for «lgpoMiHiig nickel by. electricity, to be
used ns a coutin g to other metals, which will uro-
■luiotiiiiiloiiositsnfllciently flexible and tenaejass
^KbjcotUm 'to nickcl-platctl goods thus far
is that the deposit Is an brittle that iteannot be
bout, nor uu ninny ariielesstand necessary wear
evgnlf not beiit, and that it will ^lso scale or
formed by the'nnion of the various organic golds,
acgtuujiitrio, ond tartiirio, with tlio alkalies and
alkaline earths, ammonia, .Bodarpotaesaihmgne-
sia,' or jilmnina. . These additions counteract the
'tendency to decomposition of the solution by ac¬
tion of the eleotrio current. The result is n de¬
posit possessing elasticity, .toughness, aud all the
hardness, brilliancy, and other quaHtieaj>f_pure
a.,, lu.su objections I overcome' by ...„ - -
tioli, which produces the nickel-plating so.eljistic
mill, at tlio same time, adhesive, that it may bo
udvantagcoualy employeiTeven on the blades of
The iinturc of my invention consists in adding
to tlio various miniinnnnf nlckiii. whether formed
of single or double salts, materials which, by
thoir presence, prevent the decomposition of tlic
solution of the plating-bath and the deposition
of oxidu uf nickel and 'other impurities upon thr
articles receiving the coating of nickel.
Tlio greatest care is necessary in the mauage
. l ... li... —i.. n..., s of nickel now used lor
Even with tlie greatest care tlio coating of niok-
cl is aiwavH brittle, and easily cracks and pcols
off when exposed to usage, on ncconnt of deeoir-
pusitiou of tlio solution by tlio electricity cam
Ing the deposit .
For proveiiting and overcoming tins brittleness
and otherwise improving the deposit of nickel I
add to a aojution of nickel— be the same sulphate
of nickel, elil<irido_ofjiickel, douldfi_suiphnte.of
niekeriind.ani_monia, tluubly_chlondo_of .nickel
mid ammonium, aumioiiiC'Sulpbute of nickel, am-
iiloni <ln n I it nk t doul a ilpl ite.o nicji
- - - to of nickel_andj
el dept
additic — - , -
suited to polished steel and iron suriaces— for
instance, cutlery and tools— though equally good
for all other metallic Burfaces. These various or¬
ganic acid salts may be iiddgdjiitercliaiigeably:
ail'd collectively, though rpreler to' use, m case
ortho double softs of uiokol and alkalies and id-,
kaline eartliB, the Drganic_ncidsaUij, which have
for their bases tlieWKairor alkalme earth which
is associated with tHenickcHn its double Bait,
Thus, when using a solution of nickel and am- .
- 1- r — «icid salt of ammonia,
soda and potash .or
soda'or potash will answer very well. In case
of using a solution of a’ double salt of nickel and
potossa or double salt of nickel and soda, I pre¬
fer to use an organic acid Balt of soda and potash.
Of the salts which can bo used to accomplish
the desired effect I prefer the tartrates, though
■ Umit my discovery to tlieio. Neither do
quantUiesof theircom p one lit parts aud in the
strength and grayity'of the solution to suit v*
I have found that a comparativiilj\HmalLquan-
tity of the organic salts is necessary to be added,
theuglTmore will not change the character of
thI wdS°mako an illustration, .which the- experi¬
enced electro-plater can apply to all solutions ot
niokel. To twenty gallons of a solution in wai¬
ter of the double aidnbate of nickel and ammo¬
nia of a gravity oFTOBaumd I add about one
gallon of a solution of ail equal gravity of neu¬
tral tartrate of ammonia in water. . Aiix well,
and the bath will be ready after standing a few
C
wherein local action would interpose — provided ^
the solutions were left in an acid condition.
What 'l claim as my invention, and desire to
secure by Letters Patent, is— .
Plating solutions made by the addition of the
acid or neutral salts, formed by the union of or¬
ganic acida with a base or bases, to the solutions
(>f the «,.,s «f -k
(113)
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United States patent Office.
EDWARD WESTON, OF NEWARK, ASSIGNOR TO EDWARD E. QUIMBY, OF
ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC NICKEL.
Specification forming r"rt ot
To all whom it man concern :
Bo it known tlint I, Edwaud Weston, of
Nowntlc, Now Jovsoy, hnvo invented a certain
Improvement in tlio Manufacture of Malleable
Ductile Nickel, of which the following is a
specification: ..... ...
My invention cousists in tlio production, as
a now artioloof manufacture, of nickel, which,
l>v reasoti of its toughness, malleability, and
ductility may bo employed m the arts, sub-
stantiaily in the mmmor in wiiichbrnsa.cop-
por,and othor tough mallcablo metals nrooin-
Pliyam enabled to produce nickel having the
qualities which I have described, by reason,
first, Of m.v discovery that tlio additiouofjja;
rate of nickel (or other compounds of boron)
-'toTfireEcraepositing solution prevents the de-
1 posit of tlio sub-salts of nickel upon the catli-
odeTmndrcrntinidFcnsy to so regulate the
current as to prevent tho.cvoIution.of. hydro-
1 ceil from tlio lolutiou j and by reason, sec¬
ondly, ofmy. discovery that borate nf nickel,
although insob,’,,“ w-‘— - "
; uormn ni nicKci,
I Iiisoiuuio ill Slier, is very soluble in
• of the solutions of salts of nickel,
another pending application, designated
iso 11, 1 have described and claimed, ns a
now nrlielo of mnniifaoturc, a soluble salt of
•nickel and boron; and in anotEorpendiug' ap¬
plication? designated os CaseC, I have de¬
scribed and clniniod Iiickqlsoliltionscojuposcd
of salts of nickcl-mm salts of boron.
-T-im-vSTmiiTilUiat ill nil eases tlio addition
SA.
facilitate tlio production, by electrolysis, of
solid liomogoucous masses of nickel, which
may bo manufactured into ware of all kinds,
cutlery, surgical instruments and appliances,
I pens, and a variety of othor nrtiolos. Buck
articles may be formed citkor by direct depo¬
sition of the nickel in suitable molds, or from
sheots or bars of niokel deposited by the pro-
1 cess described in my pending application des¬
ignated CasoO, and afterward worked up into
. the desired shape. , , , , ...
There are other solutions of nickel which,
by the addition of the-borate.of niokel, (or of
other compounds of boron,) may be made to
buFtho solution which is herein described 1
consider the best for the purpose.
1 In the use of my solution the ordinary meth¬
ods of management are ndopted, and the elec¬
tric current is easily regulated as to quantity
and intensitv-so-as to prevent the evolution
1 ~“Ifa soSrETO mass of nickel be required,
it maybe deposited upon a black leaded mold
or surface, from which it is to be subsequently
removed. The mallcablo niokel may also bo
l depositedintko form of heavy plate upon sheet-
I copper. The malleability of the deposit and
jtho tenacity with whioli it adheres to tho
• same way as brass or copper ara worKou oy
the operations of rolling, punching, drilling,
spinning, drawing, stamping, or cutting.
Tlio rapidity of the deposition from the par¬
ticular solution which I have described, and ,
tho ease with which tho solution is managed, I
or rolled wituouc unnger m snipping vu ...v
D1Mv malleable nickel is readily distinguislia-
blcTlVdmofaiHaryumk'el by its comparatively
greater toughness, jnalleability,.audLductility ,
and' when, applied ns a pjate upon another
metnVit can also be distinguished by the com¬
paratively greater tenacity witli whicli it ad-
tierca to tlio surface upon winch it is deposited.
I claim us my invention—
As a new article of manufacture, a in alien-
l>lo ductile electro-deposit oTfltCEol, snbstan-
^^"^WlvESTGN.
Geo.W. Miatt.
L
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Or\
United States Patent Office.
CHARLES G. PENDLETON, OF NEW YOKE, N. Y.
SOLUTION FOR NICKEL-PLATING.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 232,618, dated Soptem
To all whom it may co:
Be f* . . . . .
York, _ -I - I _ _ , ,
5 provcment- in Niokel -Plating Solutions, of
which tho following ia a full, clear, and accu¬
rate description.
Tho object of ray invention relates to a now
and improved process of preparing solutions
o of oxideof nickel and acetic acid forniokol-
plating pur
... _ _ _ g; but these solutions linvo not
5 hitherto bcon so successful ns to give satisfac-
the work plated in tbpm being
uuniform, and often covered with
:k oxide of nickol.
' ■’ cs of these dila¬
tory results,
iraporfcct, ur
aK discovered -
10 cultics and the motlrod by wiiicn tuoy can uo
obviated. These dilllchlties in the prepara¬
tion arid use of solutions of oxido of nickel
and nectio acid may arise from tho impurities
of tho materials used, the euro of which is ob-
15 vious to all, but are principally duo to two
facts— first, that when neetioheid is added to
oxide of nickel tho chemical changes taking
place between the constituent parts of these
uintcrials require soino timo, and if, as is now
(O tho practice in uiakiug said solutions, water is
added to tiro combined add and nickel before
tho chemical changes havo fully tnkon place
chemical action Is delayed and continues slow-
‘ ly during the use of the solution in plating;
re second, that this does of solutions^ tlm Lis,
1 aestato.of.nlckel solutions— require to be pro-
parerTwlth uu oxccss of add and to bo.kept
markedly acid whllaTimsc; otlre-11" " “
lulioiTwiil not give satisfactory 1 - - .
LO I prepare my solution as'follows: I prefer
to make it iu quantities of fifty gallons, as
this is oproperquantityforordiuary tanks used
in nickel-plating, though either great or less
quantities may bo prepared at oue time, if de-
15 8 lo prepare fifty gallous of
action are thoroughly evolved and pass off. Iii
proparingsnidsolution I would recommend that
at least twenty-four hours should bo allowed to
-'apse before adding tho wntor to tho mixture. 55
10 mixture of oxideof nickel anil acotioncid
may be placed on a stove or sand-bath for tho
- oso of hastening tho chemical changes iu
fixture by heating it. A fter allowing tho
uro to Btand for such length of time ast6 Co
ullow the gases to pass off tho water Is added,
-id the solution is then ready for use,
lifpreparing solutions of greater or less
lumtities than fifty gallons, the quantities of
tiilo of nickel and acetic acid are, of course, 65
tried ; but the same relativo proportions are
reserved between them.
Great care should bo taken iu tho preparn-
..011 and use of this solution' that it shall con¬
tain at all times an excess of ncotio acid, aind 70
if iu making and testing it tho solution is found
not to have an acid reaction, sufficient ncotic
acid should be added to produce n markedly ,
acid reaction.
These solutions thus prepared and used do 7*
not become deplotcd in using, and require no
ndditiou of nickel to keen np their strength
other than that derived from the nickel of the
f ammonium ami any other sails.
Having thus described my invention, what 85
i claim, .and desire to secure by Letters Pat-
of niokfil mid beetle acid', Bail) solution having 90
' 2. Thfmutllbd of making acid solutions or
acetate of .nlokol, consisting in slowly digest-
inn oxTilo of niokel and acetic acid with or
without heat, so as to havo an excess of aoid 95
in tlm solution, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set
my hand this 2d day of October, 1879.
0. G. PENDLETON.
In presence of—
Ohables G. Gob,
B. T. Yah Bostebck.
i/
,1*'
United States Patent Office.
. JOSEPH YATES, OP MOTT IIAYEN, NEW YORK.
ELECTRO-DEPOSITION OF NICKEL.
SPECIFICATION foratns port of Letters Patent No. 224,263. date a February 3, II
To all wham it may concern!
* Bo it known Hint I, Joseph Yates, of Mott
Haven, in tho city, county, and Stnto of New
York, lmvo invented or discovered certain now
5 and useful Improvements in tlio Elcclro-Dep-
osition of Nickel, of which the following is a
specification.
It is well known that nickel has been found
to bo oue of tho most dillicult metals to de-
io posit successfully by electrolysis, and that
heretofore thesolulious used for nickel-plating
have been of a compound nature, in most, if
not all cases, consisting of double salts, such
_ ns the doiiblo-Buliilinte^of nickd and amino-
'dctrdpl flmslieeiTlicrcEofore held'nsiinpmcti- •
cable to nickel-plate with a single salt. I have
- ceded, however, in producing deposits of
nickel from r
STS
m effected; and the essential feature of
^ my invention or discovery ^inny^bo stated to
For the purposes of luy^invciittmi tlic ace-
tatc of nickel may be prepared ill any of the
ways known 'to chemists, ami which do not
here require description. It is, of course, pref-
)o crablc that the salt be ns pnre as possible;
lint the qualities of a solution of this salt for
plating arc siicli Unit absolute purity is not
essential, and its preparation docs not, there¬
fore, require such expensive care ns is the case
)5 with tlie compounds heretofore used for this
purpose.
For the purpose of plating, the acetate of
nickel is dissolved in eleni- water, the solution
being made of a slronglli preferably from 8°
|o to' 10° lluumc; but it may be wcnkcr. This
solution is used in the plating apparatus in
the same manlier ns the solutions employed
heretofore, the battery being connected there¬
with, and a nickol anode bciug employed in
15 tho usual manner, ns is well understood by
clcctroplntcrs. This solution, howevor, 1ms tho
great advantage Hint it contaiusa much larger
proportion of motal than the nickel salt solu¬
tions heretofore used, and is lienee a good
;o conductor of tho current, and, moreover, is
easily decomposed thereby, so that a mncli
weaker current suffices to produco a successful
deposit of tho metal. Furthermore, ns the so¬
lution is of a simple nature, beluga single salt
of a weak organic aeid. it is not subject to 55
those irregular decompositions which render
the management of tho usual double salt so¬
lution so difficult and require siicli careful
regulation of the current and the avoidance
of any sligliLacid.or.alkaline impurity. Tims 60
it is well known to plntcrs tlmt those com¬
pound solutions containing salts of strong
acids or strongly corrosive substances, such
ns chlorino and sulphur, are subject, under
any irregular .conditions, to changes or dccoin- 65 .
positions which cause corrosions of tho articlo
being plated, conimonlyTimned-b-bnrning.”
Thc'simple solution of acctato of nickel, how-
ever, winch J employ is I'omui 10 no quite free
of any such tendency, which is nscribublo, it is 70
believed, to tho weak nature of its acid, its
largo amount of metal, and the simple nature
of the salt, it being an obvious principle thnt
the simpler arc the conditions the less liability
is there to confusion or irregularity in tho ao- 75
A most ini porlantiul vantage of this ncetatc-
nf-niekel solution yet to bo mentioned is that
by it tho plater is enabled to plate with nickel
directly on metal, which it lias been heretofore So
impracticable or quite dillicult to nickel-pinto
without n previous coating of copper. Thus
by means of this solution f am enabled to
plate steel and cast or wrought iron directly
with a coating of nickel of sufficient thickness 85
for protection, and of a perfectly adhering,
close, and tough duality, which is believed to
be a result quite unique and of great, inipor-
Tho previous or existing inodes of nickel- 90
plating, ns is well known, are not adapted for
common or cheap articles of iron or steel, as
in most all cases a previous coating of copper
is required, nail the expenso of such dotiblo
coating of copper and nickel is found to be 95
too great to I10 adapted to articles for general
sale, while, furthermore, unless tho operation
is carofnlly conducted, tho adhesion of tlio de¬
posit is not good. My improvement in the art,
liowevor, enables common articles of hard- 100
ware in cast or wrought iron or steel to bo
plated directly with a lasting and ornamental
coating of nickel, which greatly enhances tlicir
salablo and wearing qualities, and but slightly
r
224,263
15
but not heretofore attained— while the nilhc
sion of the niekcl directly to tho iron is notu-
nlly round to bo superior to the adhesion of
5 copper in copper-plating, which constitutes, it 1
is believed, nil important advance in tho art.
I l„"«n,m,iUesof the doposiLptoduccd from
I tUiSJnllltlO" of neetntn nf ..j*>f»l in r«1rlli in
lj ^,^|l^[l'^^liltllt,iuu^0ug1h
thisrS:i:lHSS3l&
being the soft poorly-conducting metals; but
among these zinc — tiio most commonly used _
can, with care, bo well plated.
I may mention that another salt may some- |
uu uuucrstoou mat my invention is, of course, 21
applicable to producing deposits of nickel for
the purposo of electrotyping as well ns for or-
BitioiM f °r ^°r an^ °^icr G^ec^*o tlepo-
What I claim os ray invention is — 2-
The electro deposition of nickel by means '
of a solution of acetate of nickel, substan¬
tially as herein set forth.
w.. JOSEPH YATES.
Witnesses: .
j John E. Gavin,
Chas. M. HiaaiNs.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1142 Protecting-Varnish for Electrodes of Electrolytic Cells
U.S. Patent#: 1364359
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 9/24/1919
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Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 1 43 Production of Thin Metallic Sheets or Foils
U.S. Patent#: 1379089
Primary Applicant- Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 9/30/1919
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1144 Electrode Element for Galvanic Batteries and Method of
Producing Same
U.S. Patent#: 1386095
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 11/3/1919
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1146 Protective Coating for Steel and Iron
U.S. Patent#: 1410391
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 11/28/1919
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Patent Application Files
Folio #1148 Stylus Mounting (Case A)
U.S. Patent#: 1456687
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 12/9/1919
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Patent Application Files
Folio# ‘60
U.S. Patent#:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Storage Battery
1377194
Edison, Thomas A
6/14/1920
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Patent Series
Folio# 1163
U.S. Patent#:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Application Files
Production of Thin Metal Sheets or Foils
1417464
Edison, Thomas A
7/8/1920
Ur. Thomas A. Edison:-
Ur. Hanley claims to be the inventor of the arrangement
for continuously plating and stripping nickel to produce thin
nickel sheets of any length. Is this correct, and if so, to
whom shall I have l,Ir. Hanley assign the application? As you
know, in the case of inventions by employees relating to
storage batteries, the United States rights are assigned to
the Battery Company and the foreign rights to yourself.
r$C-
Will^ L/-; Hardy
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Patent Series
Folio# 1164
U.S. Patent#:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Application Files
Production of Thin Metal Sheets or Foils
1425184
Edison, Thomas A
8/23/1920
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 1 76 Voltaic Battery and the Production of Electrode Elements
Therefor
U.S. Patent#: 1489240
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 12/31 /1 920
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 1 81 Regeneration of Alkaline Storage-Battery Elements
U.S. Patent#: 1488480
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 9/26/1921
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Patent Application Files
Folio #1183 Production of Elements Having Electrolytically Deposited
Surface Coatings
Serial#: 518181
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 11/25/1921
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Folio No .:ul±. Serial No..., >/!/?/
Applicant. Address.
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Ass’g’t Exec...|^^J.i/7„fJ!r4Recorded 2, ^ Liber (//>7 Page <a O .
Patent No - Issued.. ' . ,
ACTI°NS. '
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ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
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(peftfion.
®n tlf e ®ommissioner of ijllntcnis :
foot petitioner , THOMAS A. EDISON,
a citizen of ti)e plnitcb States, resibiitg anb (gibing a :£Jost COffice nbbress at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey,
progs tljat letters patent may be grantcb to Ipm for tljc improbentents in
PRODUCTION OP ELEMENTS HAVING ELECTROLYTIC ALLY DEPOSITED
SURPACE COATIHCS.
set forii^ in tljc imnexeb specification; mtb f|e Ijereby appoints jselss Q
Tftr. 5S9^) fubosc abbress is Jbison J^bministration JBuilbing, ©range, JJcfn Jersey, I]is
attorney, foitl; full pofucr of substitution anb rcbocation, to prosecute tips application, to
rnahc alterations anb amenbmeuts tlicrein, to reccibc tljc patent anb to transact all business
o
i t![e patent ©ffice connccteb il|erebiitl|.
I sand) _ Thoa. A. Edlao.n_
25 j(
(Revenue Stamp)
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
A
TO ALL WHO U IT MAY CONCERN :
BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
of the United StateB and a resident of Llewellyn Park,
West Orange, Essex County, New 'Jersey, have invented cer¬
tain new 1 and useful improvement's in PRODUCTION OF ELEMENTS
HAVING ELEOTROLYTICALLY DEPOSITED SURFACE COATINGS, of
which the following is a description: -
This application is a division of my pending
application, Serial No. 321,938, filed September 5, 1919,
and entitled Storage Battery Electrodes and the Production
' JL uzstz/dU.
.nvention relates to the production of an
improved form of element having a thin coating of film of
a hydroxide of a metal, preferably nickel hydroxide, eleo-
trolytioally deposited thereon, and resides in an Improved
eleotrolytlo oell for producing such elements.
’While elements of this character produced by my
improved cell are capable of other useB, they ure par¬
ticularly designed for use in storage batteries of the
^Edison j type , wherein nickel hydroxide Sb the active
material for the positive elements is opposed to eleotro-
lytically active iron as the active material for the
negative elements in an alkaline solution. Where such
elements are assembled in ^n Edison) storage battery oell,
the internal resistance of the latter is greatly decreased
with a corresponding increase in the discharge rate thereof.’
I have discovered that under certain conditions
a film or coating of a hydroxide of a metal can be electro- -s
of Same.
' Uy i
lytioally deposited on a member or members employed as a
oathode or cathodes in an electrolytic cell in which the
electrolyte oonsists of a solution of a material comprising
or containing a salt of such metal. In my improved elec¬
trolytic oell I preferably employ a plurality of nickel-
plated, thin steel sheets or plates as cathodes opposed to
and respectively disposed between, anodes consisting .of
' V
solid, nickel^ln a solution of nitrate of nickel or a. solu¬
tion of a mixture of 'Cfnlokel salt and,jonAoxl^^.-ng-and- ^
Ae- tUUUtc Kx^Uc.'a,C %Oj il/7/’-6
plating agent^ ^ue^^s^a^ mixture. of_.nlckel sulphate and
•approx-i-aiate-l-y-lO^-o-f- a nitrate, such as nitrate of soda,
aa the electrolyte.. On passing a current through such
oell, thin, semi- transparent films or coatings of nickel
nickel as would j
tlie-oa-bhodes^-T— I — -
hydroxide on 'the
[cathodes results when the ^on^containB^,
A approx-lma-tel-y— 10jg-o-f Aa the^athodes-y—
after being coated as described, are intended to be used
as cleotrode elements of a storage battery oell, the
nickel -plated steel sheets or plates employed for such
cathodes are eaoh preferably provided with closely adjacent
perforations. Consequently the film of nickel hydroxide
deposited thereon will tenaciously adhere or he securely
clinched to the sheet by the engagement of the film or
ooatlng with the surfaces of the sheet and the walls of the
perforations therethrough.
i In order that try invention may be moreoolearly
understood, attention is directed to the drawing aooompany-
hydroxlde , instead of films of metallic
i Jee. Io5£L,1’ 6* tijzzfz 7
[*na-tural-ly-ibe— expeo-ted-7— a-re-depoa-l-ted,— on~
1 ‘ v
nd thatA Improved planing or the nickel
1 mg and forming a part of this specifioatlon and in which, ■
Figure 1 Is a diagrammatio view In aeotion, of
„n electrolytic cell employed In producing electrolytloally
deposited films or coatings of a hydroxide on storage bat¬
tery electrode or other elements; and
Fig. 2 Is an enlarged. fragmentBl sectional view
a battery electrode element having a. film or coating of
I a hydroxide electrolytloally deposited thereon.
Referring to the drawing, reference oharacter 1
I represents a storage battery electrode element or plate
consisting of a thin nickel-plated steel sheet 3 provided
with small, closely adjacent perforations 4 extending there¬
through. While but a comparatively few of these perfora¬
tions are shown in the drawing, It Is to be understood that
practically the entire sheet or element Is so perforated.
All exposed surface' portions of the sheet 3. Including the
walls of the perforations 4. are entirely covered with a
thin coating or film 5 of nickel hydroxide electrolytloally
I deposited thereon.
My improved electrolytic cell employed for pro-
Lalas »e films or coatings of nlokel hyaromiJ. °» ““•'S'
I electrode elements such a. Jnst described, or on oth.r
.elements, c.mprla.e s suitable .jal «(rsoept.sl. 6 ooat.lm-
lag an electrolyte 7 oonslstlng^of o "olutten £ “'*“,.,4
of nickel or Ja'iiolatlon of « ml*tur. ofe.nlok.1 ..It, .ad e *
lt'att-^ld^inersadr'P^fttta^ra^11*
anodes 8 oo.pos.d of solid nlokel. .ad thla ..Wi¬
lls nickel-plated .beet. 3 to be oo.ted r.epeotle.lr dls
posed .. ...node, bet.een sad opp.a.d to the anode, 8 la the,
electrolyte 7. The anodes 8 and oathodes 3 are suitably
supported in the tank 6, and a pair of conductors 9. and 10
respectively oonneoted with the anodes and oathodes, serve
to supply the oell with current from any suitable souroe
(not shown). Upon passing a current through this cell,
nickel hydroxide will be evenly deposited over the entire
surface of each of the oathodes or nickel -plated steel
sheets 3. After films or coatings of nickel hydroxide of
the desired thickness have been. formed on the sheets 3,
the latter are removed from the cell and placed in a bath
of water which dissolves or washes out any nitrate of
niokel^present ' in the pores and on the surfaces of the
films or coatings of niokel hydroxide. The sheets are then
removed from the water bath and are ready to be assembled
in a storage battery cell or- to be, used for other purpose's.
- while I have specifically described my improved
eleotrolytie oell as applied to the production of storage
battery eleotrode elements. It is to be understood that the
same may he used for the production of elements for other
purposes. It is also to be understood that the electro¬
lytic cell shown and described herein is subject to various
modifications without departing from the spirit of the
invention or the scope of the appended claims.
Having now desorlhed my invention, what I claim
as new and desire to proteot by Letters Patent is as
follows:
This specification signed this 25th day of
November , 1921.
STATE OF NEW JERSEY )
COUNTY OF ESSEX j
THOMAS A. EDISON, the above named petitioner,
whose application for Letters Patent for improvements in
STORAGE. BATTERY ELECTRODES AND THE PRODUCTION OF SALE,
Serial No. 321,938, wa3 filed in the United States Patent
Offioe on or shout September 5, 1919, of which thi3 applica¬
tion is a division, being duly sworn, deposes and says that
he is a citizen of the United States and a resident of
Llewellyn Park;, West Orange, Essex County, New Jersey; that
he verily believes himself to be the original, first and
sole inventor of the improvements in the PRODUCTION OP
ELEMENTS HAVING ELECTROLYTICALLY DEPOSITED 3USPACE COATINGS,
described and claimed in the annexed specification;' that
he does not know and does not believe that the same was
ever known or used before his invention or discovery there¬
of or patented or described in any printed -publication in
the United States of America or any foreign country before
his invention or disoovery thereof or more than two years
prior to September 5, 1919; or patented in any country
foreign to the United StateB on an application filed more
than twelve months prior to September 5, 1919; or in public
use or on sale in the United States for more than two years
prior to September 6, 1919; and that no application for
patent upon said invention has been filed by him or his
legal representatives or assigns in any foreign country
prior to September 5, 1919.
( sgnd ) Thos. A. Edison _
Sworn and subscribed to before
me this 25th day of November, 1921.
Leslie E. Hatfield
Notary Public for State of NewJersey
My commission expires Oct. 17, 1925
2-260
Ha/AS
Henry Lanahan,
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASH I NGTON .....April...l9,....19.32 . .
. ' n^\.
: V’R u -192'/. ■
c/a Edison AdmlnlmtrittlgnJjlldg.j.. • j
_ Orange, .
Please llnd below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application <
-'**<«»<• a. sail «on. Bcr. Ho. 818181. filed KovenTcrr 38 , .1981, .
Production, of Elements Having ffiXectrolytloally Pepoeited. ISur-
faoe Coatings.
Commissioner of Patents.
Claims 3 and 4 arc rejected on:
Rodman, 785.989, February 21, 1905, 204-9. ^
Attention in called to:
Hunt, 1,215,062, January 9, 1917, 204-1. S
The •pacific shape of the eleotrodee appears
Immaterial.
Acting Examiner, Division 3.
LEGAL 1
APR 1 91922
department
Ill THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
Production op elements havinc
ELECTROLYTIC ALLY DEPOSITED
SURFACE COATINGS
Piled November 88, 1981
Serial No. 618,181
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
I In response to the Office Action of
li April 19, 1988, please amend the above entitled case as
| follows: J
Claim 3, lines 4 and 6. cancel "in the form of
| a perforated metallic member".
Claim 4, line 8. cancel "nickel-plating solution
containing” and Insert - solution of a mixture of a
nickel salt and - .
jj REMARKS
It Is submitted that claims 3 and 4 are clearly
!j allowable over Rodman of record.
I In the cell dlsolosed by Rodman the electrolyte
!; dies not contain In solution a salt of the metal of which
!| the anode Is composed, a feature of applicant's Invention,
which is clearly brougit out In claim 3.
There seems to be but little. If any, similarity
between the electrolyte of Rodman 'b oell and the electro¬
lyte of the oell described in claim 4. Rodman's electro¬
lyte does not contain a nickel salt In solution. More¬
over, there is no disclosure In this reference of the use
of approximately 10 % of a nitrate in a niokel plating
solution.
In view of the above, further consideration
and allowance are requested.
Hespectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON
By 1
Attorney
Orange, N . J.
February 1, 1923
WAH:K
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
PTegal
MAY 111923 j
[DEPARTMENT |
c/^-Edieott-AaMhi-strairive-Eldg-;-;----
se find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
- TtramHH~Av'‘Ktieoir,~"Pradtrctf'oir'of "Elumejita HsviTi{^~Biea truly t, Icai-ly-
'^hcvt*Atr ^
Hesponding to amendment filed tfeb. 2,1923.
While the subject-matter of the application
appears patentable, ppon farther consideration claims
1 and 2 are rejected on the dieoloBure on page 126, lines
6 to 9 inclusive of Yol. 23 of Transactions of the
Araerioan Electrochemical Eooiety, (1913); also page 127,
lines 10 to 13 inclusive, and page 136, lines 10 to 18
,X
inclusive of the Bame volume (oopy in the Scientific
library of the TT.a.Patent Office). Por more detail, if
desired, [see ("Kleot. Bng.B 188?,, pages 410,460 and 470 •)
Transactions of Amerioan Bleetroohemioal Sooiety, Yol. 6,
page 40, (1904). Bo invention is seen in the broad provision
of a niokel anode or a cathode or particular shape.
Claim 3 is broad to the extent of being entirely in¬
definite. It is not dear what is intended to be covered
by the expression "an oxidizing and plating agent" in view
of the next provision of a "salt of a metal". The "plating
agent" must obviously be a compound of the metal to be
plated, but the subsequent provisions "a salt of a metal"
and "an anode of snoh metal make the olaim absolutely in¬
definite. Further, the olaim is broad enough to be met
by the disclosure on page 136 of Vol. 23 of Transactions
of the Atnerioan Bleotroohemioal Society, above oited.
Also by the statement on the Bane page, lines 83 to 26
inclusive, whioh road "Watt added ammonium nitrate to
a neutral solution of niokel nitrate, but obtained only
,fa slight discoloration of the cathode. AIbo the prooess
as worded in the olaim apparently operates the same bb
the reference in the expression " a nitrate".
Claim 4 iB also indefinite, there being nothing
presented to indioate (gtexBxtetn jpcsEt fatBgxpraBB joiadxtB
ijaitest*) that any nitrate will be operative for the
desired purpose.
Examiner I>iv. 3.
1 '
I
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OPE ICE
i Thomas A. Ediaon
I PEODUCTION OP ELEMENTS HAVING
! ELECTROLYTIC ALLY DEPOSITED
: SURE ACE COATINCS
j Piled Nov. 28, 1921
! Serial No. 518,181
Room Ho. 176
f HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
I SIR:
In response to the Offloe Action of May
! 10, 1925, please amend the above entitled oaBe as follows: i
Claim 1, line 3, after "oathods" Insert - the sur-
faoe portion of which is of nickel - . :
follows: ^ ^
©mprfcei-ng- an eleotrolyte
consisting of a solution ofeTSlrtwl-^alt, an anode of niokel >
and a cathode the surface portion of which is of^ITckel^suh- i
consisting o:
to he plated and a
j an electrolyte7/
i mixture of a salt of the metal
i suoh metal and capable
of aotlng as an oxidizing agent, an an&de-^fsuoh metal, and
- — nyrtal
a oathode the surfaoe portion of whioh is of such*,
tially as desoribed.
^ ./ i/ , ■ 1
Claim 4, line 3, after "nitrate" insert - free from [
i/ I
niokel - . Same line; after "anode" insert - of nickel - . i
Add, .the following claims: . . ,/ \ .
— - — 5,__An-eleotr oly tic “ c el4“ c ompris tug an el^tjo.lytg 'u
consisting of a soluHon~of~a-mixtureof a nickel salt, and a J
nitrate’^ree from nickel), an anode of nioker~and~a-oathode
le surface Portion of .which la of niokel i substantially as
se^jrlb ed • fl , - an eleotrolyt
-an electrolyte ■
\ MMfc-MW |
conalatlng-of a solution of a mixture of a nickel salt, and j
nitrate of soda,, an anode of nickel and a cathode, substan¬
tially as described.
. /«• ^ ^ ^x.r.
otrolyt-io^oeil^e ompr-ial-ng an eL|9tr,olyte^^^
cons is ting of a solution of a mixture of a nlokel_salt1 and j
approximately 10$ of nitrate of sod^an anode of nickel and j
a oathode, substantially as described. / '/j/y
' ^ .to^eotgo^t-lci^oei 1 ^oonfflgielng^an^ele otrolyte^ \^f ' 1
consisting of a solution of £ mixture ofj niokel nt^rate^and
nitrate. of soda, -an anode of nickel and a cathode, substan^
tially as described.
REMARKS
|! Hone of the references cited in the last office j
j aotion disclose an electrolytic cell which is designed for j
j or oapable of eleotrolytlcally depositing nickel hydroxide, ’
the cells described in the references being directed Bolely ;
to the eleotro-deposltlon of nickel. , As applloant has de¬
signed a cell which is different from that disclosed In any r
of the’ references and whloh Is capable of depositing a dif- ;
ferent material, it is submitted he should be granted broad !
olaims thereon.
Claim 1 distinguishes from the references in
specifying that the surface portion of the cathode is of
niokel. ais^distingulshing feature is alBO inoluded in each; of
olaims 2, 3 and 5. j
Claim 4 has been amended to overcome the objection ;
i thereto as indefinite.
Claims 6, 7 and 8 clearly distinguish from the
references by specifying that the eleotrolyte consists of
mixture of a nickel salt or niokel nitrate and nitrate of
! soda.
In view of the above, further consideration and
allowance are requested.
Kospeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISOH
By
I i / His Attorney
2—260
department of the interior
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON 12*192.!*-
h/pui
Heary-Sanahan-,- -
o /o i^iaen---idipiniirtratToir iil(lt!r.";
Orange, 11.9?— - - -
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
_ 2hjamaa-A...iidiaon-,— E-r-o4i)»ti-on-of-fea-emen-t-a--Hertfi«G-Kl«o-tTffi2rt±oirli'y—
_.J3apooiteA -a«rfaae--Co*tlng8v--flifrd- flov“i -
Commissioner of Paten
Koaponding to amendment filea neo. 14,1924.
The olaims are oonaidored objectionable in that they are
direotea to "an oleotrolytio oell"whereaa in BubBtanoe the
claims are direotea to the oompoaition of electrolyte there
being no real oell Btruoture aiaoloBed.
Examiner, Eiv. 3.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
PRODUCTION OF E IE HERTS HAVING
ELECTROLYTICALLY DEPOSITED
SURFACE COATINGS
Filled November 28, 1921
Serial No. 618,181
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
Room No. 175
In response to the Office Aotion of
ji April 12, 1924, please amend the above entitled case as
I follows:
Page 1, line 11, after "Same" insert - which has
] resulted in Patent Ho. 1,402,751, dated Jan. 10, 1922.- .
In line 1 of each of Claims 1 to 8 inclusive,
cancel "An electrolytic cell comprising" and insert - In an
[ eleotrolytio oell, the combination of - .
REMARKS
The claims as amended are believed to be free from
the objection set forth in the last office aotion. The com-
I blnation described in each of the olaims is clearly and fulljr
j| disclosed.
In view of the above, further consideration and
j allowance ore requested.
Edison Office Bldg.,
Orange,
N. J.
January 18, 1925.
//X*
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LEO A l
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
January
JAN 23 1925
/<i* *
JAN 22 1925
- -Henry -lanahnn-,- -
. C /o e.d-ison- AdminlB-tratien-Illd-g-rT-
Qrange'i— ?*-»— . V
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
' . ThQmaa..A..<..ilfliaon»I‘ley(eilyn..ParfcJ..File.dHov..28,.W?;l}...3ei'.:....
upon further consideration, it is questioned whether ^
the oleins properly define the invention v.hioh appears to he 1
more in the method of eleotrodepoaiting nickel hydrdxiae.
rather then in the combination of the elements as set forth
in the present claims.
Claims 2 and 3 ore rejected.
. Claim 2 is incomplete. Hot any nickel salt win ^
in the manner described in the specification, nor for the Oy*
purpose intended, which is the formation of nickel hydroxide.
The claim does not. therefore, include tic necessary operating
conditions.
Claim 2 is further rejected, since it covers nothing
more than the conventional nickel plating action. In such
procese it is customary to use a cell containing a nickel anode,.;
some nickel salt, and a cathode.which.as soon as the current
is turned on.is provided with a nickel surface..
There is nothing in the disclosure which supports the
breadth of claim 3.
The terms of this claim would cover the deposition
618181— —2
of any metal whatever from any electrolyte, providing
it oontnina some oxidizing agent. The olaim ia
considered wholly indefinite and unsubstantiated
by the disclosure.
Thi9 claim is further rejected on the
Hunt patent, of record t also upon
Parmer, 610,181, June 9, 1885. go4*10,
Examiner, J3iv, 3.
April 87, 1985
Hon. Commissi oner of Patents,
Washington,
a. c.
Sir:
He Application of Thomas A. Edison,
filed ilov. 28, 1921, Serial Ho.
510,101.
in your office letter of January 22, 1926
in the above application, you refer to a patent
to Earner, 518,101, June 9, 1806. I have ordered
a copy of this patent number but find that it ia
not a patent to Parmer but one to Thomas Curley
of 1894.
I am returning the copy received and ask
that you kindly send me the patent whioh it was
intended to refer to.
kr'
yours very truly,
General Counsel
10
331
*p«
mo ortho applicant
DEPARTMENT OF TMSb(btK566cf^6( COMMERCE
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Hay £,1986.
WASHINGTON
r Henry lanahan,
C/o Edison Administration nldg.,
L Orange, H.J.
Please And below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thomas a. Edison, Production of eleeontB having eleotrolytioalSy-
depo8ited surface ooatinga, filed Hov. £8,1981, Ser. Ho. 618181.
•Xcnuur SlGUeil™/
omieaioner of Polenta.
Responding to communication filed April 88,1926.
She last citation of the laet Office action
should have read:
Farmer, 319,687, June 9, 1886, 204-10.
The error is regretted, and a oopy of the correct
citation is enclosed.
Examiner, Div. 3.
le&Tl-
MAY -4 1925
department.
IN THE UHI TED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomo3 A. Edison i
PRODUCTION OF ELEMENTS HAYING I
ELECTROLYTICA1LY DEPOSITED
SURFACE COATINGS
Room No. 331 ;
Filed November 20, 1921
Serial Ho. 518.181
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
S I H :
In response to the Office Action of
January 22, 1925, please amend the above entitled ouse as
; follows:
Cancel claims 2 and 3.‘
i Re-number claims 4 to 0 inclusive as 2 to 6 in-
! elusive respectively.
REMARKS
It is submitted that the claims properly define
applicant's invention. It is, of course, applicant's
object to deposit nickel hydroxide electro lytic ally. How¬
ever, the combination of elements described in the present
claims ronders possible ouch electro-deposition of nickel
hydroxide when current is impressed on a cell provided with
such combination. It is accordingly submitted that appli¬
cant is entitled to claims covering this combination of
elements. This type of claim is by no means new in the art
and in this conneotion the Examiner's attention is directed
to claim 5 of Edison Patent No. 1,369,271 and claims 17 to
21 inclusive and 24 to 26 inclusive of Edison Patent No.
1,379,089.
The claims rejected in the last office aotion have
been cancelled.
In view of the. foregoing', further consideration an
I allowance are requested.
Edison Office Bldg.,
Orange, N.J.
Deo. 3, 1925.
Re speot fully submitted.
THOMAS A. EDI?"" a
Dlv.
Department of Commerce
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON jonuary 4 > igj»B.
Please And below a communication from the EXAMINER in
charge of this application
Paper No.
/ffanry lanahan,'
/ C/o liaison Administration Bid'
Xwu- C UtitA^Awy
Commissioner of Patents Appl i 0 an~b I * • ** • KJAflUt
y^Orange, N.J.
Ser. No. 618181
Piled Rov. 88,1921,
por Production of elements
having ele o troly tiooliy . —
deposited surface coatings.
i
JAN 4 - 1926
aesponslve to aaendnent filed December 4, 1986.
The claims are considered ob jeotdonable for reasons
of reaord. Applicant has stated a definite objeot to be attained
by thee prooesa described, ®he olaims, however, are oouobed in
very broad terms and while the disclosure Is restricted to
niokel sulphate as the niokel Balt used the olaims will cover 'll. i
any niokel salt whatsoever, and it is not prims facia apparent
that any or nickel will. opejrate as desired or as
~ .
described. • — /*-•- / f 1 j 1
in claim 6, line 2, "nickol nitrate" should byparently
read nickel sulphate to conform with the specif Ration.
In View of the. above considerations, the olaims are
rejected as being Indefinite and broader than the disclosure^/
It is thought that this may be overoome by olting spealflc /
example i
is of suitable nic.kel-sal.te. in the speoif lost ion.
/
y
Bxaminer.
IH IHE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
PRODUCTION OF ELEMENTS
HAVING ELECTRO LYTIC ALLY
DEPOSITED SURFACE COATINGS
Filed November 28, 1921
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS
In response to the Office Action of January |
4, 1926, please emend the above entitled oaBe as follows:
Page 2, line 8, before "in" insert - either - . line i
/
9, cancel "a", second occurrence, ana insert - another - . i
Line 10, after "agent" insert - containing the nitrate radical |
NO3 - . Same line, oanoel "suoh as" and Insert - preferably -■
Line 31, cancel "approximately 10$ of". Line 15, after
"cathodes" insert the following sentence - 'To obtain the^*-"^-'1
posit of niokel hydroxide, as described, it isg^aflntial that
the electrolyte oontaln the ni trate radical NO3, either as a
part of the plating salt, as^An''£he oase of niokel nitrate,
dr in the material^-'SiSShac sodium nitrate, employed as the
platingjjnd'''bxldlz'ing agent where a nickel salt other than
»4tf£elnltrate constitutes the plating salt. - f. Line 16 , j
after "that" insert - where the electrolyte employed comprises 1
a solution of a niokel salt other than niokel nitrate, -.Line
i> /
17, oanoel "nickel plating". Line 18, oanoel "a nitrate salt"
:janl insert -lbs nitrate of soda or other nitrate used as the
foxidlzing and plating agent. ^
Page 3, line 24, after "consisting" insert - either -.
Line 26, after "or" Insert - of . Same line, oanoel "a",
third occurrence, and Insert t another - . Line 26, oancel
Van" and Insert - a suitable - . Cancel line 27, and insert
j j- mixture of niokel sulphate, niokel ammonium sulphate, niokel
cyanide, or the double salt of niokel oxalate, but preferably
niokel sulphate, and a suitable amount,, preferably approximate¬
ly 10$, of nitrate of soda or other suitable nitrate free
from nickel' such os nitrate of potassium, or ammonium, or of
any of the alkali earth me talB, especially calcium, barium,
strontium and magnesium,/- . line 28, cancel "of soda".
Page 4, line 12, after "niokel" insert - or the
like - .
_ _ . Insert the following as claim 2:
~~ — 2-». _ In an eleotrolytio cell, the combination of an
electrolyte oonsisting"of-~-a solution of a mixture of a niokel
salt and on oxidizing. agent oontainfng-thejUteate radical
HOg, an anode of niokel aid a cathode, substantiany-es^de-^
soribed.
Claim G, line 2, cancel "nitrate" and insert - sul-
phate • •
Renumber former olaims 2 to 6, inclusive, as 3 to 7
inclusive respectively.
_ Add the following olaim:
Sv-^Jnan eleotrolytio oell, the combination of an
eleotrolyte comprising^solution^of^ substance whioh in¬
cludes a niokel salt and oontains the" lltrate racUx al^ H 03 . an
anode of niokel, and 0 oathode, substantially as desoribed.«^,y,
R E M A R K 3
Claim 7, former olaim 6, has been changed in accord¬
ance with the suggestion oontained in the second paragraph of ,
the last offioe action. j
In accordance with the suggestion kindly made by the :
examiner, the specification has been amended so as to reoite
specific examples of niokel salts suitable for use in the 7 !
production of electrolytieally deposited nickel hydroxide, as
idssolbsd herein, and also to specify speoifio examples of
Isul table oxidizing agents other than nitrate of soda. Such
ijamendment to the specification is believed to overcome the
Slit** laBt
ji . . -2-
office
action and accordingly reconsideration and allowance of claims
1, and 3 to V inclusive are respectfully requested.
flew claims 2 and 8 presented herewith are believed
to he dearly allowable and are considered necessary In order
to afford applicant adequate protection in hi3 invention.
Hone of the references discloses an electrolyte for an
electrolytic oell comprising a solution of a nickel salt and
also c outdoing the nitrate radical H03. l'he specification
as amended is believed to clearly set forth a proper basis
for these olairns.
in view of the above, further consideration and
allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted
THOMAS A. EDISON
Edison Office Building
Orange, Hew Jersey
Dir.
Boom 331
rr«tcnt>,
DEPARTMENT 6F COMMERCE
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Paper No. ,M
Y u 1
Please find ^eloio a communication from the EXAMINER in
charge of this application.
Bov ember 8*4 ,1986.
Commissioner of Patent*. Applicant . ? ,
. Edison,
Henry lonehen,
c/o Edison Administration
Orange, N.J.
Ser. No. 610181
'Filed B0v. 88,1921,
For Production of eietaonte
having electipiytioally
A I defoSited aurfa'qe
; coatlngB.
NOV 2 4 1926
o,7;6\ Q1?’ \ KeBponsive to amendment fjiled November i2, 1926.
~ The following additional references are made of
rooord* ,<c ’ ytfy
British patent to Unwin, 1,626, June 21,1871, 1 \
/ <**-»’•
- - -British patent to Marino, 173,268, Deo. 88,1921,1 / .
I ' (no drgj (204-14) •
•\ Bruoker. 24.2,263, May 81, 1681, (204-14).
All of the oleine are rojeoted on Unwin, no invention
residing in tho substitution of sodium for potassium in
view of Murlno.
If applicant is putting nicfcol into the bath, it is
immaterial whether any other salts which ho may be using are
free' from. nickel or not: So long aa the nickel, nJ0££lS
^aljTaulpl^te ions ore present in proper porpoiilonB, it is
apparently immaterial whether(^nickel nitrate or sulphate is
added, so long as the other ion 1b supplied.
The use of nickel anodes is old in the nickel plating
art and as was pointed out in a previous Office action, the
• cathode in a nickel plating operation is covered with nickel
after a short time.
Applicant has argued that tho references ao not
ai.olon. c.11. .1MU.W 01 rreseesoo *‘oMl1
Mro,l... Attention 1. » «• «»' 4" r”"*°*
«. on .. footing « appllcnt’o o* AM. <*» olnln.
muet distinguish pa tent ably QT#r th#m> /*. "‘‘i
in TEE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
: Thomas A. Edison
ijPRODUCTION OF ELEMENTS
SHAVING ELECTROLITICAIil'S'
'DEPOSITED SURFACE COATINGS
j! Hood HO* 06X
Filed November 28, 1921
aerial No. 518,181
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS
SIRS
In response to the office Aotion of November 24,
1926, please amend the above entitled cbbc, bb followst
page 2, line 9, oanoel "an oxidizing and" and
! Insert - a reaotlng or - •
Same page, oanoel line 15 and all amendments
thereto and insert In plaoe thereof -[naturally be expected.
H
are deposited on the cathodes. To obtain the deposit of
nlokel hydroxide, aa describe d. It Is essential that the
eleotrolyte contain the nitrate radloal NO3, either as a part
[j of the plating salt, as In the oaae of nickel nitrate, or In
| the material, suoh as sodium nitrate, employed as the reacting
| (or plating egent where a nlokel salt other than nickel ni¬
trate constitutes the plating salt, I - » ^
.Same, page, oanoel line 18 and all amendments
thereto and insert]- approximately ten per oent. (10$) of the
nitrate of BOda or other nitrate used as the reaotlng or
plating agent. Where the oathodes, - . .
ij Page 3, oanoel lines 26 and 2 V and all amendments
I thereto and Insert In plaoe thereof -ja suitable reacting or
| plating agent, such, for exanple, as a mixture of nlokel
* dulphate, nlokel ammonium sulphate, nlokel oyanlde, or the
double salt of nickel oxalate, but preferably nickel sulphate,!
and a suitable amount, preferably approximately ten per cent, j
j (ior£), of nitrate of soda or other suitable nitrate, such as
nitrate of potassium, or of ammonium, or of any of the al¬
kalies, or alkaline earth metals, especially calcium, barium, j
j strontium and magnesium, - « ^ j
1 Cancel olaims 1 to B inclusive.
!j _ Add ,the following olaims: i
I— 9. ^^electrolytic cell which when current is j
! impressed thereon ^ife deposit nickel hydroxide upon the
cathode, (said ^ll comprising)an electrolyte consisting of a |
eolation of nlotal mtrot. «M.h »!»«» »■ «“ “‘"‘"i18
«Hoh .111 resot «lth the elotel nitrate to for. another
nlotel salt, and on mod. of nlotel and a e.thode dlepo.ed In the
electrolyte, substantially as described.
10. An eleotrolytlo cell which when current Is j
impressed thereon will deposit nickel hydroxide upon the ]
cathode, said cell comprising an electrolyte consisting of a |
solution of a mixture of a nickel salt and a material adapted
J i to react with said salt and containing the nitrate radical
HOg, and aarmnode of nickel and a cathode disposed in^electro-
! lyte, substantially bb described.
.,}.y rC'iau An eleotrolytlo cell which when current is
j impressed thereon will deposit nickel hydroxide upon the !
: cathode, said cell comprising an electrolyte consisting of a
I mixture of a nickel salt and a; titrate adapted to react with
j gaid salt, and an anode of nickel and a cathode disposed in the
6 electrolyte, substantially as desorlbed.
| IE. An eleotrolytlo cell which when current is
| impressed thereon will deposit nickel hydroxide upon the
S mu o.u mm*** - °‘ '
| eolation of . mxtm. of . moh.l ***«**«’» *“
per pent. (lOgjof a nitrate which la adapted to reaot with j
said salt, and on anode of niokel and a oathode dlBpoaed in the
| electrolyte, substantially as described.
I 13. An eleotrolytlo coll which when current la
impressed thereon will depoalt niokel hydroxide upon the
| oathode, said ooll oomprlslne an electrolyte consisting of a
solution of a mixture of a niokel salt and nitrate of soda,
Baid nickel salt being a shit which is adapted to reaot with
nitrate of soda, and on anode of niokel and a oathode disposed
in the electrolyte, substantially as described. j
14. An eleotrolytlo oell which when ourrent la J
impressed thereon will depoalt niokel hydroxide upon the
oathode, said cell comprising an electrolyte consisting of a
nickel salt and approximately ten per oent. (lOjS) of suqh
i nitrate of sod*. said niokel salt being one whloh la adapted
j to react with nitrate of soda, and an anode of nickel and a
cathode, disposed In the electrolyte, substantially as de-
? scribed.
15. An eleotrolytlo oell rtiloh when ourrent 1b
j impressed thereon wllladeposlt nickel hydroxide upon the
icathoae, said cell comprising an electrolyte consisting of a
solution of a mixture of nickel sulphate and nitrate of soda,
■and an anode of niokel and a cathode disposed In the electro-
lyte, substantially as desorlbed.
16. An electrolytic ooll which when ourrent Is
impressed thereon will deposit nickel hydroxide upon the
jj oathode, saia oell comprising on dlaotrolyte consisting of a
|i solution of a niokel salt and a material adapted to reaot
Uh Bald salt, said material ocnslsttng of a nitrate ofoiw
Ljhe element a Included in the alkalies and alkaline earth
LotalaT and an anode of niokel and a oathode disposed In the
| electro lyte, substantially as desorlbed.
RSMAHK8
V A new aet of claims is presented herewith
which olaitns hatter define applicant's invention and are alBO
!!
believed to olearly and patentably distinguish from the
references of record.
Applicant has discovered that upon passage of ;
a ourront through an electrolytic oell having a nickel anode
land a suitable onthode and an eleotrolyte consisting of a
{solution of niokel nitrate alone or of a solution of any of
certain other niokel salts in the presence ctf the nitrate radical HOgt
{niokel hydroxide will he deposited upon the cathode of the
cell. This is a peculiar phenomenon which is difficult of
{explanation as niokol is the substance which one would
naturally expect to he deposited on the cathode, Bach of Ihe;
{claims now presented is drawn to a oell which upon current
{being impressed thereon will deposit niokel hydroxide on the
{cathode; and each of these claims also describes the cell as
{consisting of a different combination of elements from that
lidisolosed in any single one of the referenoeB, The British
{patent to Unwin, of reoord, is a very indefinite referenoe.
lilt iB not dear whether Unwin's purpose 1b to form the de¬
posit eleotmUytidaUy;* ohemicfiLly. About ell he does is to
'deBoribe a bath by the use of whloh the deposit is produced.
Furthermore, Unwin'B purpose is to produce a deposit of pure
nickel and there is no suggestion in this referenoe of an
{eleotrolytio oell which when our rent is passed therethrough
will eleotro-doposlt niokel hydroxide. The bath described
by Unwin consists of e solution of b mixture of oxalate of
[potash, sulphate of potash, and niokel nitrate (the result of
[dissolving niokel in nltrio. adld) i; whereas applicant's
eleotrolyte, as desotibed in eaoh of the olaims presented
herewith, oonsistB either of a solution of niokel nitrate
I'alone or a solution of a mixture of any of certain other
jiaalt and containing the nitrate radical HO3, or oonslstlng of hu,
jj . I
||any of a oortraln group of nitrates. The references fail to
l! disclose a coll having an oleotrolyte of the 0 on-position definjedj
ijin tho olnlrnntqand in view of thn now and wholly nnohvious 1
result obtained hy applicants cell, it is submitted that
i those olaims should he allowed. She Esc miner apparently |
(assumes that to obtain such result it is neoessary that there |
Tjfr present in the plating hath niokel, sodium, nltrote and
sulphate ions in proper proportions. Shis is not the oase
for the desired result may he obtained whon nelthor sodium ;
nor sulphato ions are present as in the oaco whexo tho eleotrof
lyto consists of a solution of nlokel nltrote alone. in
other oases coming within applicant's invention, the nickel
end nltrote ions must also he present, hut it would appear
■that they must he proaent only under oertnln oonditlonB which I
::are produced when the eleotrolyte consists of a solution of a
mixture suoh as described in the Bpeoifioatlon and oertain
jof the olalmBj and It must ho assumed that these oonditlonB
IJdo not obtain where the electrolyte or hath consists of a
solution of another mixture, suoh as disclosed, for example,
ihy Unwin and by the use of which an entirely different result,
namely, the deposit of pure nlolcol, is obtained,
j; In view of the foregoing further consideration j
[.and allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted
THOMAS A. EDISOH
Edison office Building
Orange, Row jersey
Hovember 22, 1927.
Bis Attorney
BMU sot aeo pqd/im
i i.* Department of Commerce
jofjP.loit<, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON #Uly 1?, 1«88,
; P/ease /Inif 6c?ou> a communication from the EXAMINER in • / ,
charge of this application. SI c- s~7j # / — V 5‘
‘Jhifruju, <£, .. TUonauT
ap0 Commiaatoncr o/ Pa(an£a. AppllOant I iUOimiD .
Ser. No. 510,181
Piled Jfowemher 88, 19M
For Production of Elementa
Having Bleotrolytioally
. _ / Deposited Burfaoe
Orange, New Jersey. Coatings.
o/o Edison Administration
. 1987.
Ldsd Be
Cass
*1*5
Aaams 113,618 4?*11 J87}
. T Quantitative Analysis toy Electrolysis -
W] Ml page 161, published, by Wiley & Sons - HOW Tork, IMS*
Besponslva to amendment of November 83,
Added Beferenoes:
' -
It will be apparent from the article on page 185
of the transactions of the American Electro-Chemical Society
sited in the office letter of May 10, 1983 and Classen's
Book oited aboro that the use of a nlokal nitrate bath for
plating niokel is oid though this artlole of the Eleotro-
f1 Chemioal Society states that no metal was deposltedfhor doee
i applioant state the conditions under which the aleotrolysie
1 prooeeds whereby he obtains the product alleged.) Classen,
^ however, indicates the deposit of niokel oxide.
the formation of the niokel nitrate by double
decomposition is devoid of inrention and the use of a
— niokel anode is standard praotioe which is referred to in
Dost any standard text book on this subject and described
the examiner is of the opinion that the aero use
of niokel nitrate aa the electrolyte will not ensure the
secaaition of nickel hudroxide and that the insertion on
Serial Rq. 818,181
- * -
,f«
/
The Insertion oa page 3, Una 26-27 le not warranted
by the original disclosure and ehould be oanoolled.
^ q-i^m 9 is rejected ae devoid of InTention over the
' publication referred to above.
Claims 10, 14 and 18 are rejected as broader than
the invention described, no nickel salt being diaolosed
except nickel nitrate and nickel sulphate.
Plains 10, 11 and 18 are rejected alee as not
patentable over the re fere no o above; mentioned.
Claim 18 is rejected ae Indefinite as to the
amount of sodium nitrate present the basis on which the
percentage Is determined not being stated elthir in the
claim or In the spool floatlon. This olalm 1b also'
rejected for the same reason as olalm 10, the percentage
being Immaterial bb described.
T.-inn 4g olalm 14, "such" should be oanoolled,
fluim 14 la rejected for the same reason as olalm 18.
.) Claim 16 is rejected for the same reason as olalm
15 and also as Involving new matter* i.e. the reference to
the alkalafcs 6a alkaline earths /whioh reference Is further-
y mere alternative.^)
The real invention whioh is the proeess and whioh
probably Involves the nickel concentration does not appear
to be diaolosed and as the cell is old and devoid of Invention
where not specifically known to be old, there is no ground
in this esse for the grant of * vaUd patent.
The oleins are rejected.
-
Serial So. 518,181
- 3 -
Ihla case should be prepared for final action
•s oooa as possible in view of the long time It has been
pending In this offioe.
Examiner.
j
ck-C'fa- &
*1
y\A^(t*X U^rf" t'<^'
^J^tM5>7ClcU l//CC-^A
U <£*v ^<dt.cX &M Y ucc y^O******
Mr- tt"B^’4siSUjCiU u> *.
Your Patent No. -1,402,751, dated January 10,
1922, contains claims on a storage battery electrode
element comprising a conducting support having electro¬
lytic ally deposited thereon a coating or film of nickel
hydroxide. (^D/V^vwc^vv^.€wvwt Vt-k -
The^Je is now pending in the potent Office an
application filed as a division of the application which
resulted in the patent mentioned, and this pending appli¬
cation oontains broad claims directed to an electro¬
lytic cell designed, in the operation thereof to deposit
hydroxide. These claims, or at least some of them,
desoribe the electrolyte of the cell as comprising a so¬
lution of a nickel salt, whereas the specification
specifically mentions only nitrate of nickel and nickel
sulphate. The Examiner takes the position that the
claims mentioned ore broad enough to include an electrolyte
consisting of a solution of any nickel salt whatsoever and
are therefore broader than the disclosure, and rejects the
claims on this ground. He indicated, however, that this
rejection might be overcome by amending the specification
so as to include other suitable nickel salts which might
be used.
Can you give me examples of other nickel salts
in addition to nitrate of nickel Bnd nickel sulphate
which could be employed in solution for the electrolyte
of electrolytic cells having both the anode and the cathode
formed of nickel and the use of which would result in the
electro-deposition of nickel hydrate?
I am sending you herewith our file copy (Folio 1183) of your
application relating to an electrolytic cell for deposit¬
ing nickel hydroxide. The specification of this
application as filed, described the electrolytic cell as
comprising a plurality of nickel-plated thin steel sheets
or plates as cathodes opposed to anodes consisting of
solid nickel, either in a solution of nitrate of nickel
or a solution of a mixture of a nickel salt and an
oxidizing agent, such as a mixture of nickel sulphate and
approximately 10# of a nitrate, such as nitrate of soda,
as the electrolyte. The specification then goes on to
state that on passing a current thru such cell thin semi¬
transparent films or coatings of nickel hydroxide,
instead of films of metallic nickel as would naturally
he expected, are deposited on the cathodes. There is no
disclosure whatever in the specification of the
conditions under which the cell is operated to produce
the deposit of nickel hydroxides that is to say, the
specification makes no mention of the concentration
of the electrolytic solution, the current density, the
temperature of the electrolytic bath or the acidity
thereof, which may be necessary to effect the deposition
’ of nickel hydroxide.
Sheet #2,
Mr. Thomas A. Edison,
December 6, 1928.
In view of the disclosure in the application as filed, the
claims have necessarily been limited to the use of a
plating bath comprising either a solution of nitrate
of nickel or of some other nickel salt in the presence
of a nitrate. Suoh electrolytic baths however are old,
being shown in several references cited by the patent
office. In thiB connection I would particularly call
' your attention to the following publications, copies
of which are attached:
Patent No. 242263 granted May 31, 1881 to
George Brucker.
Section 16 on page 450 of the Electrical
Engineer dated June 7, 1889.
Section 43, page 470 of the Electrical
Engineer of June 14, 1889.
Page 161, headed "Nickel," of a book by Classen
entitled "Quantitative Analysis by
Electrolysis," published 1913.
Section 82 on page 125 of Transactions of the
American Electro-Chemical Society (1913).
Section 99 on page 127 of Transactions of the
American Electro-Chemical Society (1913).
Sections 131, 132, 133 and 134 on page 136 of
Transactions of the American Electro¬
chemical Society (1913).
Sheet #3,
Mr. Thomas A. Edison,
December 6, 1928.
The- foregoing references seem to preclude the possibility of
our obtaining any claim based on our original _di,gj;JLftgtlKS
in this application; and the patent office has persistently
refused to allow any such claim. The patent office takes
the position that there is no ground in the present
application for the grant of a valid patent, because of
the fact that the real invention, probably involving the
nickel concentration as well as other conditions, is not
disclosed.
I believe the position taken by the patent office is sound
and would recommend that the present application ber
dropped and that a new application be f iledoontalnlng
a full and complete disclosure of the conditions under
which the deposit of nickel hydroxide is obtain ed . If
this is done, I believe v/e could obtain a patent cover¬
ing the process of electro-depositing nickel hydroxide.
Do you concur in this? If you do, please advise, from
whom I can obtain data as to conditions under v/hlch the
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
U.S. Patent#: 1492023
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1196 Production of Alkali-Metal Compounds from Silicates
Containing Them
U.S. Patent#: 1678246
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 6/23/1922
7
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1252 Ignition Timer
U.S. Patent#: 1686686
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas Alva, Jr
Date Executed: 1 0/1 8/1 922
Folio No.
^ ^7 " ■ ' 7 ~ ~ ' 7-'-
• Serial No..S^~
Applicant.
Address.
0A.
Title1* —
Filed @ctlJ£, . */2^ _
'jJXtsv—' J7
Examiner’s Room No^riz'' .
...(Xt. .
Ass’g’t Exec.ikgujZ.3y ../.£^_Recorded <0^.,. Page c?/? ..
Patent No. /, b? C,. /pfirf, Issued L&A?-
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ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
PETIT I 0 H
TO THE COMMISSIONER Off PATENTS:,
Your petitioner, THOllAS A. EDISON, JR., a
oltizen of the United States, residing and haviner a
Post Offioe address at 92 Berwyn Street, Orange, Essex
County, New Jersey, prays that Letters Patent may be
granted to him for the improvements in IGNITION TIMERS,
set forth in the annexed specification; and he hereby
appoints William A. Hardy (Registration No. 10330)
whose address is Edison Administration Building, Orange,
New Jersey, his attorney, with full, power of substitu¬
tion and revocation, to prosecute this application, to
make alterations and amendments therein, to receive
the patent and to transact all business in the. Patent
Office oonneoted therewith.
SHECIEICATIOH
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY COBCERH:
BE IT KHOWH, that I, THOMAS A. EDISOH, JR. , a
citizen of the United States, and a resident of Orange, Hew
Jersey, have invented certain new and useful improvements in
IGHITIOH TIMER8, of which the following is a description: -
My invention relates to devices for closing the
eleotrio oircuits of the several spark plugs of multl-oylinder
Internal combustion engines, whioh are generally referred to
as ignition timers;,- (the-pr-e-sent-inv-entlon-ln-some- aspeo-te-
tto a— serial -Ho^7-7-l-&67-fi-ie4Wune-l-gv-l-9Sl-and-enU-tl-ed-, “j
Igniti-on-T-iroe rB -j r/,i ■? j \ )
One of the principal objects of my invention is to
insure the correct and concentric positioning of the timer
casing and the contacts carried thereby with respeot to the
timer shaft of an internal combustion engine, regardless of
any eocentrloity of the timer recesB in the engine frame with
respeot to said shaft.
My invention further resides in an improved arrange
ment and improved features of construction for ignition timerj
«speo-iaHy— W^ne-rs-of— the— feype-deseribed— tn-mj— pend-i-ng-sppiiea
-eepeo-lalAy—time-rB-of-— the- type aeoenreeq-rn-my-p^xuB
4-1 on referred— to-above), ^ whereby the wear j^Tand the likeli¬
hood of breakage of various parts are reduoed to a minimum,
and. whereby when the timer is in operative position the ^
grounding of the oontaot member of the rotor to one set of
terminals of the spark plugB is assured at all times.
Further objects of my invention are to reduoe
I the friction In the movable parts of this type of Ignition
timers to a minimum, to effect a contacting engagement
between the oontaot member of the rotor and the fixed
spaced oontacts cooperating therewith which constantly
shiftB to different surface points of both the contact
member and oontacts, and to provide for the ready replace¬
ment of those ports of the timer which are most likely
to wear.
Other features of my invention reside in the
construction of parts and combinations of elements here¬
inafter more fully described and claimed.
For a clearer understanding of my invention,
attention is directed to the following description, in
connection with the drawing accompanying and forming a
part of this specification and in whiohs
Figure 1 is a view in rear elevation, partly in
seotion, of one form of ignition timer in aoooraanoe
with my invention, with the adapter means omitted;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view, partly In elevation
showing the timer applied to the engine housing, the
seotion being taken on a line oorresponding to line 2—8
of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in rear elevation
2
of the timer provided with the adapter or locating and
oentering means.
Pig. 4 Is an enlarged view in elevation,
partly In section, of a modified form of contact which
may he used in place of the fixed spaced contacts of
the construction shown In FigB. 1 and 2 ; and
Pig. 5 is a plan view of the contact shown
in Fig. 4.
Referring, to the drawing', reference
character 1 represents the timer casing, which is
cylindrical in form and which is mounted for
oscillatory movement on the engine housing
2 in a speoial manner, presently to he described,
enabling the same and the spaced contacts cafried j
thereby to he positioned absolutely concentrically \
with the t ime r~actua ting" shaft 3 and insuring the
ma lnte nance thereof in such concentric position
in the various angular adjustments made in
advancing and retarding the spark. The timer
casing 1 ia provided at its front end with a cover
4, preferably formed Integrally therewith. The
timer shaft 3. driven by suitable gearing (not
shown) in Synchronism with the engine shaft, is
3
Journaled In a suitable bushing 5 within an opening in the
engine housing 2, and extends from the latter into the timer
oasing 1. The oover 4 of the timer o using is formed with a
central forwardly extending portion 6 into which the end of
the timer shaft 3 projects. This portion 6 of the cover 4 is
provided with ,a recess 6' forming a seat for the usual spring
(not shown) employed to hold the timer oasing 1 in proper
(position with respect to the engine housing 2.
/
/ Ihe portion of the timer shaft 3 extending into
the timer casing is reduced, and an eccentric 7 Is secured
to such reduced portion of the shaft as by means of a pin 8
extending through the hub of the eccentric and into the shaft.
A sheet metal cap 9 takes over the end of the hub of the
eccentric 7 and the head of pin 8 and acts as a retainer
to hold the latter in place. A nut 10 is threaded onto the
end of shaft 3. and a spaoing sleeve or bushing 11 is mounted
on the reduced end portion of the shaft between the shoulder
formed by such reduced portion and the eccentric 7. The nut
10, of course, holds the retainer 9 in place, and when
tightened coacts with the shoulder on shaft 3 to rigidly
secure the ecoentrio 7 and spacing sleeve 11 to the shaft to
turn therewith. Mounted on the eccentric 7 bo that the
latter is oapable of free rotary movement with respect there¬
to, is a contact ring 12. In order to reduce the friction
between the eocentrio 7 and the ring 12, a roller bearing,
preferably a ball bearing 13, is disposed between the said
ring and eccentric, the outer and inner raceways of such
bearing preferably be ing respectively provided on the inner
and outer opposed walls or peripheral surfaces of the ring
12 and eccentric 7. The contact ring 12 cooperates with a
plurality of contacts 14 of special form, which are carried
hy the casing 1 and equi-spaced about the axis of the shaft
3. The cylindrical casing 1 is provided on its inner side
with equi-spaced integrally formed projecting portions 15
corresponding in number to the contsots 14 and having flat
inner faces. Each of the oontaots 14 comprises a headed
metallic member 16, the shank of whioh extends through one
of the Inwardly projecting portions 15 of the casing 1 and
the wall of the casing, and the polygonal .head of which
bears against the inner flat faoe of said portion 15. The
outwardly extending end portion of the shank of the headed
I member 16 Is threaded, and e nut 17 turned up on such
threaded end portion tigitly against an outer flat surface
portion provided on the cylindrical wall of the casing 1,
serves to rigidly seoure the contaot to the latter, as
shown in Pigs. 1 and 2. The usual conductors (not shown)
respectively leading from one set of terminals of the spark
plugs are respectively adapted to be connected to the oon¬
taots 14 between the nuts 17 and nuts 18 threaded on the
outwardly extending end portions of the members 16. Each of
the oontaots 14 also comprises a pair of similar flat springs
19 and 20 firmly secured together at one end so that they
will he in spaoed and substantially parallel relation, as by
means of a pair of spacing pins or rivets 21, each having
reduced end portions whioh respectively extend through the
springs 19 and 20 and are peaned over as indicated at 22.
The spring 19 is firmly secured at its other end to the head
of the headed member 16 cf the respective oontaot 14, as by
means of an Inwardly extending reduced portion formed on said j
head, which extends through spring 19 and is peanea over ai
indicated at 23. The corresponding adjacent end of the
7 spring 20, which Is spaced Inwardly from the headed member 16, |
is free and oarrles on Its inner side a metallic contact
f button B, the latter being firmly secured to spring 20 by
means of a reduaed portion formed on the button which extends j
through the spring ana is pcaned over as indicated at 841.
The oontaots 14 are preferably seoured to the wall of the
casing 1 in the position shown, with the oprfcpgs 19 and 20 of
Neach contact extending within the casing from the headed
member 16 supporting the same, in a direction opposite to
that in which the timer shaft 3 and eccentric. 7 are rotated,
I the direction, of rotation of the latter, '..looking 'lat-Plg. i;l, )
i.i being I'clockw'ise. - • The timer shaft 3, eccentric 7, contact
member or ring 12 and bearing 13 are all formed of conducting
material and are grounded to the engine frame or casing 2
and are accordingly electrically connected with the other set
of terminals of the spark plugs, rfiich are likewise grounded
to the engine frame. The caBing 1 is formed of suitable
insulating material, preferably a phenolic condensation
product suoh as condeneite or bakelite, and it is therefore
unnecessary to provide insulating bushingB for the headed
members 16 of oontaots 14 in order to insulate the latter
from each other.
With my improved timer properly applied in operative
position, as shown in Pigs. 1 and 2. it will be apparent that
as the timer actuating shaft 3 is rotated, by the operation
of the engine, the eooentric 7 connected to this shaft will
I
cause the contact member or ring 12 to successively
engage and disengage the contact buttons B of the oontaots
14 at the central portion of their Inner convex surfaces.
, to thereby successively open and close the corresponding
spark plug oirouits at the proper time. As the eooentrio
7 Is oapable of free rotary movement with Tespeot to the
oontaot ring 12, the movements Imparted to the latter
towards and from the successive contact buttons B will j
fce radial, or at least the major components of suoh !
movements will be radial. As a matter of fact, when the
timer Is operated, the rollers or balls of the bearing
13 slip somewhat on the raceway of the eooentrio 7 and
tend to rotate the ring 12 In a direction opposite to ,
that of the shaft 3 and eccentric 7, and in the absence
of any means to retard or lmpe of the
contact ring under the action of said rollers or balls,
this ring would actually rotate at an appreciable speed,
much less however than that of the shaft 3 and eccentric^
7, in a direction opposite to the eccentric. However, I
preferably provide suitable means for retarding suoh
rotation of the contact ring 12 so that the same will
rotate as described only at an exoeedl^g^j^j^,^^
This means as shown comprisesT'thin resilient member or
arm 27 formed of conducting material such os thin spring
steel or other resilient sheet metal. The member or arm
I 27 is seoure.d-.at one end, as by one or more rivets 27'.
T-~l to the^late* 33 of the adapter means, presently to be
described, for locating and centering the timer casing
with reference to the axis of the timer shaft 3. The
member 27 extends diametrically of the timer casing and
Is provided Intermediate Its ends with an enlargement 'i
having a circular opening 28 somewhat larger In diameter I
than the sleeve or hushing 11 and through whioh, when ^
the timer Is assembled, said sleeve and the shaft 3 |
loosely extend as shown In Fig. 2. The arm 27 is bent
sufficiently so that it tends under Its own resiliency,
to normally assume a position with its free end 29 some-
what to the right of where It Is shown in Fig. 2. Accord¬
ingly when the timer is assembled, the said end 29 of
arm 27 Is adapted to engage the adjacent side of oontact
ring 12 under such pressure that when the timer Is ,\
operated, the resulting friction will retard the rotary ’ ,
movement of said ring to the extent desired. The end 29 :
of arm 27 Is subjeot to a alight wear by reason of its
frictional engagement with the ring, and to obviate any
disadvantage which might result from such wear, the said
end 29 may be provided with a replaceable contact piece
40 for engagement with the oontaot ring. This oontact
piece 40 is formed of thin resilient sheet metal, is
preferably circular, and has a pair of spaced spring
fingers or tabs 41 stuok therefrom between which and the
main body portion of the oontaot piece the end 29 of arm
27 is adapted to be reoelved. The fingers 41 lie so
closely to the main body portion of the contact piece 40
that when the latter is slipped onto the end 29 of arm 27
to the position shown in Figs.l and 2, such fingers will
be forced or sprung outwardly Bnd will accordingly act to
frlotionally grip the arm 27 so bb to prevent any dis¬
placement or movement of the oontaot pieoe with respeot
to the arm in the operation of the timer. Should the
oontaot pieoe 40 beoome appreciably worn it may be readily
8
and quickly replaced. While it 1b advisable under some
oirgumstanoes , to employ the contact pieoe 40, the latter
is'/of course, not eaaential to the auooeaaful operation
,^f the timer.
/ The contact effected between the ring 12 and
?the contact buttons B of my improved timer, as dis¬
tinguished from the timers now on the market, is prac¬
tically nnn-wlnlng,.and_non-roll ing and may be aptly
termed a "bumping" contact. The very_slow..rp.tary move¬
ment^ o.f_the^ ring 12 during the operation of the timer
suffices, however, to insure a constant shifting of the
points in the contacting surface of the ring where the
buttons B intermittently engage the ring, and accord¬
ingly the ring will not become pitted or burned as might
happen in case each of the buttons B successively made
contaot .therewith only at a given point in the contacting
surface thereof.
The use of oontaots 14 of the speoial con- |
struction shown and described herein, results in a number]
of advantages. The springs 19 and 20 are without bends
and.jnay be readily treated to bring the same to a high
and uniform temper. Moreover, by reason of the connec¬
tion of the respective pairs of springs 19 and 20 to
each other at one end and to the headed members 16 and
the contact buttons B respectively at the other end. the
bending strains resulting from the engagement of the
buttons B by the ring 12 in the operation of the timer,
will be divided by the springs. Consequently, the bend¬
ing strains to which eaoh of the springs 19 and 20 is
9
subjected will be slight, and the likelihood of the
springs crystallizing and breaking in the long continued
use of the timer is so reduced as to be negligible.
Moreover, as the convex surface portions of the buttons
B become worn, the bending strains to which the springs
19 and 20 are subjected and also the rate of wear of
the buttons will continually be reduced, for by reason
of the wearing of the buttons, both the periods of
engagement of the ring 12 with each button and the
distance through which the latter is moved by the ring
gradually lessen. It is to be understood, of oourse,
'that~by~”reason of the "bumping" engagement of the ring
12 with the contact buttons B, the wearing of these
buttons just referred to, even for a long period of
operation of the timer is but slight.
In plaoe of the oontaots 14 of the construc¬
tion shown in Pigs. 1 and 2, I prefer to employ contacts
of the form shown in Pigs. 4 and 5. In the contact 14’
of Pigs. 4 and 5, the headed member 16', flat springs
19' and 20', and the spacing pins 21' are of the same
construction and arrangement as the corresponding
elements of the contacts 14 shown in Pigs. 1 and 2,
except that the spring 20' is provided at its free end
with an open-ended slot 42. The reduced ends of the
pins 21* which extend through the flat springs 19' and
20' at one end are peaned over at 22' to Beoure these
springs rigidly together in fixed Bpaoed relation at
said end, and the head of member 16' is provided with
a reduced projection extending through the other end
10
of spring 19' and peaned over at 23' to rigidly seoure
said member and spring together. A flat spring 20",
I similar to spring 20' , is secured at one end on the re-
duoed end portions of pins 21' between the shoulders
formed by such reduced end portions and the spring 20'.
The spring 20" is provided adjacent its other or free end
with a circular opening 44. The spring 20" tends, under
its own resiliency, to assume a position in whioh it lies
closely against the spring 20' throughout its length.
The contact button B’, of each contact 14' is of the same
general form os the contact buttons B of contacts 14
shown in Pigs. 1 and 2. The button B' , however, is re¬
movably and rotatably mounted on the free ends of the
springs 20’ and 20", as follows: The button B' on the
I side thereof opposite its inner oonvex contacting side
1 or surface, is provided with a cylindrical projection or
stem 43, the diameter of whioh is less than the diameter
of hole 44 in spring 20", and also slightly less than
the width of slot 42 in spring 20'. The stem 43 1b pro¬
vided intermediate its ends with a cylindrical enlarge¬
ment or collar 45. To apply the button B' in plaoe as
I shown in Pig. 4, it is merely neoeBsary to press and
hold the free end of spring 20" a considerable distance
from the corresponding end of spring 20' , to then slide
that portion of stem 43 of the button between the collar
45 and the head of the button into the slot 42 until it
engages the end wall of the slot, and to thereupon re¬
lease the free end of spring 20". Upon so releasing the
| free end of spring 20". the latter will immediately
move or spring into engagement with the collar 45, with
11
the opening 44 therein taking over the outer end portion
of stem 43 on the button. It Is apparent that the but¬
ton, by reason of the engagement of stem 43 thereof In
the circular opening 44 of spring 20", will be firmly
held or locked against displacement when the timer Is
in operation. Moreover, by reason of the width of slot
42 and the diameter of opening 44 being greater than
the diameter of stem 43, the button B' la rotatable on J
itB mounting. Accordingly, when the button Is engaged
by the contact ring 12 In the operation of the timer,
said ring will, because of itB slow rotary movement,
tend to rotate to the button. As a matter of fact, this
action of the ring 12 on the button B' effects a very
slight angular movement of the latter on each engagement,
with the result that the button presents a constantly
ohanging point of contact to the ring 12. Accordingly
the wear and pitting of the contacting surfaces of the
oontaot buttons, when contacts of the form shown in
Pigs. 4 and 5 are employed, are reduced to a minimum.
In case any of these buttons beoome worn, pitted or
otherwise damaged to suoh an extent as to impair the
operation of the timer, the same may be quiokly replaced
by a new button. To do this it is merely necessary to
press the free end of spring 20" away from spring 20’ a
distance sufficient to disengage the stem 43 from the
opening 44, remove the button by sliding the same
laterally on the spring 20’ until the stem 43 is dis¬
engaged from the slot 42, and to then insert a new but¬
ton as described above.
12
The timer easing 1 is provided with an out¬
wardly extending arm or braoket 25, preferably formed or
molded integrally therewith, having a reoess 26 adapted
to receive one end of the usual rod or link, not shown,
to effeot angular adjustment of the timer easing in
either direction about the axis of the shaft 3 for the
purpose of "retarding" or {'advancing" the spark.
Referenoe character 30 (Fig. 2) represents the
usual circular reoess provided in the engine frame as a
seat for the timer oasing. This recess, especially in
the oase of Ford cars, is very frequently slightly eooen-j
trio to the axis of the timer or cam shaft 3. According¬
ly, I have designed a novel and simple adapter means
which, when the timer is assembled in operative position,
as shown in Fig. 2, properly locates the timer oasing 1
and maintains the same absolutely oonoentrio with the
axis of the timer shaft 3 with the buttons B of the
oontacts 14 oarried by the casing equidistant from said j
axis, thereby compensating for any such eooentriolty of j
the reoess 30 with respect to the timer shaft. This is
an important feature of my invention as it insures
absolutely accurate timing of the sparks produced in the \
cylinders of the engine, regardless of whether the timer
shaft 3 is out of center with the recesB 30. which result
it is impossible to obtain with the constructions here- jj
tofore employed. This novel adapter means comprises a
- V'V*/
' flat adapter ring ^provided with an annular projection
32 on one side adapted to fit somewhat loosely
X (timer reoess 30, and a olrcular looating plate BS^havlng
13
a aentral opening in which the cylindrical bushing or I
sleeve 11 is adapted to fit very closely, the ring 151 j
and plate 33 being connected, as shown, by a pair of
screws 34 which extend through openings 35 in the plate
aDd are threaded into the ring.. The openings 35 are
preferably circular and, while less in diameter than the
heads of the screws 34, are considerably greater in
diameter than the shanks of these screws, and accordingly
upon loosening the screws, the ring 31 and plate 33 may
be relatively adjusted. The locating plate 33 is
adapted to fit very_closely within the open <jnd of ^the^ ^
cylindrical ty&er casing 1, as indicated at 36^, and to &
seat against the adjacent end surfaces of the projecting
portion 15^ To enable the timer cosing 1 to be applied
in the correct angular position, and also to cause the \
adapter means to turn with the casing when the latter is
adjusted to advance or retard the spark, the casing 1 is
provided with a rearwardly extending pin or stud 37
which is firmly secured at one end in a lug 37' formed
on the easing, and the adapter ring is provided with a
radial open-ended slot or recess 38 with which the pin J
37 is adapted to engage.
In installing or assembling my improved timer
in operative position, the cylindrical bushing or sleeve
11 is first slipped onto the reduoed end portion of the
timer or cam shaft 3 against the shoulder thereon. The
screws 34 connecting the ring 31 and plate 33 of the
adapter means are then loosened and the latter is placed
over the shaft and the ring 31 and plate 33 thereof ,
adjusted so that the annular projection 32 of the ring
14
seats within the timer reoessA30 on the engine housing
2 with its slot 38 in a predetermined angular position^ ,
and so that the central opening in the plate is engaged
by the bushing or sleeve 11, after which the screws 34
are tightened. The rotor, comprising eccentric 7, con¬
tact ring 12 and the ball bearing 13, is next placed on
the sheft 3 with the said ring bearing against the
iend 29 of the spring toember 27 or the removable wear
piece 40 carried by said member, and is fastened to the
shaft by the pin 8, after which the pin retainer cap or
ring 9 is slipped over the shaft 3 into operative position
and the nut 10 is applied to the end of the shaft and
-turned up tight. The timer casing 1 is then plaoed in
I position with the stud or pin 37 engaging the slot 38 in ,
| the adapter ring 31 and so that the locating plate 33 /
I fits accurately within the open end of the casing and
j seats against the projections 15 of the latter. The free
end of the usual spring arm (not shown) for holding the
timer casing in position is now seated in the recess 6'
of the cover 6 of the timer casing and the spring
tightened, the end of the rod (not shown) for advancing
and retarding the spark is engaged with the recess 26 of
the bracket 25 of the timer casing, and the wires or
leads from the spark plugs are respectively connected
to the proper oontacts 14 between the nuts 17 and 18.
In advancing and retarding the spark, it will
be apparent that the casing 1. adapter ring SI and locat¬
ing plate 33 will be turned together about the axis of
the .timer shaft 3. However, the maximum angular movement
16
of these parts in adjusting the spark is approximately
twenty degrees, and the annular projection 32 of the
adapter ring 31 does not fit the recess 30. with suffi¬
cient tightness to result in binding upon such movement.
it is to he
ring 12 is grounded to the ’.frame ’iJ/fSh-rougSMSie shest. /
f-*,«‘au,c .<7‘" • "{T
metal spring member 27A looating plate 33 and adapter \
ring 31, as well as through bearing 13, eccentric 7 and [
shaft 3. Consequently, should the electrical connection
between the ring 12 and eccentric 7 become impaired in
any way as by ..presence or accumulation of oil, dirt or
other foreign matter in the bearing 13, the ring would
still be in good eleotrioal connection with one set of
terminals of the spark plugs.
It is to be understood that the oonstruotion
shown and described herein is subjeot to various modifi¬
cations and changes in the size, shape and arrangement
of oarts, without departing from the spirit of my inven¬
tion or the scope of the appended claims.
Having now described my invention, what I
claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is
as follows:
i. m an ignition timer for an internal
oombustion^engi^e, a rotary element, a plurality of
radially arranged .spaoed^and^inBulated contacts, a con¬
tact ring cooperating with said"ooiitaots, means actuated
by said rotary element and capable of frSb-Witary move¬
ment with respect to said oontaot ring for oauslng the^.
i]ii,
16
latter-:
i successively engage said contacts^;!. th_ sub¬
stantially radl eil~moveiDen-ts ,__and means^w
rotary movement of said oontaot rlng(jj
) the — rotary alement.)
E. In an ignition timer for an internal
combustion engine, a rotary element, a plurality of
radially^ arranged, spaced and insulated contacts, a oon¬
taot ring cooperating with said contacts, means actuated
by said rotary element^and capable of free rotary move- ,
ment with respect to said oontaot ring for oausing the
latter to suooessively engage said^contaots with sub¬
stantially radial movements, and means''Comprising a
■7 resilient member having -JCfiotional engagement^ 1th the
/^contact ring he t ing--t e~ re-tar^rotary movement of^the^
'H latte*'«h«u*~4*a— asHrB-of— tb«— ro4«^r--eieine«t .) •/, -7 /'- ? |
In an ignition timer for. an internal com-,
arrangsd, spaoed anov^nsulaued cont>aots^f a oontaot ring^iu^^c
cooperating with said ooht^ots, (means actuated by said V
rotary element and capable of^f^ee rotary movement with
respect to said oontaot ring for chnsing the latter to
successively engage said contacts jwi^^Wbst anti ally
radial movements, and means acting to -j^areNro tary
7 movement of the oontaot rl ng , ob out,-4h e ax. 1 3 yi-
if**-* ^ *■ iCu r,.^u ?
lame nin nald-ring being grounded- te ithe engi-w.
vaUjL' distccA A ' (O
through- sa4d— re-tar dlng-meansv; 1 .
<r
In an ignition timer for an internal 00m-
~~~ ■ _ tfj? &*+<**Az*£ u*ittL -tuc. -t*a***£.
bustion engine, a ''rot^rr-g^gmefrt-, 1 a plurality of radially
ffo a.
a> h*t<ncy ' t s. , r
<^tfoa.Uy ‘Uust^jS <0ax!k tintlx.
bustion engine^
pranged, Bpaoed and Insulated contacts,,,
tUc/U*,
contact ring
ooope>a4jing with said contacts, means comprising an
icoentr-lc ab-tjjated by said rotary element and capable of
free rotary movente-pt with respect to said contact ring
for ceasing the latter'to successively engage said oon-
taots with substantially radlaj.^ movements, and means
■ aeSf^^t^-^ta-rd ' rotary movement o'f^tbe contact ring
grounded to the engine,- frame through said eccentric and
’HV'l Osducc^-Pazfu '/' '/■ ]
rotary element and also through^said' retarding r^ean s^ay/j
ho oa-c-ot. #■»<. vt> o-totuM,id&/ tv aU.eC. st-e-Cast,; ~e.&„.ueoU/f^
5. In an Ignltioh timer, a timer easing, a
plurality of radially arranged, spaced and insulated
oontaotso’arrled by said casing, a rotary element, and
oontaot means actuated by said rotary element to succes¬
sively coaot with sai^oontaots , each of said oontaots
comprising a pair of^ib^
/t together In spaced relati^iat^^I^end, 1 the" othifr^&d of
one of the springs being seoured In rlxpd relation to the
timer oaslng and the corresponding end of the^other spring
being free and disposed in cooperative relation ro^sa Id
oontaot means^^^^!L*rflfe't^:
codiu/. -iy-ctt* tu dctr&2<Le£ -It&oeevo ,
"6. In an Ignition timer, a rotary element, a
plurality of radially arranged, spaced contacts, and
contact means actuat^d-<by said rotary element to succes¬
sively coaot with said contacts to control, a plurality
of Ignitlon^olrouits, each of sald^contaotB comprising
y secured together in spaced relation.. at one enj^»/
of said resilient members belng''fixed^
other end of c
18
' and— th_ecor responding end of the other
being free and dTSpwsed-Jtn__oooperative relation to said
contaot means ^ ~*“y '«<J
-ills' CnCtat/L ■&! J&t' ffitudUiCnifatk. -tulauo -uh£& "ix>
In an ignition timer, a timer easing, and
a plurality of r&d.fally arranged, spaced oontaets
carried by the oasing,^ vea^h^of said contacts comprising
a nairo^f la^^p^^gs^^cur e d*'t.ogeU^r^a^ ^ne^end in
6 spaced 'relatioj^, the other end of ^h^ipringa being
secured in fixed relation to the timer casing-vand the
corresponding end of the other spring being f re e ^
Ul€ Q&uun* Ax<uJ^u,:„ ’fimujzb', el zAcCniituf a-a^i
u<-f QPaun* "furMJzLt, (dxLct
dUcdsJL Mufttg' &OMjL ‘ > I
8. The 'combination with an
pine frame substantially <
aid eTfement, and a
plurality of radialljtarranged, spaoed contacts and
adapted to be applied 1
'said frame with said contacts in
cooperative relation to. said Tsotary element,
/ adapted to, cooperate with said refee^s^ and* the
OAt-eC /uUAy's-Hfo** J&tonMf’
as to condensate for any eccer
with respec.t„.to._the axis of tt
fcicity of said
rotary element
and thereby insure the conggatric^ positioning o^the
timer_oasing and the contacts carried thereby with^
■9-. The combination with an internal oorabus-
in_the engine frame substantially concentric with the
axis of Bald element, end a timer oasl-ngcarrying a
plurality of radially arranged, spaoed contaofs^an^d^
adapted to be applied to said frame with said contaots^in^
19
-cooperative relation to said rotary element, of jadapter
‘l-dejifai/ Cfi :/tf U( tJi. O.ti.L fucc^j qIu cfi*
meanB^toffoompengate 'for any ecoentriolty of sai-d recess
with reapeot to the axis'-of-JShe^ rotary element and
thereby insure the oonoentrio positioning-^of_jthe timer
casing and the oontaots oarried thereby with respeo't-to...
said axis.
<^10.
-H
The combination with an internal com¬
bustion engine having a rotary element and a recess pro¬
vided in the engine frame substantially concentric with
the axis of said element, and a timer casing carrying
a plurality of radially arranged, spaoed oontaots and
adapted to be applied to said frame with said contacts
in cooperative relation to said rotary element, of
adapter means for insuring the concentric positioning of
th.e_timer casing and_._the contacts carried thereby with
respect to the axis of the rotary element, Bald means
comprising a pair of adjustably connected members one of
which is adapted to take withln^said recess and the
! other of which is adapted to fit closely within the timer
oasing and over said rotary element.
. 11. The combination with an internal corabUB-
tion engimT'haying a rotary element and a recess pro¬
vided in the engine^frame substantially oonoentrio with
the axis of said element, and^a^ timer casing carrying
a plurality of radially arranged>-spaoed contacts and
adapted to be applied to said frame withheld contacts^
in cooperative relation to said rotary element^^^f^*
otewMM to compensate for any ecoentriolty of'haid^
reoeas with respect to the axis of the rotary element
20
i thereby Insure the concentric positioning of the
respect to said axis i'-sai^ timer casing and adapter a
havi ng /p-ro^Sl^nx'f o r"^ nahling*'th'e - time r casing and con¬
tacts carried thereby to be located in proper- angular
ti. I I W/'1 / A; —
position (m-th— respect— to— the-prot ary - element .] ■ •./'.■,/ ■ ■
V 12. The combination with an internal combus-
tioneh^ine having a rotary element and a recesB pro¬
vided in^he engine frame substantially conoentric with
the axis of said element, and a timer casing carrying a
plurality of radially arranged, spaced contacts and
adapted to be applleKto said frame with said contacts
in cooperative relation to, said rotary element, of
adapter means to compensate for any eccentricity of said
recess with respect to the axis^f the rotary element
and thereby insure the conoentrio positioning of the
timer casing ana the contacts carried thereby with
respect to said axis, said timer basing and 'adapter means
having. Pin. and alo^tO for1 enabling the timeV^asing
and oontaotB oarried thereby to be located in proper^
) angular position fel-th -r-sspe<4Ubo^
13. In an ignition timer, a rotary element,
an'eooeirttio oonneoted with said element so as to be
actuated th^by^aplurality of radially arranged,
spaced and inaulatid>onliacts. contact means actuated \ V
by said eccentric to eucoessiveay^engage and disengage
said contacts with suhstantially r ad tfrl- move meats . and
] means 4 'ij retarding rotary movement of sald^hcntaotraeanB
comprising a member provided with a replaceable el^snt^
21
having frictional!! engagement with the contact means.
15. The combination of an internal combustion
engine>'an ignition timer applied to said engine, said
timer oompriaiSg^rotary element, a plurality of radial¬
ly arranged, spaced^and'-insulated oontaots, an eccentric
actuated by said rotary element-^and a oontaot ring
loosely mounted on said eccentric anS^autuated thereby to
successively engage said contacts, said ringbe^ng;
grounded to the engine frame through two separate patha^
16. The combination of an internal combustion
engi^>an ignition timer applied to said engine, said
timer comprislhg^a rotary element, a plurality of radially
arranged, spaced and^ipsulated contacts, an eccentric
actuated by said rotary eleme^t^a oontaot ring loosely
mounted on said .eccentric and actfad^dthereby to suo-
' oesslvely engage said contacts, and means-^retarding
rotary movement of said ring, said ring beinggrounded
to the engine frame through a path including said
retarding meanB.
22
17. The combination' of an internal combustion
engirfewm ignition timer applied to said engine, said
timer comprising e rotary element, a plurality of radially
arranged, spaoed'lsndinsulated contacts, an eccentric
actuated by Bald rotarj^^lement , a contact ring loosely
mounted on said eccentric anJK^ctuated thereby to suo-
/ a&dvjneans
cessively engage/said contacts, tar ding rotary...move-
nt of said ring, said ring being grouped to the engine
frame through a path including said retarding^means
and alBO, through a path including said ecoentric . ?/-
18. The combination of an ignition timer
casing carrying a plurality of wU***
and insulated 'oorlbacts, and adapter meaha^ttfj-oorapens&te
for -any oooontrio1~ty'°/^<'K<* timer reoes,s lr^the frame of
.an Internal combustion 7engine^with.^es^eot to the timer
shaft of suoh engine %>• thereby insure the^ooncentrlo
positioning of the timer casing and the contacts-c^rried
thereby with respeot to said timer shaft. '*/?/>•
In an ignition timer, a timer casing, Bnd
contacts carried /by said oaBing,
each of said oontaots o omprls-inK^a^r e s 11 lent ^-msmbe-r free
at one end') and a «nnrataot member removabiy-lin*d rotatably
"mounted^on the free ond of Bald resilient mcmccr. • ththl
in ignition' timer, a timer casing, and
plurality of'Spac.ed contacts carried by said casing,
/ A, . an^' j
eaoh of said contacts oomprisln^aji^li^
at one, end) and a oontaot me mb e^r (so t a tahly ^Sourrfe d^ n t'
free
/ nr***'.
end of said resilient member;
I
S xt- £ t'Sfrlrtf, fbluil'ito Q>t $ ® ^
ignition timer, a timer casing/ and
i plurality of spao^l contacts carried' by said casing,
each of said connote comprising a/mnmber having an
open-ended slo#', a contact memlj^r mounted/ln said Blot
for -rotary movement, and rel/asable mearf3 for locking
Bald contact member in p^ition on said slotted member
while permitting1 rotat^in thereof.
23. In an ignition timer, a timer casipg, and
i plurality of spaced contacts carried by said/oasing,
each of said contacts eoriiprising/a member having an open-
ended slot, a/6ontact member /Counted in spld slot for
rotary movement, and resilient means no/mally engaging
said oonjraot member -to l9«ck the same /n position on the
slotted^ member, sai4 resilient means/ being movable to
disengage the con^otr member to jjSrmit the latter to be
removed from said slotted member.
S timer casing, and
by said casing,
ement having a
on and resilient
ember to look the
resilient means
member to permit
the removal of the latter from said element.
Sljia aperifiratinn Higneb tins
/
ItJbk bag of 19^-2.
g-tate of New 3erarg )
fflnuntg of ESSEX I
THOMAS A. EDISOD. JH. . tlje abnoe nameb
petitioner, being bulg auiorn. bepnaea anb aagB tljat lje ta a ritiEen of tljr Initeb
gitatea, anb a reaibent of Orange, Essex County, Dew Jersey,
tJjat lje oerilg belieuea ljimaelf to be tlje original, firat anb aole imientor of tlje
improorment in
IGUITIOti TIMERS
bearribeb anb rlaiweb in tlje annexeb Bperifiration; tljat Ije boea not know anb
boea not belieoe tljat tlie same tuaa ener known or uarb before Ijia inoention or
biarnoerg tljereof; or patenteb or bearribeb in ang printeb publiration in tlje
InUeb gtatea of Amenta or ang foreign rountrg before ljia inoention or
biarooerg tljereof, or wore tljan two geara prior to tljia appliration; or patenteb
in ang rountrg foreign to Itje lniteb States on an appliration fileb bg ljim nr
hia legal repreaentatioea nr aaaigna wore tljan tweloe wnntlja prior to tljia
appliration; or in pnblir uae or on aale in tlje Initeb Statea for wore tljan two
geara prior to tljia appliration; anb tljat no appliration for patent upon amb
inoention Ijaa been fileb bg ljim or ljia legal repreaentatioea or aaaigna in ang
/vn
oiv. srr
. SL _ i
iJOL.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR «I/ai3
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Wlllltan a. Hardy,..
#68 Banro „sj
. j)xmg£«Jb£* _
Please and below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
k/maa a. Bdlann. Jr.i I^tlQn $li>Wtflt--QO
,t<T
•Jtonuu- C
Commissioner of Patents.
dalas i to 4! end/ 18 to I7are ra Jaoti* as looking In v on t ion
°W •• ’• ^
^iloaiar 1,048,814 OOtqbir 86, 1918 (800-86) la *1« Ol
<rJjfrOtg*: OZ 989,918 August 8, 1906 (100-86) X
Ijj» olaima apt oil/ In gsnaral a tlaar structure ahoan by
Ho alar and intending aa ana lor rataraing tha ro tsr/jlsant and
losing a oonduotlng path shioh la ambodiad in tha Oroa patant by
tht roalliant
Clalna E, 6 "end 7 ""are rejected aa onpatantabl* orer
i4l»y 878,176 febraary 4, 1908 (800-87)
OlalM 8 to 18 and 18 are rajaotad on
i/MoB»oan £ 1,887,718 Deoaaber 17, 1918 ( 800-80) in Tie* ol
1 Podlesak j£ 1,086,076 March 4, 19X15 (188-149)
Mogaoan aboaa the tao alananta iastanad togathar and ralatlaa-
ly adjustable by no ana ol aoraaa bat adjaatable olrosierentially
oni>, Zha patant to Zodalsak ahoaa an adjustment bataaan tao maabera
atlllplng tha onm principle aa that ol tha olaia.
oiaiaai?
ara rajaotad on^
.epeoitylng a rSmo ruble and rotatabla oontaot
- C. : ' 'r‘;V ^ ' '
#695,(36
Shoot #8
Brlnton ^ 1,884,8TB July 84, 191T (800-81)
CtLalM 88 to 84 art rajaoted ea unpatontabla of*
^/jAJor ^1,869,846 BoTambar 83, 1980 (800-B.0.)
On allovanoa ot any claim or upon appaal, ra rial on as to iom
may b« raqolraA (Ordar 2749 )•
Bxamlnar, Ur.
87.
4 04:%*'* /
\i^nc V
/„ 2/ / 7/^
/, 7 & )
rifti7f /
lU tee united states patent office
Id'homas A. Edison, Jr.
! IGNITION TIMERS jgji 37?
Filed Oct. 19, 1922
{serial Ho. 595,525
: HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
, SIR:
in response to the Office Action of July
ilO, 1923, please amend the above entitled case as follows:
Claim 1, line 8, cancel "acting to retard" and
! insert - retarding - . Lines 9 and 10, cancel "about the
axis of the rotary element".
Claim 2, line 10, cancel "acting to retard" and
j; insert - and retarding - • Line 11. cancel "about the axis
jof the rotary member".
Claim 3, line 8, oanoel "acting to retard" and in¬
sert - retarding - . Lines 9 ana 10, cancel "about the axis
iof the rotary element".
{ claim 4, line 9, cancel "acting to retard" and in¬
sert - retarding - . Line 10, canoel "about the axis of the
j rotary element".
Claims 5 and 6, line 7, after "end", first occur¬
rence, insert - but free from the timer casing at such end -
Claim 7, line 5, after "relation" insert - but fre<
jfrom the timer oaBing at suoh end - .
Claims 13. 14, 16 and 17, line 7, cancel "for".
Claim 19, lines 3 and 5, oanoel "member" and insert-
- . Line 4, oanoel "and rotatably". Line 5, after "moun-
j ted" insert - and freely rotatable - .
Claim 20, lines 3 and 6, canoel "member" and insert'
jarm - . Line 4, cancel "rotatably". Same line, after "moun¬
ted" insert - and freely rotatabls - .
Cancel claims :2L to 24 inclusive.
REMABgS
It is submitted that Eatent 929,918 to Crow is not
r pertinent reference for cloims 1 to 4 ana 13 to 17. This
patent is from an art altogether different from that of timers
ior distributors for internal combustion engines, relating as
it does to trolly wheels or harps. It is submitted that it
iwould occur to no one, seeking to make an improvement in a
; timer for internal combustion engines, to borrow anything from
the art of trolley wheels. In other words, it would not be
an obvious thing to modify the structure of Moslor in view of
iCrow so as to obtain the device described in the claims under
icons ideration. The combination of elements defined in these
!! claims i3 a new and useful combination and one which required
j:the exercise of the inventive faculties. Moreover, the inven¬
tion described in these claims constitutes an Important step
in advance in the art for it renders commercially practicable
timers of the type disclosed in the Hosier patent. Further¬
more, while of course there iB some friction produced between
the members 17 of Crow and the cap 37 on which such members
bear, there iB no disclosure in this patent that the said mem¬
bers 17 in the leaBt degree retard the rotation of the trolley
j wheel when the same is in operation. It is accordingly re¬
quested that Crow b* withdrawn as a reference againBt claims
1 to 4 and 13 to 17, and that these olaims be allowed.
In Almy of reoord the ends of the spring contact
members which are oonneoted together in spaoed relation are notj
free from the timer casing but are in fixed rigid relation
thereto, and the oontaots of Almy do not therefore have the
same flexibility or anywhere near the resiBtanoe to wear as
contacts of the construction and arrangement described in
blalras 5, 6 and 7. It la submitted that these claims clearly
and patentable distinguish from Altay.
The rejootion of olnlins 8 to 12 and 18 on Moiceown
in view of Podlesak Is not understood. As the Examiner states,
the two elements of McKeown which are adjustable by means of
screws, are adjustable c Ircumferentlally only. It is submit¬
ted, however, that Podlesak does not disclose an adjustment
between two members which utilizes the same principle as that
of the construction described In the claims under consideration
(Podlesak merely shows means, which after the Igniter body 1
has been removed from the opening 2 in the cylinder head A, in¬
jures the replaclj^ of such body In exactly the same position.
where is no means disclosed in either of these references for
t for a casing
compensating for eccentricity of a reoeBSAwith respect to the
laxis of a rotary member with respect to which 'the casing is de-
Ligned to be positioned in cooperative and concentric relation,
jlf the Examiner persists in rejecting any of these claims on
the references of record, it is requested that he specifically
(apply thh same, especially Podlesak, thereto.
The patent to Brinton does not disclose a contact
Comprising a resilient arm which is free at one end and a con¬
tact member which is mounted and freely rotatable on the free
end of 3aid arm, as described in olaims 19 and 20. It is there¬
fore thought that these olaims should be allowed.
In view of the above, further consideration and allow¬
ance ore requested.
ReBpeotfully submitted,
THOUAS A. EDISOH, JR. .
* **&*§£?*
Edison Of floe Bldg.,
Orange,
! H.J.
i July 3, 1924
! WAH:K
37
834 Annex
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Hpvember 19, 1924
WASHINGTON
'.Yilliam A. Hardy,
92 Berwyn street,
fltmac find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thomas A. 3dlson, Jr.; Ignition Timers; October 19, 1922;
#595,625.
-jjv j7-
Commiarioner of Patents.
In response to amendment of July 0, 1924.
The patent to Grow shows the some meanB desoribed and olairaed \ '
w ioh is a oonduoting means and at tho same time a retarding means
for the purpose of oonduoting eleotrioal ourrent from the side of •
an external rotating ball mounted ring. It is therefore a pertinent
reference sinoo it shows tho same thing claimed and moreover it is
used in a device whioh has similar elements and funotionB ap (the
timer of this application. Both devices are conductors of electri¬
cal ourrent, they both have a ball mounted moving element which makes
contaot with stationary oonduotorSjin tho trolley jvheel the trolley
wire in the timer the stationary oontaots.
Claims 1 to 4 and 10 to 17 are again rejeotod on Hosier of ' A
reoord in view of Crow of reoord. Applying the referenoes as
requested to claim 3 whioh is typical of tho others, Hosier shows
an ignition timer for an internal combustion engine having a rotary
element 4^ a plurality of radially arranged, spaoed and insulated
oontaots 29, a contaot ring j5_oo-operating with said oontaots, (means
(04' aotuated by said rotary element and capable of free rotary move-
#595,525.
Sheet #2
m8nt with respect to said oontaot ring for causing the latter to
successively engage said oontaote wit^^antlaj^adial ^e.
merit eland moans (shown by Orow) retarding rotary movement of
oontaot ring, the ring aa shown by Hosier being grounded to the
engine frame.
It is thus seen that the only element looking in the HoBler
patent is the retarding means shown by crow but no invention is
present by its use in Hosier.
/n Claims 5;,*6, and * as now amended speoify a oontaot as shown by
S Tuttle 1,347,066 July 20, 1920 (200-26)
/ whioh shows all elements, although the shape of the springs is
somewhat different from applicant's but suoh is not considered a
patentable difference as the assembly of the parts is similar and
reeults attained are the same.
Claims 8 to 12 and 18 are directed to a means for centering the
timer casing with respeot to the cam shaft 3, which means consists
of ring to which a locating plate is fastened by means of screws
passing through holes larger than the shank of the screws.
This means of locating one objoot with respeot to another is
shown in Podlesak in whioh the part B io lo^ted^by means^ bolts 7
passing through enlarged holes. This Jlooating means however is not
applied to the same type of device - a timer shell. In McKeown
. . - -
however the same assembly of elements is shown, wherein part 6 cor
responds to the locating plate and screws 7 are used for a purpose J$, (,
similar to what is claimed. To duplicate applicant's devioelferely
requires the means ^of Podlesak applied to MoiCeown. Bo invention is
therefore embodied in the claims in question 8 to 12 and 18 and they
are again iej toted on McKeown in view of Podlesak.
Claims 19 and 20 are rejected on Tuttle cited above in view of
#595,626
Sheet #3
Hosier 03? rooord. Tuttle shows a removable oonbaot 23 held in
plaoe on the end of the Bpring and It may be rotated. In Hosier
there is shown a freely rotatable oontaot 34, Ho invention 1b ap¬
parent In applying tho freely rotatable oontaot of Tuttle to the
devioe of Hosier, The former patent shows all of the elements
olaimed while the latter ■ instructs one in the use of and advantages
if any in a freely rotatable oontaot. The claims therefore con¬
tribute nothing new or novel to the art and are unpatentable.
Examiner, Div, 37,
IK THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
S; Thomas A* Edison, Jr.
IGNITION TIMERS
} Filed October 19, 1922
Serial No. 595,525
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
; SIR :
Room No. 224— Annex
In response to the office Action of
ij November 19, 1924, please amend the above entitled case as
| follows:
i page 1, in the fifth line from the bottom, cancel
"of.”
Claim 7, line 5, after "of" insert - one of - .
REMARKS
It is submitted that the rejeotion of claims 1 to
4 and 13 to 17 on UOBler, in view of Crow, is unwarranted.
: Crow Invented a trolley wheel or harp, whereas applicant has
:i invented an intermittent circuit maker and breaker of the
!' type generally referred to as timers or distributors. It is
| again urged that these two inventions are not in analogous
; arts and that no one desiring to produce or design a timing
device would seek assistance or inspiration in the art of
|| trolley wheels. Applicant has produced an ignition timer
§ comprising a new combination of elements, defined in the
i; claims now under consideration, producing a result not here-
Itofore obtained in this art. Applicant’s conducting and
retarding means has not heretofore been used in an ignition
timer. Moreover, its use in timers of the type herein dis¬
closed has resulted in rendering such timers successful in
operation where they had previously been a failure. The
(means in question not only aots os an electrical conductor
Ifor grounding the contact ring of the timer to the engine
|| frame , hut also aots to retard and actually does retard rotary
movement of the said contact ring. In the device of Crow, '
(however, the contact strips or brushes 16 merely act to con-
(duct the ^current from the rim 34 of the wheel to the body 2 :
of the harp; while there is of course more or less friction !
il developed between the contact strip 16 and the caps 37, the j
(friction thus developed ..is insufficient to retard the rotation^
| of the trolley wheel which is effected by reason of its en- j /
iigagement with the trolley wire. Crow certainly had no j
(intention of so retarding the rotation of the trolley wheel, j
Moreover, such retardation of the trolley wheel would be
detrimental and Crow recognizee this by stating that one of j
(the objects of his invention is to provide a bearing con- |
(struotion for the wheel which will prevent the_ latter from i
(slipping on the wire. Applicant by a simple expedient has
Lade an important improvement in Ignition timers of the type
jdisclosed^and by the use of such expedient, which the Exam¬
iner claims he has borrowed from Crow, has obtained a result
(which is of advantage in this type of ignition timer but
(which would be detrimental in Crow’s device. In connection
Lith the pertinency of Crow to the claims under consideration,
lithe Examiner’s attention is directed to the following:
|1 "Whore a peculiar construction of tooth had
1 been used in a horse-rake, the use of a lire
construction in a weeding machine: ^v^horse*
had an aotion which, if present in the horse
rake would have impaired its usefulness, in¬
volves more than a mere double or
use." Hallook et al vs. Davison, et al, 107
F. 402.
"The fact that, for eleven years following
Beardslee’s commutator wheel patent, 1* J|0®8
not seem to have ooourred to any °£those ec-
tively engaged in experiments to prevent de
-2-
struotive arcktng in
trollara to apply to the solution of the
problem the segmented and insulated com-
SSK? wheel construction, is fencing
evidence that the commutator art and the
nnntroller art are not so analogous as to
preclude invention in the ad°££°“ ]!yf o£nSe
& I,amme of their sleeve construction for
the purpose of preventing electric areking
in controller drums. " Hobbs v. Beach 180
tt q '40 21 Sup. Ct. 409, 45 Ii.
Electric ' Controller & Supply Co. v^ Westing-
house Eleotrio & Mfg. Co., 171 S’. 83, 92.
"Although it was old in water pipes,
boilers, valves etc., to provide a weakened
head to give way to pressure and thus re¬
live stfain, eW for the same purpose--
sas sr-K -
meters may in construction ond seneral
operation be the same. but •• at “Jig °*t »
applied art they are essentially different.
National Meter Co. vs. Neptune Meter Co.,
1B2 S'. 75.
The rejection of claims 6, 6 and 7 on Tuttle is not |
understood. Each of these claims describes a contact struo- |
ture which is entirely different in construction from that j
i 0h own by Tuttle and which is believed to be superior to Tuttle
(in attaining the results desired. Tuttle does not. as Ae- |
Iscribed in each of these claims, disclose a contact comprising
| a pair of flat springs or resilient members which ere secured |
! together in spaced relation at one end and are free from the j
| timer casing at such end. and in which the other end of one j
! sprins is secured to the timer casing and the corresponding j
Send of the other spring isjfree. The springs of Tuttle are
Lolly different in construction from those of applicant’s
!| contact devices and the contact buttons of Tuttle are sup¬
ported by the coiled springs shown in a manner different from
button of applicant’s structure, furthermore,
springs of Tuttle has a freehand disposed in
relation to contact means actuated by a rotary
specified in applicant’s claims. It is aooord-
jthe oontaot
j none of the
Ioo operative
element, as
iiingly submitted that: claims 5, 6 and 7 should ho allowed. j
Be consideration and allowance of claims 19 and 30 j
jare also requested. In the first place, it is not apparent j
jthat the contact 33 of Tuttle is a freely rotatable contact.
i'Tuttle does not describe it as such. In the second place,
the contact 34 of Hosier is not a freely rotatable contact
■for the coiled spring 35 engages one end of such contaot and
acts to friotionully resist rotary movement thereof. It is
believed that this frictional resistance is sufficient to :
[overcome any tends noy the contact ring 5 would hove to rotate
■i the contact 34 upon engaging the latter. And in the third
place, neither Hosier nor Tuttle discloses a resilient arm
■free at one end and a contact member mounted on the said free
:end.
Claims 8 to 13 and 18 ore directed to a construc¬
tion for properly locating the timer easing with respect to
i! the shaft 3 and also with respect to the usual timer reoess
ijprovided in the engine frame. This timer recess is supposed
| to be concentric with the cam shaft, but in most oases it is
[somewhat > eccentric thereto, and applicant ' s ad apter mgans.ls
[designed to compensate for this ecoentrioity. It is believed
| the"^xaminer~h8S__ rejected these claims due to a misunder-
istandlng of the construction disclosed in the patent to
ipodlesak, for the Examiner in discuesing this petent states
jthat the part B of Poalesak is located by means of boltaJ-7
j|passyig._throuBh enlarged holes. As a matter of fact, the en-
II larged holes for the holts 7 of Podlesak and also the en¬
larged hole in which the part B is located, are for the pur¬
pose of facilitating eaBy removal of the Ignitor and to
obviate the necessity of careful fitting of the parts, and it
-4-
ilia beoause of these enlarged holes thot the liability exists !
|of the igniter being positioned improperly withreapeot to J
jjthe generator operating mean3. To insure the proper relative j
[positioning of the ignitor and generator operating means
iiPodlasak employs a oonstruotion comprising the parts 10, 12
land 24, whioh parts permit of no relative adjustment of the
[[ignitor and generator. In other words, the oonstruotion of
Ipodlesak merely holds the ignitor in a fixed position and in¬
jures the replacing thereof in exaotly the same position. It
neither allows nor provides for any adjustment such as in
applicant's arrangement. In the further consideration of the
patent to Podlesak, the Examiner's attention is directed to
lines 45 to 82 and 106 to 118, page 1, ana lines 1 to 48,
page 2, of the specification of the Podlesok patent. If
todlesak's positioning device were applied to the Mokeown
structure , no useful purpose wouia result and no such adjust¬
ment as applicant contemplates wouia be possible. The
assembly of elements disclosed in Moke own is not the same as
in applicant's structure; for the rocker plate 4 of Mokeown
[does not cooperate with a reoeas in the frame of the device
whioh is supposed to be concentric with the magneto shaft.
The adjustment provided for by Mokeown is merely a relative
angular adjustment of the rooker plate 4 and the mounting
|
plate 6 so as to bring the conteot points in proper angular j
relation with the shaft of the magneto. It is requested that j
jjthe rejection of claims 8 to 12 and 18 on Mokeown In view of
podlesak be withdrawn.
' in view of the foregoing, further consideration and
allowance are requested.
Respeotfully submitted,
|
Sdison Office Bldg., His Attorney
)range, H. J.
iovember 18, 1925.
Dl,. a7 Room 224 *“»« *■«<•
ti - . . Department of Commerce
Wuhlnitoit, D.C.," ^ ' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
t;r« WASHINGTON VII-MK
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in
charge of this application
January 20, 1926.
a/
(William A. Hardy,
92 Berwyn Street,
Orange, IT. J.
Commissioner of Patents App 1 i 0 ant A* EdlBOn, J*. ,
fo-
Ser. No. 595,525,
Piled Qot. 19. 1922.
For Ignition Timers'.
MWU®
FEB 161926 mailed
J^N t 0 1926
In response to amendment filed. Nov. 19, 1925.
Additional referenoeo made of record j
, 1923. (200-26) _ ~
Claims 1 to 4 and 1Z to 17 were previously rejected on
Mosler, in view of Crow, but applicant believes the rejection
unwarranted. In a further consideration of the claims anl a
review of the references the rejection seems to be a proper one.
A timer is olaimed suoh as the one shown by Hosier whioh contains
aB the substanoe of claim 1 indicates a rotary element 1, a
.plurality of contacts Z4, .a contact ring 5, means 4 for causing
the contact ring to enegage the contacts. Now the olaim further
specifies a retarding element which serves as a grounding element.
Suoh an element is certainly shown by Crow at 16, for the
purpose of gr trading the rim or ring of the trolley wheel to the
harp anl thereby eliminating the uncertain conductivity by way
of the balls 22 Incidentally the part 16 acts aB a retarding
means, although same may not be recognized In the patent it 1 s
opncelvable how it might be of utility in a trolley wheel to l
prodnoe a jagflauftlding ocntaot of the wheel. /The use of
suoh a means transported to Hosier's patent dees not indioate
invention.
In the patent to lee cited above, this retarding and
grouding means is direotiy shown together with all elements of
the timer meohanlsm as olaimed.
Claims 1 to dland 15 to 17 are again rejected on Hosier
in vlew of Crow also on Lee solely. '
Ser. No. 595,525 -2-
^ 9
Claims 5, 6 and 7 are again rejected aB laoking
invention over Tuttle of record. In a farther review of the
reference taken in connection with the olalms, the rejection
is believed legitimate. The structure of the claims only
amounts to a ohange in form of the ap;£ngB_vjhigh_is. Jjn unpatent¬
able Change as no new results are produced.
In Clerke oited above, the equivalent of the claims
is shown. He usee a single spring 12 to aooanplish the same end,
whereas applicant uses two springs Joined together at 21.
Claims 5, 6 and 7 are further rejected cm Clarke.
Claims 8 to 12 are again rejected cm ItoKeown, in view
of Podlo aak, both of reoord. Which taken together anticipate
a device such as claimed. Previous detailed reasons still hold.
Claims 19 and 20 now olaim contacts freely rotatable,
but such is not /the case as there is a certain amount of friotlon
present by reason of pressure of spring 2flF and ocntaot with
spring 20*. In looking over Tuttle’s patent, the ocntaot
buttons, vhile not loosely mounted on springs 22 would neverthe¬
less he subject to shifting as applicant claims and describes
for his buttons. No patentable features are seen in the
olaims over the references and they are rejected on Tuttle solely.
In view of the referenoee showing all of the broad
principles claimed, the logical conclusion is that applicant is
not the first inventor of these principles. He should therefore
direct future claims to the specific forms not embodied in the
patents of record. C&fr •
IN IHE UNI'lED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr. . !
IGNITION TIMER
Filed October 19, 1922 Room 224 Annex
Serial No, 696,525
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Office Aotlon of January 20, 1926,
please amend the above entitled ease as follows:
Page 1, line 9, change the comma (,) to a period (.),
and oanoel "the present invention In some aspects": .
Cancel lines 10, 11 and 12. lines 21 and 22 oanoel "espeola]
; iy timers of the type desoribed in my pending application re¬
ferred to above", line 26, before "grounding" insert -
i; effective - .
Page 7, line 27, before "plate" insert - conductive •
Page 13, line 27, before "provided" insert - of
! oonduotive material - . line 29, before "having" insert -
ji /
of oonduotive material.- «
Page 14, line 14, before the period (.) insert -
;| to form a closure for said casing - .
Page 15, line 1, after "reoess" insert - or seat - .
ii Page 16, line 6, cancel "through" 9nd insert -
jj at the seat 30 and outwardly of the 3haft 3 through a direct
jj path Including - , line 7, before "locating" insert - and
I the oonduotive means engaging said sheet and comprising the -
Oanoel claims 1 Bnd 2.
|| Claim 3, line 2, oanoel "(infl, a rotary element,"
land Insert - the frame of which is provided with the usual.
!' timer seat, a timer casing adapted to be mounted In said seat
i; a rotary element disposed substantially centrally of said
timer easing and said seat. - . Jine 3. after contacts.
in8ert - carried by and disposed Within the timer casing - .
Cancel lines lOitana 11 and insert in place thereof - Bald ring
jteing grounded to the timer seat of the engine frame outward -
Sly of said rotary element through a direct path Including said
^retarding means.
Claim 4, line Z, cancel ", a notary" element" and in¬
sert - the .frame ofwhich is' provided with the usual timer
laeat or recess, a timer cosing adapted to he applied to said
, Saeat; a.totary element extending through said *eat substantial-
|i ly oentrally thereof into said timer casing - . Line 3, i
Lfter -contacts" insert - carried by and disposed within said j
timer casing - . U* 12. after "through" insert - a direct j
path including - . Some line, ofter "means" insert - at a j
/point in said timer seat outwardly of said rotary element. j
Claims 5^ and 6. lust line, after 1aenns" Insert - . J
whereby the bend Lug strains resulting from the engagement of j
the oontaot by the said contact means will be divided between
said springs - .
Claim 7; line 3. before "each" insert - means for
successively engaging said contacts, - . In the last line,
| a£ter "free" insert - whereby the bending strains resulting
from the engagement of the contact by said means is divided
;he tween said springs - . ^
j Claim 8, line 8, cancel "and" and Insert a comma (,).
jUne 9, before "so" insert - and said rotary element - .
Claim 9, line 8. after "means" insert - comprising a
: member adapted to ooaot with said recess.-. Same line, change
jj - of said reoess" to - of suoh reoess - .
| claim 10, line 12. after "within" Insert - and ooaot
|j with - .
Ij ■
i;
a 1/
Claim 11, lino 8, oonoel "adepter means" and Insert
an adapter devioe - . line 12, oonoel "means" and insert
L davioe - . Line 13, cancel "provision" and insert - 00-
^ w.ith respect to -
lacting means - . Line 15, cancel \the rotary eloraent" and
1 in
insert -Asald recess - .
Claim 12, line 13, after "slot" insert - engaging - .
i! With respect to ,in ..
"Line 15, cancel ’’the" rotary element" and insert -^Baid reoeas
Cancel claims 13 to 17 inclusive.
Claim 16. lines 3 and 4, cancel "to compensate for
liany eccentricity of" and insert - comprising a member adapted
| to ooact Pith - . Line 0, after "engine" insert - to com¬
pensate for any eccentricity of said recess - . Line 6,
cancel "to" and insert - and - .
Cancel claims 19 and 20.
j; Add the following claims:
ji. _ ^5. In an ignition timer, a casing, and a contact
Ijcarried by said cosing comprising a tnamber having an open-
jj ended alot, >o oontaot element having 9 head and a shank, said
jjahank having a collar Intermediate ita ends, said contact
jjelement being mounted on said member with that portion of its
jjahank above said collar engaging said slot, ana a resilient
Imember connooted at one end with said slotted member and hav¬
ing an aperturea free end, the apertured end of the resilient
jjmember normally being held under the resiliency of 3uch mem-
jiber in engagement with the lower end of the shank of the con¬
tact member, substantially aa described.
The combination with an internol oombustion
engine hav ingV^otftJ7 element and a timer recess provided in
the engine frame subs tantTnilyconoen trio with the axis of
[said rotary element, aof a timer oaatngjaounted in said re-
oesa, a plurality of radially arranged spaoed^and^insulated
contacts carried by and disposed within said casing, aohntgotj
rlflg cooperating wlthosatd contacts, means actuated by said
IroW^m^t and capable of free rotary movement with re-
» speot to aaldoontaoi^rlnK for causing the letter to successive-
lily engage said c ontacO?td>^oM«otlve device having di¬
rect electrical connection withTW^aald timer recess
outwardly of said rotary element and comprlslns^momber in
direct electrical connection with sold contact ring
/y^n
; stantlally aB described.
L/ 27. The combination with an Internal combustion
^n^havlns a rotary element and a timer recess provided
f ln th0 on^Mjframe substantially concentric with the axis of j
1 said rotary of a timer casing mounted in said .re¬
cess, a plur all ty oiSrod 1 ally arranged spaced and Insulated
contacts carried hy un^ls^ed within said casing, a contac
S ring cooperating with said Intacta, means actuated by said
1 rotary element and capable of freesrotary movement with ro¬
ll spect to aald contact ring for oauslngs^e latter to suo-
I ceaslvely engage sold oontocts, and a conductive device hav¬
ing dlreot electrical connection with a wall oKjeald rooess
outwardly of said rotary element and comprising an'^mraiy
extending member having wiping engagement with said °°n^t^
ring, auhstantlally as desorlhed.
. 28. The combination with on Internal combustion
engine he^hg a rotary element and a timer recess provided
in the engine f^me. substantially concentric with the axis
| of said rotary ele^^of a timer casing mounted in s aid
' recess . a plurality of rosily arranged spaced and lnsuloted|
oontocts carried hy and dlspos^ithin said casing, a contact
ring cooperating with said contacts, M ana actua ted by said
rotary element and capable of free rotary movement with re-
apeot to said contact ring for causing the latW^to suo-
oesslvely engage said contacts, and a conductive device^-
lng-direot eleotrioal connection with a wall of said recess
o utw a rdly~"k~~sald~~r o t a ry_eloment^ana^ comprising an Inwardly
extending resilient arm maintained ufid-e
in wiping engagement with said oontaot
as described.
REMARKS
It is submitted that olnima 3 and 4 as amended snd
also new claims 26, 27 and 26 presented herewith, clearly and
patentably distinguish from Moaler, Crow and Lee of record.
Each of these claims describes a speolflo construction found
in none of these references. in Lee, in both of the forms
of the invention shown, the contaot ring is grounded to the
engine frame through a path which inoludes the timer shaft 6.
Because of the fact that the timer shaft soon becomes covered
with oil, grease and dirt, this manner of grounding the con¬
tact ring to the engine frame is very unsatisfactory and fallB
to obtain the result desired. With referenoe to the Crow
patent, It Is inconceivable what utility would result In re¬
tarding the trolley wheel so as to cause the same to Blip or
slide on the trolley wire. Crow gives as one of his objects
the prevention of the slipping of the trolley wheel on the
kre and dearly states the objection to such slipping, namely,
the resulting wear upon the trolley wheel. As a matter of
fact, the part 16 of Crow does not retard the trolley wheel
■for, although It may have a slight tendency to do so, the
friction of the member 16 against the trolley wheel is negli¬
gible as compared with the friction of the trolley wire
against the wheel which oauses the latter to rotate. Ad¬
mitting, for the purpose of argument;., only that crow and nosier
may properly be combined, these references when considered
Jointly wholly fall to disclose the construction and arrange¬
ment described in any of claims 3, 4, 26, 27 and 28. In this
-6-
■r--JLis__own^resl. 1 1 e noy
ring, sub s t an tTal-ly~_._
»/'M
j oonneotlon it is to be noted that Hosier does not disolose an
S engine frame having a timer recess, and it Is not apparent
Show the ring 6 of his structure could be grounded to the en- '
; gine frame, except through the rotary timer shaft 1 and one
or the other of the various roller bearings disclosed. For
: the reason stated, it is thought that claims 3, 4, 26, 27
: and 28 should be allowed.
It is submitted that neither Tuttle of record,
Snor Clarke discloses the contact device construction, or the
; patentable equivalent thereof, described in claims 6, 6 and 7,
^Applicant's contact device is very different in construction
.I1 from that of both Tuttle and Clarke, and such difference in
'construction results in improved ooeration and longer life.
Accordingly claims 6, 6 and 7 should be allowed, With ap¬
plicant's construction the bending strains resulting from the
engagement of the contact by the contact means or ring are
!j divided between two flat spring members having no bends with
;! the result that the bending straingr.to which each of such
\ spring members is subjected will be minimised end the likli-
| hood of such members becoming crystallised and breaking in .
j the continued use thereof is negligible. Moreover, it is
I! diffioult to bring springs of the form disclosed in either
] Tutle or Clarke to a uniform temper throughout, whereas with
the form of springs employed by applicant, this oan easily
; he done. In this oonneotlon. the nExsminer ' s attention la
| directed to the last twelve lines of page 9 and the first
j three lines of page 10 of the specification of this appli-
jf 'oation. In Tuttle’s oontaot device the bending strains
'j] are not divided between two springs in the sense that this
J is done in applicant’s device, for each of the two sprlnga
j or spring sections of Tuttle, upon the closing of the oir-
| oUitidOnt rolled thereby, is deflected or bent to substantial
Xy the same extent as would be a single similar spring or
;j apting seotion if used in the same relation with one end
attached to the casing art the other end free and supporting
the contact. In Clarke's contact device, the tend 15 of
the single spring member 13 will he subjected to practically
; all of the handing strains and therefore it is at this hand
! that the spring member will he quite likely to crystallize
i and break - one of the vary things that applicant's structure
is designed to ovoid.. Moreover, in Gierke 'b sonstrtiotiop
] the short straight seotion of spring 13 between the binding
'post 14 and the bend 15 will be subjected to practically none
of the bending strains. In this connection, it is to be
noted that the spring 13 at this bend 15 engages the wall
of casing seotion 10, art the latter at this point therefore
;j provides a fulcrum for the 'long bent section of the spring
|i member.
Reconsideration of claims 8 to 12, as now presented,
land of the remarks relative to these olaims, accompanying
| the amendment of November 19. 1925, are requested. It is not
j apparent how Podlesak can he combined with Mcxeown to produce
| a structure which would anticipate these claims, without
! the exeroise of invention. Neither Podlesak nor McKeown
discloses a construction having an adjustment adapted to
j compensate for Eccentricity, and neither of these references
jj discloses a timer recess and means ooaoting with such ro¬
ll oess for obtaining such result. As has been previously
|| Indicated, McKeown does not, contrary to the statement of
| the Examiner, show the same arrangement and assembly of
j elements described in the claims here being considered, in
IMoZeown, there is no recess shown in the frame 1 for the
reception of the rocker plate 4, and the adjustment provided
between the members 4 and 6 is a relative angular adjustment
only. By the applicant's arrangement, any eooentrlcity
Whatever of the timer-shell recess with respect to the timer
ishaft may he readily compensated for. In Poalessk no angu¬
lar adjustment of the igniter B is possibly, but only
^rectilinear adjustment thereof and suoh rectilinear adjust¬
ment may be mode in but a Bingle direction, all other ad¬
justments beine prevented by the engagement of rod 12 between
jjthe lugs 14; whereas in applicant’s construction the adopter
ijpla.te ’-and adapter ring maybe relatively adjusted not only
angularly, but reotilinearly in any direction. The enaction
of the adapter means with the timer reoosB to accomplish this
iresult Is cleorly desoribed in olaims 8, 9 and 10. claims
jjll and is further distinguish from PoaieBak and' McKeovm hy
^specifying that the timer oasine and adapter device or means
have ooucting means or pin and slot engaging means for
enabling the timer casing and contacts carried thereby to
:Jhe located in proper angular position in the timer reoeBS,
ijrjjhiB feature is clearly not prasent in either podlesak or
HoKeown.
| \7hile claim 18 was not rejected in the last Office
| Action, this claim has been amended to bring out the ooaotion
5 0f the adapter means with the timer reooss to compensate for
;j any eooentrloity of the recess.
j! pew olaim 26 presented herewith. Is clearly allow¬
able over the references of record, none of which discloses
ji a member having an open-ended slot find a contact element
|j mounted in the slot of suoh member and releosably looked in
j| position thereon by the specific atlon described in this
l| claim.
in view of the above, further consideration and
allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted
THOMAS A. EDISON, JH.
EdiBon Office Bldg. ByC^
Orange, New Jersey
January 19, 1927
‘ it f Boon
. /V,
Paper No. g
884 Annex
Department of Commerce _ _ _ _
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE °»£?3lBSJ-.
WASHINGTON Jun0 2, 1927 VI 1/8
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in
charge of this application. t
Henry lanahan,
Hdieon Office Bldg.
Orange, N.J,
t>f Paten u. Applicant: Thome a. Hdieon, Jr.
Ser. No. 696.686
Filed Ootobef 19, 1928
Por Ignition Time re .
I
In reeponee to amendment of January 80, 1987. JUNE^.1927
In the oaee of olaim 3 there la no more necessity of retard¬
ing the contact ring than there ie in retarding Crow’ e .trolley
wheel. The retarding effeot ie inoidental to the contacting of
the brush in applicant's as well ae in Crow's derloe. Thie wae
dieoueeed epeoifloally in the previous letter hut applicant now
attempts to broaden the olaim by omission of means for grounding
the ring. In the Ides of Crow'e patent, no olaim will be al¬
lowed on this feature.
Claims 4,26,87 and 88 follow along the seme lines as olaim
3. The claims are again rejected on Hosier in Yiew of Crow.
Applicant refers to lee's devloe as grounded through the
timer s»»ft. This means of grounding ie Just as reliable as
applicant's means of grounding to the timer shell, In which case
the connection between the plate 31 and orank oaee 2 ie eubjeot
to resistance of the same uncertain magnitude ae the path through
a oam shaft.
Claims 6,6 and 7 are again re Jeoted on Clarke and Tuttle
iioh show springs oonneoted together at one end, the other end
of each spring being oonneoted to the timer casing and a fixed
oontaot respectively.
Claims 8,9,11,18,16 are rejected on XoXsown in view of
THIS ACTION MUST BE RESPONDED TO WITHIN SIX MONTHS.
#096,625
Sheet #3
podleeak. The latter shove a Maas for centering one part with
reopeot to another whiohmy be ut lliaed in a timer euoh as shown
by KoKeown. Ho broad ola las euoh ae applicants present ones
■ay be allowed thereover.
Claims 10 and 26 are allowed.
Examiner.
m THE uhited states patent office
Thomas A* Edison, Jr,
ilGHITIOH TIMER Division 37, Room;i224
| piled ootober 19, 1922 Annex
Serial Ho, 596,626
IhOBORABIE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS:
SIR:
in response to the office Aotlon of June 2, 1927,
i please amend the above entitled case, as follows: y y y
ij Cancel olaims 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 18, 26,
y /
27 and 28,
I REMARKS
All the claims rejected in the office Action of
ljune 2, 1927 have been cancelled by this proposed amendment,
I the only olaims retained being allowed olaims 10 and 26.
jjhlB amendment, which, if entered, will place this application!
in condition for allowance, accompanies a petition that the
jj application be held not abandoned and verified statements
\ ah owing why the delay in presenting the amendment waB unavold-|
able within the meaning of the statute.
|
Respectfully submitted
THOMAS A. EDISOH , JR.
By _
(HAS A. fiJJiaun, oat
i| Edison office Building
Orange, Hew jersey
peoember 3, 1927
P nil 10 B
'Application of Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
Serial Ho. 595,626
Subject of invention: IGHIIIOH TIMER
[(piling date: October 19, 1922.
TO THE COUHISSlOHER OP PACES TS: j
SIR; j
| Your petitioner averB - |
|j PIRST, That It la the owner of the above identl^.
fled application under an assignment dated December 13. 1926
[and recorded on December 16, 1926 In Transfer of Patents,
limited States Patent Office, liber U-128, page 317.
| . 3BC0HD. That on June 3, 1927 an Office Action,
dated June 2, 1927, In eaid application Serial Bo. 595,626,
l^aa received by petitioner's general counsel, Henry lanahan, j
who is the associate attorney In said application. j
THIRD. That whereas said application serial
jHo. 596,525 was due for amendment, in response to said Office j
Lotion of June 2, 1927, not later than Decenber 2, 1927, by
reason of a delay which was unavoidable within the meaning of
[the stattrte, as will appear from the sworn statements of
| Henry Lanahan, William A. Hardy and Blanche Boetsoh, ««oh
i dated Decenber 9, 1927, accompanying this petition, an amend¬
ment in said application responsive to the office Action of
f juna 2, 1927 was not actually prepared until December 3, 1927.
I FOURTH. That your petitioner's assignor,
Thome b A. Edison, Jr. , is barred from filing a new application
on the subject-matter of said application serial Ho. 695,525.
’ inn, That the proposed amendment to said ap¬
plication serial Ho. 595,625 accompanying this petition and
{dated December 3. 1927 will. If entered, place this applica¬
tion in condition for allowance.
(
SIXTH. Shat your petitioner would be damaged In
case said application aerial Ho. 59B.626 were held abandoned. j
WHERE EO RE, your petitioner praya that said ap- !
plication aerial Ho. 695,626 be held not abandoned, and that
the Examiner In charge of said application be directed to
enter said proposed amendment dated December 3, 1927 and to
pass said application to Issue.
THOMAS A. EDI30H, IHCORPORAIED
oU&j
December 7 ,
Edison Offloi
1927
3 Building
orange. Hew Jersey
AJFinVII
I
3d AIK OF NEW JERSEY )
\ S3,
liOOUUIY OF ESSEX '
wtt.t.t»m A. HAKDY, bains duly sworn deposes ond
laaya that he la - resident of Madison, Hew jersey; that he
ihas been employed as an attorney in the legal Department of
! Thomas a. Edison, incorporated, located at west Orange, Hew
\ jersey, for a period of over fifteen (15) years and is as-
Blatant to Henry lanahen, the general counsel of eaid Thomas
A. Edison, incorporated; that throughout tne entire period
of his employment with Ihcmas A. Edison, Incorporated his work
;h8S consisted principally in the preparation and prosecution
of patent applications; that for a period of over sis: (6)
^ years he has. under the direction of said Henry lanahan. Per- |
sonally prepared and prosecuted all applications for patents j
i handled, in said legal Department; that there is maintained in |
: said legal Department a system of records relating to and for
i keeping track ef pending patent applications which system In¬
cludes a file-wrapper record, a book record and a card index
[record, and this same system has been used In said Legal De¬
partment during the entire fifteen year period of his said
I employment; that from March, 1926. up to the present time,
Blanche Doetseh has held the position of clerk and stenographer
I; in said legal Department and has during that period, under
his direction and/or under the direction of said Henry Lanahan,
\ made all entries in the said system of records; that he is
j th. attorney of record in patent application of Ihomas A.
Edison, Jr., serial Ho. 595,525, filed October 19, 1982 and
I entitled IGHITIOH TBQ3B; that in December, 1926, said Thomas
A. Edison, incorporated acquired said application serial
Ho. 695,585 under an assignment dated December 13, 1986 and
recorded in Transfers of E.tenta, V. 3. Offlo«* °B
jappllostion 3erlal Ho. 596,525 was so acquired hy Thomas A.
Edison, incorporated, he peraonally handled the prosecution
^thereof ns a matter separate and distinct from his said em¬
ployment with Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated; that by a power
'of attorney dated January 7, 1927 he appointed said Henry
kanahan aasoolate attorney inisaid application serial Ho.
f69 5,526 and thereafter he conducted the prosecution of Bald
application, under the direction of said Henry Lonahen and aB
a part of his work in said Legal Department; that when or
shortly after Thomas a. Edison, incorporated acquired said ap¬
plication serial Ho. 595,526, said Blanche Boetsoh was di- j
rented either hy him or said Henry Lanehon, to make in said |
system of records proper entries of data identifying such ap- j
plication and of all the aotions made or taken therein; that
on June 3, 1927 a patent office Action, dated June 2, 1927, in
Paid application Serial Ho. 596,525 was reoeived in said LogA
Department and was, after being examined by him, turnod over
to said Blanche BoetBch for attachment to the other papers
Constituting the file of such application and for entry in
'said records; that on several occasions subsequent to
We3, 1927, deponent examined entries in sold records relat¬
ing to said application serial Ko. 595,525 and on each such
^examination thereof he mistook the date of said office Action
of June 2, 1927 in said entries for June 21, 1927 and also
Ifound that card of said card index record relating to such ap¬
plication occupying a position in such curd. index record corres-
ponding to that which should be occupied by a oera relating to
!an application in whioh the time for responsive action would
■expire on Deoember 21, 1927 ana that such card was preceded by
^several oaras relating to other applications innwhioh tho
Limit for responsive aotion expires in the month of December,
1927 ena prior to the 21st day of said month; that in the en¬
tries of said Office Aotion of June 2, 1927 on said records
-2-
jitha date of such office Action could readily he mlsteken for
jj june SI, 1987 as the comma after the number "2" In 6aoh of
1 euoh entries Is straight and unusually long and has the ap-
jj pearanoe of the number "1"; that on December 2, 1927 do-
| poncmt oorofully examined the filaa of all ponding applica¬
tions in said legal Department, lnoludlng Bold opplloation
l serial Ho, 696, CEB, wheroln It wau noooBsary within a period
1 of more than five weeks from said date to make recpoiiBlvn
j amondinonts or uotlons, for the purpose of preparing such
| amendments or notions; that It was between five and five
j thirty P. II. on Deoowhor 2, 1927 v&on ho discovered that the
|j lost offioo Action made In said application serial no.
|; ns 6, 025 was dated Juno 2, 1927 instead of June 21, 1927; that
on Decenber 2, 1927 and before he discovered said oversight, j
!i he worked on the preparation of actions in two applications
|| wherein the time limit for responsive action would «q?ire et
| a later date la the month of December 1927; that on December
3, 1927 he oonforrod with said Heniy lanahon In regard to his
j oversight in mistaking the date of said office Action of
| june 2, 1927 for Juno 81, 1927 ana his failure to prepare and
|| file on amondmont or notion in such application within the
S time when the some was due, and explained to said Kenry Dnna-
Shan the reasons for such oversight and failure; that im¬
mediately after such oonferunoo with said Henry Lonahan he
jj prepared the amendment accompanying this statement ana doted
Deoembor 3, 1927; that during the fifteen year period of
I1* his oonnaotlon with said Logal Deportment of Thomas A.
E41 son, incorporated sovcrol hundreds of applications have
been proBOOuted beforo the PBteat office by said Legal De¬
partment end this is the only cose in all such applications,
of failure, booousc of Inadvertence or oversight, to prepare
and flic In the Patent office, within the time when due, an
action In response to a Patent Office Aotlon.
-3-
Deponent further says that at the same time said
i; Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated enquired said application
Serial Ho, 695,525, it also aoqulred Canadian Patent Ho.
ij 267,699 of Thomas A. Edison, Jr., entitled IGHITIOB TIMERS
and dated January 9, 1923, under an asel^ment dated Peoem-
her 13, 1926 and recorded in the patent pdd'; copyright of floe
at Ottawa, Canada, on January 16, 1927; "ihat said Canadian
patent is for the same invention as that deBorlhed in Bald
1 application Serial Ho. 595,626; and that for a period of more
than three years prior to the time when Thomas A. Edison,
incorporated aoqulred said application Serial Ho. 595,626, a
large number of ignition timers embodying the invention de¬
ll Boribed in such application were manufactured and sold.
Deponent further says that shortly after acquir¬
ing said application Serial HO. 595,525, said Thomas A,
Edison, incorporated entered into negotiations for the sale
of rights under the invention described in such application,
‘which negotiations resulted in the execution, on October 15,
1 1927, of a formal egreament providing for a license, on a
| royalty basis, under any patent which might be obtained on
| suoh ebplloation ; and that he believes said Thomas A. Edison,
| incorporated, particularly in view of said agreement of
i Ootober 15, 1927, would be materially damaged in oase said
jl application Serial Ho. 596,526 should be held abandoned.
AFFIDAVIT
STATS Off KEVf JERSEY ) I
: OO*
' COUHIY Off ESSEX )
BLAU CEE BORIS OH, Be lng duly awoxn deposes ana says
| that she is a resident of west orange, Hew Jersey; that she
is now ona has Been sinoe March 1926 employed as a olerk and
stenographer in the legal department of ihomBB A. Edison,
incorporated, at West orange. Hew jersey; that during the
entire period of her said employment in Bald legal department
one of her duties has Been to make oil entries In the Bystem j
of records maintained in said legal department relating to
and for keeping track of pending patent applications; that
said system of records includes^ file-wrapper record, a
Book reoord and a oard index record; that the entries in each;
of said records pertaining to any patent application include
data identifying such patent application By a folio number,
the name of the Inventor, the serial number, filing date and
title-; that when any ffatent office notion In any such pending
application is received in said legal department, or an amend¬
ment or other action is made therein By said legal depart¬
ment, she, on the same dey said aotlon is received in said
legal department or made By said legal department, or within
a very few days thereafter, makes an entry in her own hand- |
writing of suoh aotlon and the date thereof in eaoh of said
j reoords; that all suoh entries made in said reoords from
l»roh 1926 to the present time have Been made By her; that
| the oards of said oard index reoord are kept in the order
I in whioh the patent applications to whioh they respectively
I relate are due for amendment or other aotlon By on onhbehalf
of the applioait; that she makes all such entries under the
| direction of Henry Lanahan, who is general counsel of said
| Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated and in charge of said legal
department , or Mb assistant, William A. Hardy, and In accord¬
ance with in& tract Ions whloh she received from them or one of
them and from her predecessor in the position she now holds
with reference to entering and maintaining suoh entries In
proper farm end order} that Bald Thomas a. Edison, Incorporated
Ijln peoember 1926 aoqulred a pending application of ThomaB A.
i Edison, Jr., aerial Ho. 595,626, filed ootober 19, 1922 and
entitled IGH3HI0H TIMER; that on the same day or within a
very few days after said application serial Ho. 595,625 was j
so acquired she made entries relating to each application,
'including the said Identifying date thereof and all actions
and amdndments made therein, on all of the reoords of Bald
system of reoords; that on or within a few days after June 8,
Il927 she, under instructions received from said Henry lanahan
or said William A. Hardy, made in her own handwriting an entryj
In eaoh of the reoords of said system of records of a latent j
ioffioa aotion In application serial Ho. 596,525, dated June 2,j
1927; and attached such patent office aotion to the other j
papers constituting the file of suoh application; that on
December 3, 1927 said William A. Hardy oalled her attention
i|to the said entry of Bald Patent office aotion of June 2, 1927
made by her in eaoh of the reoords of Bald system of records
and told her that he had theretofore mistaken the date of
suoh aotion, as It appeared In said entries, for June 21,
1927, and upon examining suoh entries she realized that suoh
I mistake could readily have been made as the comma between
"June 2" and "1927" In eaoh of such entries Is straight and
unusually long and has the appe aranoe of the number "1";
i- that said William A. Hardy on Deoembar 3, 1927 also called
| her attention to the position of that oard In said oard Index
jjreooxd relating to Bald application serial Ho. 595,625 and
!; she thereupon noted that said card oooupled a position In
j Buch oard Index reoord corresponding to that whloh shou^ be
^occupied by a card relating to nn application in which the
time for responsive action would aspire on Deo oral) or 21, 1927
i;nnd that suoh oard was preceded by several onrds relating to
other applioations in which the Unit for responsive action
) expires in the month of December, 1927 and prior to the 21st
ijdoy of said month.
Sworn to and subscribed before me
this 9C& day of Deoamber, 1987.
I
Affidavit
: STATE OF HEW JERSEY )
I 8B.
| COUHTY OF ESSEX )
HEHRY LAHAHAH, 'being duly sworn deposes ana says
that he Is a resident of south Orange, Hew jersey, that for
a period of over seventeen (17) years he has been employed aB
Ian attorney In the legal Department of Thomas A. Edison, In¬
corporated located at West orange. Hew Jersey, and since
early In 1921 has held the position of General counsel of
said Thomas A. Edison, incorporated; that the work of prepar¬
ing and proseoutlng all patent applications for Inventions
owned by Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated Is oarrled on In said
Legal Department; that ever since he haB held the position of
General counsel of said Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated he haB
been either the attorney of reoord or aBsoolote attorney In
all such patent applications and that his assistant, william
A. Hardy, has, under deponent's direction, prepared and prose¬
cuted all suoh applications; that there Is maintained In said
j Legal Department a system of reoords relating to and for keep¬
ing traok of ponding patent applications which Bystem In¬
cludes a file-wrapper reoord, a book record and a card Index
'record, and this same system has been used In said legal De¬
partment during the entire seventeen year period of his said
: employment; that from March, 1986, up to the present time,
| Blanche Boetsoh has held the position of clerk and stenographer
I in said Legal Department and has during that period, under hie
S direction and/or under the direction of said william A* Hardy,
|| made all entries In the Bald system of reoords; that In
December, 1986, said ThomaB a. Edison, incorporated acquired
patent application of ThomaB A. Edison, Jr., serial Ho.
| 696,625, filed October 19, 1928 and entitled IGHITIOH TIMER,
i| under an assignment dated Deoember 10, 1926 and recorded In
-1-
(Transfers of Patents. U. 8. Patent Office, on December 16.
1 1926, in Liter U-188. page 317; that hy a power of attorney
| executed hy the attorney of record, satf William A. Hardy.
Ion January 7. 1927, deponent was appointed associate attorney
|ln BBld application Serial Ho. 595.626; that when or shortly
1 after Thomas A. Edison, incorporated acquired said appllcatlor
| serial Ho. 696.526, said Blanche Boetsoh was directed either
] -by him or said William A. Hardy to make In said system of
records proper entries of data Identifying such application
and of all the actions made or taken therein; that on June 3,
j 1927 a Patent Office Action, dated June 2, 1927, in said
application Serial Ho. 596,626 was received In said Legal De¬
ll partment and was after being examined hy him, turned over to
ji.aald Blanche Boetsch for attachment to the other papers con-
jj atitutlng the file of such application and for entry In said
!j records; that on Beceuher 3. 1927 said William A. Hardy ln-
| formed deponent that he. said William A. Hardy, through over-
jj alght, had failed to prepare and file any amendment In said
| application Serial Ho. 596,525 In response to said Office
j Action of June 2, 1927, and explained that auch oversight
I tos due to the fact that although he had previously, on sever-
j Bl occasions, examined entries In said records relating to
1 such application, he had on each such occasion made the mis¬
take of reading the date of said Office Action of June 2.
1927 in said entries as June 21. 1927, and also because that
oaid of the said index card record relating to such applica¬
tion had been misplaced In a-ld index card record and oc¬
cupied a position therein corresponding to that which should
he occupied hy a card relating to an application in which
the time for reeponslve action would empire on December 21.
1927, and was preceded by several cards relating to other
applications in which the limit for responsive action ex-
piras In December 1927 and prior to December 21at; that ae-
jponont thereupon examined said reoaras ana found the card re¬
flating to said application Serial Ho. 695,626 was misplaced
j 8S aesorlbed to him by eaia William A. Hardy ana that In the
| entries of said office Aotlon of Juno 2, 1927 on sold records,
| the date of suoh office Aotlon oouia readily bo mistaken for
j| jtmo 21, 1927 os the comma after the number "2" in each of
ij 3U0h entries Is straight and unusually long ana has the ap-
■ pearanoe of the number "1"; and that to deponent’s knowledge
j: this Is the only case In approximately six hundred applica¬
tions prosecuted In said Legal Department during the seven¬
teen-year period of his connection with such Legal Department,
I of failure because of Inadvertence or oversight, to prepare
and file In the Patent office within the time when due, an
jj action In response to a Patent Office Aotlon.
Deponent further says that at the same time said
; Ihomas A. Edison, incorporated acquired aald application
f garlal Ho. 696,626, It also acquired Canadian patent Ho.
j 287,699 of Thomas A. Edison, Jr. entitled IGHITIOH TIMERS,
j and dated January 9, 1923, under on assignment dated December
| i3, 1926 and reoorded in the patent and copyright office at
j Ottawa, Canada, on January 16, 1927; that said Canadian
i patent Is for the same Invention as that described In said
| application Serial Ho. 596,626; and that for a period of
more than three years prior to the time when Thomas A. Edison
incorporated acquired said application Serial Ho. 595,525,
a large number of Ignition timers embodying the Invention
described In such application were manufactured and sold.
Deponent further say* that said Thomas A. Edison,
incorporated, shortly after it acquired said application
aerial Ho. 695,525, entered into negotiations for the sale
of rights under the invention described In suoh application;
that said negotiations finally resulted In the execution,
-3-
L October 15. 1927. of a formal agreement providing for a
llloenae. on a royalty basis, under any patent whloh may be
obtained on said application Serial No. 595.525; and that he
I believes that said Thomas A.. Edison, incorporated, particular¬
ly ln view of said agreement of October 15. 1927. would be
| materially damaged In case said application Serial No. 596, 526^
I should be held abandoned. }
| sworn to and
| this
subscribed before me
day of December, 1927.
|
}
I
I
•j{< / —
paper no .11
rV
UHIMO STACKS PACKET OEFIOB.
in re application of
Thomas A. Kdloon, Jr,;
Ootober 19. 1922;
Ignition Timers.
Sor. Mo .595 ,525.
Washington, y.O.
January 20, 1928
Before tho oommieBionor of patento
on petition.
Bxominor's anewor
_ _ _
MiViUE©
JAN 2 ■ IS-'
Applicant through inadvertence failed to respond within the
Bl« months period. His petition is accompanied b;; a fully
' responsive amendment canoeling all rejected claims which if
admitted would place the application in oondition for allowance.
Respect fnlly.
examiner, Jiv. 37.
Department of Commerce
UNITED ST
WASHINGTON
l
1 ECU
. Ut pitmen
Maroh ai,~1938.__J^
In the matter of ttie •.
Application of '
Thomas A. Edison, J t., )
Ignition Timers; ;
Filfd Ootober 19, 1933, )
Serial No. 695,535. i
Petition to Revive.
Sir:
The decision of the First Assistant Com-
mi eel on or on the above petition Is as follows:
nelay in proseoution held
irR- 8-’
Petition granted.
Tfm A. Klnnan
First Assistant Commissioner.
By direction of the Commissioner:
Very respectfully ,
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.,
e/o Henry Lanehan,
Edison Office Bldg.,
n vance. N. J.
a DiT.37/01
Department of Commerce
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Serial No. 596.525
LEGAL
April
I ho mao A. Edison, Jr., Abbot i
. Edison, JT., auciur.
Your APPLICATION for a patent for t
_ _ _ _ J
IMPROVEMENT in
a IOHITIOH TIHERS _ , . 8
* bms srs.,«r,r&'%=s
| of $20 and $1 additional for each olaxm in 1 date
3 The office delivers patents upon the day of their ua^e,
I i. ,.« ««. is^oTSiB,
| s jSSTTL. .«
b [Kfe.*:'
§ s-rSoriHHf
3 sa^rsHssJI^! ffsaaa ~
CLAIM IN EXCESS OF TWENTY CAN BE ACCEPTED AS THE
FINAL FEE.
Respeotfully,
Henry Jpanahan,
Edison offloe Bldg.,
S*. H. J-
£y(JhLldb**/
Commissioner of Patents.
UNCERTIFIED CHECKS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED.
September 7, 1928
Bon* Commissioner of Patents
Washington
J>. 0.
Bear sir:
Ene£Losed please find oheok which o overs
the final fee of §20.00 on allowed application of
Thomas A* Edison, Jr,, entitled IGHITIOB TIMES,
filed Ootober 19, 1928, serial Ho. 595,586, allowed
April 2, 1928, *
This patent has been assigned to Thomas
A. Edison, incorporated, In the name of whloh company
the patent should issue.
Reapeotfully
April 3, 1928
Polio 1252
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
IGHITIOII TD.IER
piled October 19, 1922
Serial Ho. 595,525
Allowed April 2, 1928
Pinal fee due October 2,
1928
Any foreign applications? -Hr
Any divisional applications: — /H*~'
This application was made in the name of
Thomas A. Edison, Jr. It was assigned on December 13,
1926 to Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated.
When do you wish the final fee to be paid? /f2.P
B. Boetsoh
Eoomater Patents
Date
Patentee
u. 3. Potent Ho. 1,452,829
( File a Mar. 4, 1919)
Apr. 24, 1923
T. A. Edison, Jr.
Canadian Pat. Ho. 210,206
Apr. 12, 1921
T. A. Edison, Jr.
British Pat. Ho. 148,850
July 10,1920
( convention
date 3/4/19 )
T. A. Edison, Jr.
Australian Pat. Ho. 17,863
— . 1921
(Convention
date 3/4/19)
T. A. Edison, Jr.
Spanish (5 year)
Pot. Ho. 75,623
Deo. 1, 1920
Eoometer Mfg.Co. ,
Period Timer
patents and Applications
U. 3. Application—
3.H. 595,525 - filed Oct. 19,
(Pending— Ho olalms yet allowed)
Date
Canadian Pot. Ho. 227,699 73n T 9. 1923
1922 - T.A.Edison,
T. A. Edison, Jr.
ECOliETER - Trademark
0. S. Registration #128,050
Date
Deo.- 23 , 1919
proprietor
T. XTTSdlson, Jr.
TTMKR - Trademark
U. 3. Registration Of T.M. "PERIOD" - #171,037 - Date-July 31,1923
Eoometer Mfg.Co.,lno.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1204 Method of Producing Chlorinated Rubber
U.S. Patent#: 1495580
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 5/2/1923
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1205 Storage Battery
U.S. Patent#: 1651196
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 5/11/1923
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 209 Mounting for Diamonds and the Like
U.S. Patent#: 1600722
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 6/28/1923
December 15, 1922
Mr. Thomas A. Edison, -
. I" reply to your inquiry, no application
has been filed on the present method of securing
the diamond stylus in the holder by "wholly plating
In connection with this matter, I might
state that S. G. Warner is now engaged in the
business of making diamond tools for dressing
grinding wheels and for other purposes and that
some time ago when I was talking with him he re¬
ferred to a new method he had developed while at
the Laboratory for mounting our diamonds. He
explained this method to me quite fully and as I
remember it from his description it was, in the
main, practically the same as the method we are now
using, as explained to me yesterday by Mr. Johnson.
Prom statements Warner made to me with reference
to the matter, I gained the impression that he
considered himself to be the inventor of this
method. As a matter of fact, while there is prob¬
ably something patentable in the method, the general
principles on which the same are based seem to be
clearly disclosed in a very early os tent, namely
Bo. 299,055, granted May 20, 1884 to Collins.
In case you desire an application
prepared on the method in question, please advise
in whose name you consider the same should be
filed.
lli^4r^L<Hardy
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will plate under tension.
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under Langhern and Classes, also Smith,
and could not Tind a reference to ten-
sion; that mention was made to' pealing
which was due to an unclean surface,
hut no mention was made about tension.
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; . .
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1212 Roofing and the Like and Method of Producing the Same
Serial #: 680332
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 12/7/1923
Folio No. /A/l..
Serial No...<£ .3.
'CZrn^
Applicant.
, _2. _
Address.
. V" . . **
. ,. . c- . > .
- ^
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Title /*%> Y
Filed Xfj& . /.?,.../£* 1 Examiner’s Room No. >
Assignee . CL.,..£dt*3^c..f..Q&^~>. . ‘ . '"' .
Ass’g’t Exec. Jftitc. /f>d.Recorded ^.u4^r.. .?, /. jtUr.6JLiber_ s?* (^Q— Page . h 2— •
Patent No - Issued
ACTIONS.
2 iLw*/ 17
3 . . 18
4 <£W . /<r7 /?U- 19
5 . MtG& fJ'. 3, ./. <?*-'! 20
6 . 21
7 rr 22
9
10 _
11 . .
12 _
13 .
14 .
15 .
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Petition
®o tlje (Commissioner nf Patents :
IJmtr Petitioner , 'iHOilAS A. J5UISOH,
a ritizen of tlje Puitcii States, resihlug mill honing a limit ©ffirr ahhress at
Llowollyn Park, ’.‘cat Ortnco, Stisex County, Bow Jersey,
praps tf)at letters patent mag he grautcii to Ijtin for tl|e imprnnrmeuts in
ROOI’IHO Aim l'HiS LUCS a® METHOD OP PKODUCIHG 'JHE am.
net forth in the annexeh specification; nub !j* hereby appoints
(ffiegistration No. Mt&kf- s^ltesasnipjodfc^
whose aMrrns in Ehinon ©ffire ffinilhing, ©range. New Serseg, tys attorney*
with full power of substitution anil reparation, to pronerute tips appiiration, to wake
alterations auk amenbmeuts therrin, to rereioe tlje patent anil to transact all business
in the Patent ©flier rmtnrrtrh therewith-
_ JQiDS_._A._Misoa _ _ -
( 25$ Revenue
Stamp)
SPECIFICATION
I TO AIL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
I BB M KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a oitlzen of j
ji the United States and a resident of Llewellyn Park, in the |
' Town of West Orange, County of Essex and State of New Jersey, j
jhave invented oertain new and useful improvements in ROOFING
ilAND THE LIKE AND METHOD OF PRODDING THE SAME, of which the
f; following is a description.
m invention relates to roofing and the like such
jas shingles, clapboards and similar articles or material for j
j! covering or weather-hoarding the roofs and walls of buildings, j
'and also to the method of produoing the same.
The principal object of my invention 1b to provide 1
j a new and improved roofing, roofing material or the like which!
while having the appearance, longevity and other attributes j
Lf ordinary copper roofing, is also much cheaper to produce
|i than the latter. .j
jj Ordinary copper roofing, generally in the form of |
l shingles, is made of solid copper having a thickness of about j
ji 1/32 of an inch and is therefore costly. Where the roofing j
j: is in the form of shingles, these are made all of one width
' and of peculiar shape so that when laid the shingles will in¬
terlock to form weather-tight Joints. These shingles are pro-
| duo0d by stamping operations necessitating the use of expen-
; aive dies. Moreover, due to the fact that such shingles are
j of uniform width and shape, they do not have the same flex-
! ihillty in laying as ordinary wooden shingles, nor, when laid,
; a very close resemblance to a roof covered with wooden
! shingles.
! Uy improved roofing consists essentially of a com- i
; posits material comprising a comparatively cheap and prefer- ,
! abiy flexible baae, auoh as any of the ordinary forma of
| roof ine paper, having suitably applied or affixed thereto a /-f-
^A'llr'of very thin, sheet metal, preferably copper. j
! This surface layer of copper is formed separately from the j
base, in the form of extremely thln^sheets , preferably by j
j electro-deposition and by a method similar to that disclosed j
; in Patent Ho. 1,417,464, granted to me May 23, 1922, and en- j
! titled production of Thin Uetal Sheets or Soils. Sheet oop- j
| per may be commercially produced by such a method in any j
thickness from .0005 of an inch up, and while t may ooonom- j
j; ioaiiy use for the surface layer of my Improved roofing sheet j
copper so produced having a thickness of anywhere from .0005
1 of an inoh up to .003 of an inoh, that whioh I preferably
j employ for this purpose is approximately .001 of an inch in
i j thloknosB. The surface layer of thin .sheet copper is prefer-
' i ably affixed to the surface of the paper or other base of my
; :■ improved roofing material by means of a ^table adhesive ,
I j preferably a soft oily coal tar Pitch. To affix the layer of
| 'thin sheet copper to the roofing paper or other baBe in pro-
| duoing my improved composite roofing material, I first prof-
! erably apply to one surface of the sheet copper as by brush-
I j lDg the same..th.ereon, a light coating of pitch which has been
! | reduced to the proper oonsistenoy by heat or by mixing the
! same with a suitable solvent, then superimpose the sheet oop-
per on the roofing paper or other base with the ooating of
j pitch engaging the surface of the base and subject the same
to pressure. This pressure is preferably a rolling pressure
applied by rolls which are preferably formed of resilient
material, such as soft rubber, so that all portions of the
[sheet copper will he forced towards so as to conform to the U
; adjacent surface portions of the roofing paper or other base.|
j This is important where the base employed is a roofing paper jj
I having an irregular surface suoh as in the oaBe of roofing j;
! paper provided with surface layers of crushed slate or the 1 j
like. In this connection, I might state that where roofing j
paper of this oharaoter is employed for the base material, '
lithe metallic surfaoe of my improved composite roofing, pro-
\ duoed as described, is rough or uneven and has a mottled :
| appearance which appeals to the taste of many people. Roof- !
; | ing material provided with suoh a surfaoe will also throw off J
I i or reflect heat more effectively than roofing material having j|
! a smooth metallic surface. ;
The roofing material produced as described above,
j especially where a fibrous base, such as roofing paper, is
• employed, is light and 'flexible and may be out in the form of j
| shingles of various widths suoh as in the case of the ordin- j
| ary wooden shingles, or in the form of clapboards, or in long ;
i sheets and used in the same manner as ordinary roofing paper. j
j At the same time this material, by reason of its surfaoe lay^;
: er of thin copper, is appreciably stiffen or more rigid than, j
| ordinary roofing papers, and consequently shlngleB or olap- L
boards formed thereof when applied to a building will not J ;
/ curl up or warp nearly to the same extent or so readily as j ;
j shingles or clapboards out from or formed of such roofing j j
I papers. j
I in the drawing aooompanying and forming part of
| this specification, the single figure is a fragmental sec- ,
I tional view illustrating a form of composite roofing material j
i or the like, in accordance with the present invention. |
z
Referring to the drawing, the composite roofing j
material, as shown, comprises a base 1 of ordinary roofing
jjaper , formed, for example, of compressed fibrous material la- j
/Iregnated with pitch,, tg^aggfaglt or other suitable binding j
agent'”^T^rf^ layer 2 of thin sheet copper or other [
metal, preferably approximately -001 of an inch in thickness, // j ..
and preferably formed separately from the base 1 by electro- j
deposition as described above, which surface layer is affixed jj
I -jo the base 1 by a thin layer 5 of a suitable adhesive in the ' ;
I manner above set forth. |
I Although my improved roofing material is but little j
ijioro expensive to produce than many of the ordinary forms of • .
loofing paper, it will far outlast the latter as the thin j
ietallio surface layer thereof effectually protects the roof- |
Lg paper or other base to which the same is applied against j
icidatlon, disintegration and other damaging effects of the
Lather. Where this metallic surface layer is of copper, my j
roofing material when applied to a building will last almost j
Indefinitely for the oxidation of the copper upon exposure
thereof to the weather does not result in the decomposition or
Latins away of the same but, on the contrary, results in the j
formation thereon of a permanent and protective thin layer or j
film of copper oxide. This thin layer or film has, of course, j
the same pleasing greenish color as ordinary copper roofing ;
Lfter the latter has been exposed to the weather for a con¬
siderable time, and that is so much sought .after and simulated
L manufacturers of roofing paper and other cheap roofing
'materials. This greenish color may, if desired, be imparted j
L my improved roofing during the process of manufacturing th«jj
Lame by chemically treating the copper surface coating there-J
14
of bo as to affect Its oxidation.
Attempts have heretofore been made to produce com¬
posite roofing material of a character somewhat aimllar to ;
| that described herein as by providing shingles or the like j
formed of wood or other non-conduotive cheap base materials,
with surfaoe coatings of graphite or other suitable conductive j
material, and then electro-plating oopper direotly thereon by J
exposing the same as cathodes in copper plating cells. She j
; results thus obtained, however, have been generally unsatis- j
| faotory for the copper ooatings produced were bo pervious j
that they did not effectively protect the base materials from j
oxidation and other damaging effects of the weather.
Having now described my invention, what X claim as .
new and desire to protect by letters Patent, is bb follows:
> ... — , 'j - ' • - Sc~ k
A composite material for covering the roof or ^
j walls of a buildin(pjp2Q3^ applied thereto j
[ a surfaoe layer^c'oncistlng of thiiT^heet^netai^formed sep- !
| arately frumthe base, substantially as described.
L — a composite material for covering the roof or
I walls of a~bullding~tK>mE£isingo baBe having applied thereto
’ a surface layer conslstingirf'tSttr^ha^ *7
i electro -deposition separately from the baseT^utr&taatirily
3 described. ^a_,o/>r/^
A composite material for covering the roof, or
rising' a base having applied thereto
a surfao7e layer^oons isting~of^^^p^et^pper_formea^b^ , '
eleo^b^depoBition i'^arately fron 'thebas^sHh^mti^ly ^
as described.
4 r. — a-'
walls of a build
:v^^p-OTWg.ifii^thareto a surface layer consisting of thin
Lheet oo^er form37*aaparately ^ro»-the=-hase...:=0^^anWally
'as described.
A composite material for covering the roof or
Lai la of a hull^Ittg^wfflffijlrlBl^ a haBO of roofing paper
[having applledxthereto a^^rxayat^sistlng of thin
[sheet metal'ft.rnfid separately from the base. substantially^
[as described.
A oompoalte material / or covering the roof or
irlslng a^haa^having applied thereto,.
L surface layer oonalati^^^^®! separately
I from the haae and approximately . 001 ^Tinei^i^otoe as . ^ j
'substantially as described. j
A composite material. for. covering the roof or j
Lalls of a buUdlnB^mErlslng a^asf ‘h^viLg applied thereto |
L surface layer o ons is tinT^heeJLme^^ " ’ |
Lorn the base and having a thicknessTT^aubstantleaiy |
Less thpn .0006 of an inch nor substantially more thatr~vQ^ ^ j ^
[of an lnoh, substantially as described. j
A composite material'"for covering the roof or j
tails of a buTldlBg~tnj^rl^ng[[a^baBe, a surface layer of ‘ j
thin sheet metal and'means seourlng^sS Id— la^er of Bheet metal
L said baBe, ^substantially as described.
9. A composite material for covering the roof or
Lis sur£ace layer °f
thin sheet' me tal.ahd 'an adh^T^r^^
jetal to sal'd'base , substantially as described. '
0. A composite.. material for .covering the roof or
[nails of a'^Td^omp^J^_a W of fibrous material, a
[surface layer^of thin sheetToJ^ad-^a^^of^a soft
[itch seku^ng said layer of sheet copper to said base-aub-^j
XL. She method of producing a composite material
I for whioh 00nBiBtS
I in forming thin sheet metal and ^e'Surlng^he^ame^o the sur¬
face of ^comparatively cheap base material, substantially^
. i.as deBorihed. . , ;
| jjJ, The method of producing a composite material j
I
I, m forming^ 'weiul' Wy^ootro-it^P
jl lng the same to the surface of a ^
material , substantially as described. ‘
-^^ig^he method of producing a composite material
a building Which conslstB
I' for covering the roor7rrr¥»aUs-of a bui.u
1 in forming thin sheet metal and securing'
in loraii-ue, - - • -
j of a comparatively cheap baa. material by ». aiheelve,
aubstantlally as described.
14. The method of producing a composite material
in forming thin sheet metal and^u?Tag~bha«a
face of roofing paper, substantially as described.
16. She method of producing a oomposlte material j
i foy'^Stte-«iro"i er .alia of a ballllae -blob coa.let. j
! u fovmtas thuS^T^a^lyias, *» *” »” |
faoe of the .beet metal aaT^^atJi^^ *°
a baee by esplyins the erne thireto abler pr seu£e_wlththe
i adbealve ia-insajem.at »itb the earfaoe of tb. baee , ea aa^J
| t tally as described.
,r \a is. The method' of producing a composite material
~7~ ~ rr~~~r~pC- _ .na of' a building whloh consists
I for oovering the ro.onT wni.j^e.. _
! m forming very thin sheet me t
earfaoe cf th/ieet m.tel anl thea eeearlae tb. .beet -t^
to~a~SSSe--by_j3igplying the same thereto with the adhesive in |
engagement 'with a aur face ~of -the,, b ase and then subjecting
ithe base with the sheet metal applied thereto to. a, polling
pressure, substantially as described. '
- fo. it' , . ,./u/>
'IV. The method of producing a composite material
for ooye^in^, the , roof or^wallp of a building which, oonpists .... ^ .
; m 'forming^y<wf^n^'>^»«^V 'applying the sheet metal to 4*%
! the surface of a base with a layer of adhesive therebetween,
-and then subjecting the base and superimposed sheet metal j
!i layer to a resilient or yielding.. pressure, substantially as
[described.
SUjia sperifiratiuu signeb tljta
bag of December 1383
7 th
Thos. A. Edison
State nf Nrtu Jersey | ^
(Smutty of Essex )
THOMAS A. BDISOK, , tlje abotte nameb
petitioner, being buly autnrn, bepnaes attb saya tljat lie ia a ritizeit nf tlje Initeb
&tatra, anb a resibent nf the Town of west Orange, In the County of
Essex and State of Hew Jersey,
tljat lje uerily belienea Ijintaelf tn bp tlje original, first anil snip inuentnr nf tlje
imprnurmeut in
ROOPMG ADD THE LIKE AH I) METHOD OP PRODUCIHG THE SAME,
besrribrb anb rlaitnpb in the anttexeb aperifiration; tljat Ije bnra not knnm attb
bnpa nnt beliene tljat tijp aatnp uiaa pner fenotmt nr narb hrfnrr Ijia innentinn nr
biarnnerg thereof; nr patpntrb nr bearribeb in ang printrb publiratinn in tijp
Initeb States nf Amrrira nr ang foreign rnuntrg before Ijia innentinn or
biaronerg tljereof. nr more tljan turn gears prior tn tljta appliratinn; nr patrntrb
in ang rnuntrg foreign tn tlje Initeb States on an appliratinn fileb by Ijim nr
Ijia legal repreaentatinea nr assigns more tljan tmelne ntnntljs prior to tljta
appliratinn; nr in publir uae nr on sale in tlje Initeb Staten for more tljan Hun
yeara prior tn tljia appliratinn; attb tljat tut appliratinn for patent upon aaib
innentinn Ijaa been fileb bg Ijim nr bis legal repreaentatinea nr assigns in ang
foreign rnuntrg.
_ Th.o.Bj _ A» Ediaais -
g-tnnrn tn anb aubarribeb before me tfiia 7th bay of December, 13*8
A. Edmund Williamson _
[Seal]
Notary JJublir.
l .
reMonfc
Commlaeloner ofPWenle,
SSSMSi™ rob/m«y
- xi
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Henry Lanahnn
Edison Office Bldg.
Orange H.J*
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thomas A Edison, Bor. Ho. 680, 332, filed Deo. 13,1933; Roofing
and the Like and Method of Producing the Same.
•Slufrvuus (oy &duA>(*yv m/
Commfariofitr of Patent*
This case has boon examined.
The claims are rebooted on each of /
itooarthy 209,906 Hov'. 12,1878 164-51
Colby 163,749 Aug. 4,1874 154-51
who show a thin sheet of metal pressed into a roofing felt.
It is Immaterial how the metal is made as far as the structure
is oonoorned.
Attention is called to j
Krause et ul 540,992 Juno 11,1896 164-61 ,
Blank 409,096 Aug. 13,1889 " "
tcL-. 3 ^
W,W°‘ *' '
LEG a-L ,
JUL1;> I92‘i |
department J
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
;! Thomas A. Edison
| ROOFING AND THE LIKE AND
METHOD OF PRODUCING THE
SAME
I Filed Deoemhor 13, 1923
I serial Ho. 680,332
|| '
|| HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS-,
| SIR:
Room No. 308
j 14, 1924, please
Cancel'
Cancel
I
In response to the Office Action of July
amend the above entitled case as follows:
claim 1.
claim 2 and insert in place thereof the
j following claim:
I'-''' 1. a roofing material or the like comprising a
1 (non-metallic jbase of fibrous material having applied thereto
a surface layer consisting of^ sheet metal formed _by_ el eo.tr.o-
| deposition separately from the base and having a thickness
of not substantially less than .0005 of an inch nor substan¬
tially. more than ...003 of an inch, substantially as described.
~~~ Claim 3, line 2, before "base" insert - compara-
| tively cheap - . Line 3, cancel "thin". Line 4, after
! "base" insert - and having a thickness of not- substantially
less than .0005 of an inch nor substantially more than .003
I of an inch, - . Re-number this claim as claim 2.
Cancel claims4 and 5.
Claims 6 and 7, line 2, before "base" insert -
comparatively cheap - . Line Z, after "formed" insert - by
electro-deposition - . Re -number claims 6 and 7 as claims
3 and 4 respectively.
Cancel claims 8 to 11 inclusive.
Claim 12^ line z', cancel "thin sheet metal by
electro-deposition" and insert - by electro-deposition sheet
| metal having a thickness of not substantially less than .0005
of an lnoh nor substantially more than .003 of an inch - . He -
' number olaim 12 as olaim 5.
Cancel claims 13 to 16 inclusive.
Claim vf, line 3, oanool "very thin sheet metal"
!j and insert - by electro-deposition sheet metal having a
| thickness of not substantially less than .0005 of an inch nor
'I substantially more than .003 of an inch - . Re -number claim
!| 17 as claim 6.
I REMARK S
1 It ia believed that the six claims now presented
I ln this case ore clearly patentable bver^refcrenoos of record
■ and should be allowed. These claims describe a new article
i! or product and a new method of making the aarae . Ho ono has
i heretofore produced a composite roofing material or the like
| -by applying to a fibrous base or a base of comparatively
I cheap material, sheet metal. such as copper, formed by electro-
deposition separately from the base . Moreover, no one has
heretofore produced roofing material consisting of a compara¬
tively cheap base material having applied thereto a surface
layer of sheet metal of the thickness specified in the claims
' . . Applicant recognises the fact that neither the mere
substitution of one material for another, nor a change of
1 degree, generally involves invention. However, there are ex-
Iceptions to these rules and it is submitted that applicant's
invention - as defined in the claims now presented come within
such exceptions. It is only by electro-deposition that sheet
metal such as copper having the requisite density for a roof
covering and having the very small thickness specified in the
claims, may be practically and commercially produced. Appli¬
cant recognised the inherent qualities in sheet metal pro¬
duced by electro-deposition and having the thickness men¬
tioned which rendered the same especially suitable for appli-
2
cation to ordinary roofing paper or other cheap base material
to produce a roofing which while having practically all of
the advantages of ordinary wopper roofing, would also have
the various added advantages set forth in the specification,
such as flexibility, lightness and cheapness. Applicant's
invention is also adopted to bo embodied in a shingle or the
like in whioh the vary thin surface layer of motal formed
by elootro-deposition separately from the base, will exactly
conform to the surface portions of the roofing paper or other
base to which it is applied.
There is no disclosure in either Colby or Mao nr thy
of record of the thickness of the metal sheets applied to
the base of the roofing material and neither of these refer¬
ences describes the material as produced by electro-deposi¬
tion. Applicant is fully aware that roofing materials such
j as shingles have heretofore been produced by providing wood
shingles or other non-oonduotive cheap base materials with
surface ooatings of graphite or other conductive material
and then electro-plating metal directly thereon. Such com¬
posite roofing asterisks* however, are unsatisfactory for the
reasons indicated in the first paragraph of page 5 of the
specification. In addition to the distinguishing features
referred to above, claim 6 further differentiates from the
references by specifying that the sheet metal layer whiuh is
i applied to the base is subjected to a resilient or yielding
pressure. This step in the process of making applicant's
improved roofing material is important for the reasons set
forth in the last three lines of page 2 and the first thir¬
teen lines of page 3 of the specification.
Applicant believes that he has made an important
advanoe in the art and that roofing material in aooordanoe
I with his invention will prove very popular, will fill a long
felt want and will be extensively usod. In support of appli-
oant'a contention that the claims now presented should be
allowed, Examiner's attention is respeotfully directed to thej
oase of Bird vs. Elaborated Roofing Co. of Buffalo, Inc,
256 P. , 366, in which the court said:
"Where an inventor devises a new method of
preparing roofing material resulting In a
new product, he is entitled to patent pro-
teotion on both the method and the result of
the method."
The roofing material involved in the case just referred to
was only an ornamental variant of on old article of manufac¬
ture. Moreover, there was no change produced In the meohan-
ical efficiency of the roofing material and it was doubtless
more costly to manufacture than similar roofing material
theretofore produced.
| Attention is also directed to the following which
!j appear to have
i direct bearing on the question of patent¬
ability of applicant's claims:
"The use of a different material in con¬
structing an article previously patented in¬
volves invention where it produces a useful
result, increased efficiency, or a decided
saving in operation." George Prost Co. et
al vb. Samstag et al, 180 P, 739.
"A pipe-ooupling comprising a brass spud
and an iron tail-piece having beveled con-
taotlng ends coupled together by an iron nut
engaging a shoulder on the tail-pieoe and
having an internal sorew engaging an external
sorew-thread on the brass spud, is not an¬
ticipated by the coupling of a hydrant bot¬
tom having the same parts arranged in the
same way, wherein the nut and tail-piece are
of brass and the spud is of iron; in the pat¬
ent in suit the same advantageous results of
a brass to iron oontoot ore secured with the
use of only one brass part, thereby saving
a large part of the ooBt. " Western Tube Co.
v. Rainear, 156 P. 49.
"Change in the closeness of the weave and
interweave of multiply interwoven fabric,
and its adaptation to making soft collars,
held to involve invention." Van Heusen
Products v. Earl and Wilson, 300 P. 922.
In view of the foregoing, further consideration and
1 allowance are requested.
lEdison Office Bldg.,
fey8!’, Mb.
Respeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON, y
ByC
£/HiB Attorney
Div. 60 Boon 828 0
Addmt only DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
’"n"wJ!SSw!f“0,0I’"e““' VIII/V3 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON MAILED
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in NO V 1 3 1921
charge of this application gj r s~n / I _ i.
‘Jki^uur ft, UHfVtoW
nmiMimcT of Painu Applicant: I. A. Baiaon
Henry Danahan
Edison Office g.
Orange, H. J.
Ser. No. 680,838
Filed Deo. 18, 1923
Roofing ona tho Dike
Response to communication filed July 11, 1925.
She claims are again rejected on either patent
to Oolhy or Maoarthy, Doth of reoord, both dearly disolosing ^ ,j
it to bo old to apply to a non-metallio base a thin coating o*.^. .ȣ
oopper and cementing the two togother. It 1b immaterial in
the article olaim in what manner or by what process the thin y. *,,4* \’A
oopper sheet is obtained. (
The claims are also met by
Lovell 1,364,050 3opt. 28, 1920 91-68
which shows a very -thin sheet - of zinc appliedtoa felt base,
to replaoe the aino by copper would not be invention, in view
of Oolby, of reoord.
Examiner, Division 50
LEGAL
NOV 14 1925 !
department
J
\
XH THE UNITES STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
ROOFING AND THE LIKE AND
METHOD OF PRODUCING THE .
! SAME !
'! Room No. 322 !
Filed Deoemter 13, 1923
Serial No. 600,332
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS
SIR: j
In response to the Offioe Aotion of November 13,
1926, please amend the above entitled oaBe as follows: !
Page 2, line 6, before "surfaoe" insert - dense j
coherent - . Seme page, .line 7, before "sheets" insert - |
dense ooherent - .
Cancel claims 1 to 4 inoluslve. j
/ Insert the following claims:
1. A roofing material or the like comprising
a fibrous base having applied thereto a dense ooherent sur¬
face layer of sheet metal formed separately from the base and ,
having a thibKness of not substantially less than .0005 of an !
inch nor substantially more than .003 of an inch, and a layer
of adhesive consisting of a ooal tar pitch between said base
arfl metal surfaoe layer and seouring the same together, sub¬
stantially bb desoribed. j
2. A composite material of the oharaoter de-
| : scribed, comprising a base formed of an ordinary roofing
: pa$erthaving applied thereto a dense ooherent surfaoe layer
!j 0f oopper formed separately from the base and having a thidfc- j
^ || ness of not substantially less than .0006 of an inoh nor aub-
;j atantially more than .003 of an inch, and a layer of adhesive
jj consisting of an oily ooal tar pitch disposed between said
■jj base and oopper surfaoe layer and securing the same together,
1 | substantially as desoribed.
Renumber olaima 5 and 6, bb 3 and 4 respectively.
R E M A H Z 3
At an oral interview subsequent to the date of the !
laat office nation, the examiner indicated that he was favor¬
ably diapoaed to the allowance of the two method claims then
in the application, namely: present olaima 3 and 4, former
olaima 5 and 6} but wbb not inclined to allow the article
olaima, former claims 1 to 4, in the form then presented.
Two new article claims have now been substituted
for former olaima 1 to 4, which new claims are believed to j
more definitely set forth applicants invention and which in- j
olude features which clearly and patentably distinguish from
the references of record. It is a fact that applicant iB
the first to produce a roofing material or the like consist¬
ing of a fibrous baBe, such as ordinary roofing paper, having
applied thereto a separately formed surface layer of sheet
metal of the very small thickness specified in these claims.
It is submitted that applicant's roofing material as defined j
by these claims constitutes an important advance in respect |
of the quality of durability combined with lightness and cheap-*
ness. The claims under consideration also distinguish from j
the references by specifying that the metal surface layer is j
secured to the fibrous base or roofing paper by an intermedi¬
ate layer of adhesive consisting of a ooal tar pitch, in
this connection it may be mentioned that applicant conducted
many experiments before finding that thiB adhesive, of all
Ithose tested, was most suitable for seouring the metal sur¬
face layer to the base and at the same time for withstanding
[the effects of heat and other weather and atmospheric con¬
ditions to which a material of this character is subjected.
Clearly none of the references discloses the
methods recited in either of olaimB 3 and 4. Accordingly,
even if the article produced by this method were not new,
such claims should be allowed, and with this view the examine?,
at the oral Interview referred to, seemed to agree. However,
the method of these claims does result in a new and improved
artiale and accordingly it is contended that applicant is en- !.
titled to the allowance of the article olaims, as well as the
method olaims. In this connection it is submitted that the
case of Bird vs.- Elaborated Hoofing Co. of Buffalo, Inc., re- i
ferred to in the remarks accompanying the amendment of July j
11, 1925, is direotly applicable.
In the further examination of this oase, the ex¬
aminer is respeotfully requested to carefully reconsider the
remarks accompanying the amendment of July 11, 1925, and
especially the last two pages thereof.
In view of the above, further consideration and al- i
lowanoe are requested.
Respectfully submitted
THOMAS A. EDISOH *
By
His (^Attorney
Edison Offioe Bldg.
Orange, H. J.
October 15, 1926
1
whloh clearly disclose the use of thin metal sheets on a felt baBe.
Whether this metallic sheet is formed by electro deposition or by
other moans does not appear to be of any patentable signifioanoe
in the artiole or method of making the article.
in the method, the steps are the same regardless of the
manner in which the materials are made, 'and these steps are fully
shown by the references. In the artiole, tho thickness of the
metal sheet is purely a matter of degree and can not import
patentability to the claims. -
If applicant so desires he may oonsidor this re jeotion
as final for purposes of appeal.
Examiner.
n
IH THE DHITED STATES PATEHT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
B00FIH8 AHD THE 1IEE AHD
METHOD OF PRODUCIHS THE
Fll«& Deoenfcer 1 3, 1923
serial Ho. 680,332
Room Ho. 322
C
j H0H0RABI2 C0MUI3SI0HER OF PAIEHT3
SIR:
In reaponae to the offloe Aotlon of February 3,
;l 1927, please amend the above entitled case as follows:
j Cancel olatm 3.
Add the following olalma:
B. A roofing material or the like comprising a
fibrous base having applied thereto a dense ooherent Burfaoe
layer of oopper formed separately from the base and having a
I thlokneBB of approximately .001 of en Inch, and a layer of
j adhesive consisting of a pitch disposed between said base and
I copper surface layer and securing the same together, substan-
| tlally as described.
6. The method of producing * roofing material
\ or the like whloh consists In forming dense ooherent sheet
j oopper having a thloknesa of not substantially less than
.0006 of an Inch, nor substantially more than .003 of an Inoh,
| applying the sheet oopper to the surface of a base with a
\ layer of pltoh therebetween, then subjecting the base and
| superimposed sheet copper layer to a resilient or yielding
rolling pressure, substantially as described.
i~ REMARKS
Olsina 1 and 2 and new olalm 0 describe a new
produot, none of the references disclosing e roofing material
consisting of a fibrous base, auoh as ordinary roofing pa¬
ter; having neoured thereto, by an adhesive oonalatlng of
jpltoh, a separately formed surfaoe layer of sheet metai or
Bheet oopper of the degree of thickness specified In: the
oleioB under consideration, while it is true that a mere
change of degree does not ordinarily involve invention, in
some oases auoh a ohange does involve invention and it is
submitted that the present is auoh a case. By no prooess
known at the time any of the patents cited as references
;iwere granted, was it possible to produce sheet oopper or
|j other sheet metal of suoh extreme thinness as speolfled in
the olalms, It is the degree of thlokness of the oopper
or other sheet metal surface layer of applicant's material
which renders the latter oapsble of being sun'tfeaa fully and
satisfactorily used for roofing:. In this oonneotlon It Is
I a foot that sheet copper as thin as it is possible to pro-
iduoe by rolling or py any other method, exoept that desoribed
herein. Is still too thlok to be successfully used in pro-
duolng a satisfactory roofing material in whloh such sheet
; copper is seoured by an adhesive Buoh as pitoh or tar to
roofing paper or other fibrous base. . This Is due to the fact
that suoh sheet oopper is so stiff that It does not give as
the pitoh or other adhesive expands under heat to whloh the
roofing material is exposed and aooordingly suoh material
soon buokles or warpB, the copper surfaoe layer is bent and
aaparatad from the base and the shingles or other roofing
quickly becomes permanently and grossly deformed. This is
not the oase with applicant's Improved roofing, duo to the
faot that sheet oopper produoed as desoribed and having a
i thlokness of only .0008 to .008 of an lnoh la elaatle and
will stretoh and oontrsot as the pitoh or other adhesive ex¬
pends and oontraots with the result that the thin aatal
-S-
: surfaoB layer of applicant' a roofing la firmly maintained In j
oloae engagement with the baae and at all tlmea oonforma to ■
the Bnfraoe of the haae. Aooordlngly, BhlngleB or the like j
formed of applicant's lmproyed material do not bnokle, hut
remain flat and even. In this oonneotlon. It may he noted !
that shingles formed of applicant's material have been In use ;
as roofing for a period of nearly five years without buoying'
ana with no apparent deterioration. in view of the fore¬
going It Is submitted that applicant Is entitled to such
protection of hia Invention as Is afforded by article olalma j
ji 1, 8 and 5.
It la also submitted that the speoifio method
claims 4 and 6 should be allowed. Hone of the references
pertaining to a composite material In the nature of a roof¬
ing material dlaoloaes the step of forming by eleotrodeposl-
tion, or otherwise, sheet copper or other aheet metBl of
the degree of thloknesa specified In theae olaimB. Moreover,
none of the references discloses the step of subjecting the
base and superimposed sheet metal or oopper layer to a re-
slllent or yielding pressure as specified In olaim 4, or to a |
resilient or yielding rolling pressure aa specified In olaim j
\ 6. |
in view of the above further consideration and
allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted
Edison offloe Build
j! orange. Hew Jar Bey
jj January 30, 1988
5B; Room 3U
^e^/ind^b^low a communication from the EXAMINER in
Kcmy Lanahan,
Ellison Ofi'ioo Bldg.
Orcngo, W»J-
Nov omber 5 , . 19 28
Applioant: ■jtiomso A. Edison .
Ser. No. 600,338
Piled Doo. 13 , 1023
For Roofing and the Like anc
Method of Producing tho Same
%v ...
Responsive to omondraont file- Jun. 31, 1928.
Tho olaimu aro again rejected on tho rcforenoos of rocora.t
it being old to proauoe electro doposited shoots of copper
of any desired thickness and no invention is seen in ocsing
suoh shoots in building up a laminated structuro ouch as
is shown by Colby or llaoarthy.
The claims are unduly multiplied and are finally rojoot-
od.
Examiner.
October 12, 1926
As yet we have been unable to obtain the /
allowance of any claims in your application relating
to roofing material or shingles comprising a cheap
fibrous base, having applied thereto a thin coating of
electro-plated copper. Our file of this application
(Polio - 1212) is attached.
There are at present 6 claims in the case,
4 of the claims being article claims and the remaining
2, method claims. sometime ago I was in Washington and
conferred with the examiner in charge of the prosecution
of this application. He stated tjgt Jh^me^od olairns
might possibly be allowed, but in^ju f/i on lifu'u'un-
the article claims were not patentable over the
references cited andAould not be allowed.
These article claims read as follows:
1. A roofing material or the like comprising
a non-metallic base of fibrous material there"
to a surface layer consisting of sheet metal formed by
electro-deposition separately from the basa a“a *La^nf ah
thickness of not substantially less than *°0°5 a“
nor substantially more than .003 of on inch, substantially
os described.
2. A composite material for covering the roof
or* walls of a building comprising a comparatively cheap base
havin* applied thereto a surface layer consisting of sheet
coppe? formed by electro-deposition ^oooi
and having a thickness of not substantially less than .0005
of on inch, nor substantially more than .003 of an inch,
substantially as described.
Mr. Thomas A. Edison
Oot. 12, 1926
P-2
3, A composite material for covering the roof
or walls of a building comprising a comparatively cheap
base having applied thereto a surface layer consisting of
sheet metal formed by electro-deposition separately from
the base aid approximately .001 of an inch in thickness,
substantially as described.
4. a composite material for covering the roof
or walls of a building comprising a comparatively cheap base
having applied thereto a surface layer consisting of sheet
metal formed by eleotro-deposition separately from the base
end having a thickness of not substantially less than .0005
of an inch nor substantially more than .003 of an inch,
substantially as described.
It does seem that the article is of doubtful
patentability in view of the references cited by the patent
Office, especially Potent Ho. 153749, which describes a
roof covering consisting of a sheet of waterproof C* fibrous
material and a very thin sheet of coppe r cemented thereto,
and also in view of the fact that it is old to produce very
thin sheet copper by eleotro-depOBition, as shown by several
patents which have heretofore issued to you.
YIb probably cannot obtain the allowance of any
article claims in this application by ordinary methods of
proseoution. To obtain any 3uch claims would require elaborate
prosecution and would probably involve the necessity of bring¬
ing in an expert on roofing and taking him to Washington to
confer with the examiner - and even then the chances of suc¬
cess would be doubtful.
Wj#-’ Do y()u now (snarer the Invention to be of suf¬
ficient importance to go to the trouble and expense above in¬
dicated, in an attempt to obtain the allowance of article
claims? It is noted that you already have some protection
Mr. Thomas A. Edison
Oot. 12, 1926
P-3
| hy reason of a prior patent issued to you relating to
j the production of very thin metal sheets by electro-
deposition. Moreover, as above indicated, the method
claims now in this application may be allowed.
WAH.BB
Hr. Shoraas A. Edison:
She claims in your application, Serial Ho. 660,352,
filed December 13, 1923 ana entitled "Roofing ana the lik« and
method of producing the same", hove been finally rejeotedf
Shis application relates to roofing materials such
as shingles, made up of a suitable fibrous base, such as
ordinary roofing paper, to which is secured, by means of a
suitable adhesive, preferably a coal tar pitch, a protect¬
ing coating consisting of a layer of sheet copper having a
thickness of from .0005 of an inch to .003 of an inch.
She references particularly relied upon by the patent
Office in re 5 acting the olalms are Potent 153749 to Colby ana
209906 to Maoarthy, copies of which are attached.
Colby describes a roofing material consisting of a
suitable roofing paper having a very thin outer sheet of
copper cemented thereto; while Hacarthy describes a roofing
material consisting of a paper or felt base, having a thin
outer sheet of lead secured thereto by an adhesive consisting
of asphalt or pitch. While the sheet copper employed by
Colby and the sheet lead used by Hacarthy are undoubtedly
each much thicker than the sheet copper formed by electro¬
deposition employed in the roofing described in your applica¬
tion the patent Office takes the position that there is
no invention in substituting extremely thin copper sheets,
for example, copper sheets having a thickness on the order
of .0005 to .003 of an inch, produced by electro-deposition
as disclosed in your Patent 1417464, dated Hay 23, 1922, in
place of the sheet copper of Colby or the sheet lead of
Hacarthy.
in the last Offioe Action the examiner states his
ground of rejection as follows:
nrphe claims are again rejected on the references
of reoord , it being old to produce electro de¬
posited sheets of copper of any deBlred thiokness
and no invention is seen in using Buoh sheets in
building up a laminated structure such as is
shown by Colby or Hacarthy."
Sheet #2 - Cont'd
4/17/29
Mr. Thomas A. Edison:
Ho ololm has been allowed In the application, the
examiner having persisted in rejecting all claims presented.
The claims now contained in the application and which are
under final rejection, read as follows:
A roofing material or the like comprising a fibrous
base having applied thereto a dense coherent surfaoe layer of
sheet metal formed separately from the base and having a
thickness of not substantially less than .0005 of an inch nor
substantially more than .003 of an inch, and a leyer 8^“
hesive consisting of a coal tar pitch between said base and
metal surface layer and securing the same together, substan¬
tially as described.
A composite material of the character described,
comprising a base formed of an ordinary roofing paper having
applied thereto a dense coherent surface layer of copper
formed separately from the base and having a thickness of not
substantially less than .0005 of an inch nor substantially
more than .003 of an inoh, and a layer of adhesive consisting
of an oily coal tar pitch disposed between said base and copper
surface layer and seouring the same together, substantially as
described.
The method of producing a composite material for
covering the roof or walls of a building which
forming by electro-deposition sheet metal having a thickness
of not substantially less than .0005 of an inch nor substan¬
tially more than .003 of an inoh, applying the sheet metal to
the surface of a base with a layer of adhesive therebetween,
and then subjecting the base and superimposed sheet metal
layer to a resilient or yielding pressure, substantially as
described,
A roofing material or the like comprising a fibrous
base having applied thereto a dense coherent surface layer of
copper formed separately from the base and having a thickness
of approximately .001 of an inch, and a layer of adhesive con¬
sisting of a pitch disposed between said base and °°PP?r
surfaoe layer and securing the same together, substantially
as described.
The method of producing a roofing material or the
like which consists in forming dense coherent B^eet fln
having a thickness of not substantially less than .0005 of an
inoh, nor substantially more than .003 of 8“ ,ln°h-
the sheet copper to the surface of a base with a layer of pitoh
Sheet #3 - Cont'd
Ur. Thomas A. Edison:
4/17/29
therebetween, then subjecting the base ana superimposed sheet
copper layer to a resilient or yielding rolling pressure,
substantially as described.
(We must now either take an anneal on the-finally
rejected claims or abandon the apj3lloa.U.na. Please advise
whether or not you wish such an appeal taken.
I shall appreciate it if you will let me hear from
you at your earliest convenience, or if on appeal 1b to be
taken the same should be prepared and filed within the next
two weeks.
V7AH/HX.Z
Patent Series
Folio# 1217
U.S. Patent #:
Primary Applicant:
Patent Application Files
Production of Depolarizing Agent for Voltaic Battery
1599121
Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 2/20/1924
Ur. Thomas A. Edison:
Wo have already obtained a patent In your name covering a
negative eleotrode element for Primary Batteries in
which the depolarizing material co^Ajft io
Hydroxide and Magnesium Hydroxide^iaalsocontainBig
claims on this material.
There is now pending in the Patent Office a divisional
application on the original applioation,directed to the
process of producing the depolarizing material. The
Patent Office has indicated that the claims on the prooes
of producing the stable mixture of Cuprio Hydroxide and
Magnesium Hydroxide are allowable. Certain objections
however, were made by the Patent Offioe to the disclosure
of the process in the specification. The specification
as filed contained the following statement:
"Copper Sulphate and Magnesium Sulphate are
first mixed in solution in proper propor-
tionsand the solution then subjected to
the action of a oaustio alkali, preferably
caustic soda."
Further on in the specification the following statement
appears:
"The proportions of Cupric-Hydroxide and \ J
Magnesium Hydroxide in the combination \ &_|J/
described, which I find most favorable to \
stabilize the Cuprio Hydroxide, are \
approximately 10 parts by weight of dry l
Cuprio Hydroxide to approximately 4 parts l \
by weight of dry Magnesium Hydroxide, and I \T
in producing this combination as above I
described, the sulphate of copper and |
Magnesium are preferably mixed in solution l j
in suoh proportions that the precipitate
produoed upon treating the solution with
the oaustio soda will contain suoh Hydroxide
in these proportions,"
The Fatent Offioe requests that the specification dearly
state the proportions of Copper Sulphate and Magnesium
Sulphate employed in produo ing the Cupric Hydroxide and
Magnesium Hydroxide. It seems to me that any chemist
oould readily figure these proportions In view of the
seoond statenent quoted above. However, it may be advis-
able^to statfti these proportions in the specification
Ihe Patent Office also requires that the conditions
under which the caustic soda is added to the combined
solution of Copper Sulphate and Magnesium Sulphate
should be clearly and fully stated lnoludlng tempera¬
ture, concentration, etc. Will you kindly furnish me
with this information, in order that 1 may amend the
specification to meet the examiner's objections In
this respect.
Edwin Smith, who worked on this
tion, is no longer with us.
invention under your direc-
Willl
lo faaJzJLj
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 1218
U.S. Patent#:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Storage Battery
1526326
Edison, Thomas A
2/25/1924
S/for/, a ,
</»
• r0 VV
*/&
4[ Vs*
*r C/1 Q
Thomas A. Edisi
i>w
pplication Seria.
Serial Bo. 690,683,
filed March 12, 1924 (Folio 1218) >
id, has been allowed. This application re-
i cell of the Ford Starter Battery type in
t the nickel separating strips are grooved.
Please advise whether you wish any
applications filed on the invention of this
C&tUM* ise rue
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1231 Receiving Apparatus for Radio and Telephone Circuits
U.S. Patent #:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
1702935
Edison, Thomas A
2/2/1925
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1233 Mounting for Diaphragms of Sound Boxes
U.S. Patent #: 1744533
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 4/28/1925
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 239 Production of Molded Articles
U.S. Patent#: 1744534
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/25/1926
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.omas A. Edison:
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Replying to your Inquiry,
tag to advise that no patent application has v
ever been filed relating to a mixture contain^LXh. J22£*'?
ing the material known by the trade i
for phonograph record blanks. The only patentsIkjsL j
you have ever taken out for compositions in'^
which "B.S." is used are three which were grant^
„ pfl-in jTwnuary, 1909 and whioh relate to water¬
proofing' paints c
substance "B.3."
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio #1241 Phonograph Reproducer
U.S. Patent#: 1711265
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed:
2/1/1926
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 248 Method of Producing Sound-Record Tablets
U.S. Patent#: 1690159
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 10/1/1926
Ur. Edison:
August 3, 1926
. three days ^go you instructed me to prepare
a patent application relating to multiple varnished blanks.
The only information you gave 'me was, as follows:
in making our regular varnished blank,
two coats of varnish are applied with a waiting
period between the application of the two coats
sufficient to permit the first coat to dry so that
upon the application of the second coat the varnish
will not run into and smear the varnish of the first
coat. After the application of the second coat the
blank is baked so as to bring the oondensite varnish
coating to the initial or rubbery stage.
I ■' With reference to the multiple varnished
blanks, you stated that such a blank preferably has
applied thereto four coats of varnish, which necessi¬
tates a waiting period between the applications of the
second and third coats about three times as long as
the waiting period between the applications of the
first and second coats, and a waiting period between
the applications of the third and fourth coats about
five times as long as that between the. applications of
the first and second coats. ' 1
Will you please either give me some more information on.
which to baBS the application for the multiple varnished blank or
tell me from whom I may obtain this information?
Willj
WAH.BB
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 268 Extraction of Rubber from Plants
U.S. Patent#: 1740079
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 11/25/1927
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 1 333 Phonographs
Serial#: 419780
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas Alva, Jr
Date Executed: 1/9/1930
Applicant.
Address.
Examiner’s Room No...
Assignee.
Ass’g’t Exec.^<^-fv^-id_Recorded.
1 16-
2 17-
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thv-J. '/V-j
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Vas^.y
HENRY LAN AH AN
Edison Office Building
ORANGE, NEW JERSEY. _
Petition
')
®o tljc (Hommisaioner nf Patents:
Hour Petitioner UlOli'-S A. ED IS OK, JR.
a citizen o£ tfjc Pnitcb States, rraibimj mtb Ijauimj a Pout ©ffirr abbrraa at
#B7 Berwyn street. In the City of Orange, County of Essex and Stato of
Hew Jersey,
pratja ttmt letters patent map lit yranteb to him for tjje imprmtrmenta in
phohograhis
aet forth in tlje nnnexeb specification; mtb he hereby appnintn WMJOdyjmm
tnlinae abbrean ia Ebiaon (Office ffinilblng, ©range, Nets 3traeg, Ijin attornegat
mitt; full pouter of aubotitutiou aub renoration, to prosecute tl|ia application, to make
alterations anb amenbnienta therein. to receiue tljr patent nnb to transact a
in tife Patent (Office connrctrb therewith-
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
SPECIFICATION
CO ALL WHOM IT MAY COHCEHNt
BE 15 KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A EDISON. JR.. a citizen of the
nnited States, and a rosldont Of Orange, Essex County, New Jersey,
have invented certain new and useful improvements in PnCNOGRAPHS,
of whloh the following is a description.
This Invention relates to phonographs, and moro particularly
to a phonograph for use in oonjunotlon with a coin-controlled
merohnndlse dispensing or vending machine so arranged that the
nndhine, when delivering merchandise, may voioe a desired advertising
phrase, slogm or greeting, upon whloh it nay be desired to build
good will for the articles delivered by the nachino. At each
Operation of the dispensing unit the phonograph is driven for a
predetermined period to reproduoe the desired sounds, suoh, for
exannle, as "Thank you. Call again", or "Thank you. They satisfy”, ■
or any other doslred sounds.
In general, the Invention involves arrange rents by v.h loh
the phonograph is preferably oporatod simultaneously v/ith the
dispeneing unit, or independently, if desired, from some suitable
power source v.ti loh may and preferably will be the same as that used
for the dispensing unit. The reproducer, in the preferred
embodiment, is constantly in engagement with the record upon whloh
the sounds are inscribed, and the sound inscription is preferably in
the form of a circular closed groove instead of the customary spiral.
Keans are provided for driving the sound rcoord for a predetermined
period upon each operation of the dispensing unit or other related
event, '•‘■‘ho driving means operates for a predetermined definite
period, at the ond of whioh the record Is stopped, by mechanism
provided for the purposo, in a predetermined position, which is
always the same. When the meohanism is next set in operation, a
predetermined distanoe of travel will ho allowod the record before
the sound inscription engages the stylus again, which distanoe is
made groat enough so that reproduction of the sound will not begin
until the roeerd has reached the desired speed. In the preferred
construction the record driving means is energized simultaneously
with the release of the stopping means, which fixes the position of
the reoord driving intervals when the machine is not operating.
The apparatus is preferably further designed for operation
hy an eleotrio motor which may bo driven either from an alternating
current or a direct current source, means being provided to compensate
for the speed characteristics of the motor on the particular souroe
used, hut it will be understood that a spring motor may ho utilized,
if desired, which may he would manually or hy suitable power-aotuated
mechanism*
plurality
Che record utilized nay and preferably will have a
of independent, dosed oonoentrlo oircular grooves, or trades, in
v;hioh different impressions have been made. For example, one groove
may contain the expression "Thank you", another the expression
"Call again" , and still another "”e aim to please", etc. The mound
reproducer preferably remains in the same groove or traok until some
other arrangement is deeired by the operator. To facilitate shifting
the reproducer from one groove to another, the reproducer is provided
with .none for moving it across the record, which means may be con¬
trolled by the operator at a dictance from the reproducer.
It is an objoot of this invention to provide a phonograph
of improved construction capable of operating repeatedly in a pre¬
determined cycle to deliver one or more predetermined sound seances
at desired timos and as required by the operation of associated
mechanism*
It is a further object of this invention to provide
mechanism for insuring that the reproduction of the desired sound
sequence shall bogin always at the proper and desired point in the
sequence, and shall terminate always 5r0P°r 0303 aosired polnt
in the sequence*
It is q further object <tf this invention to provide
mechanism so arranged as to insure that the sound delivery by the
machine shall not take place until the mechanism driving the record
shall have accelerated tho record to the proper and desired speed.
It is a further object of this invention to provide
maohanism so arranged as to oause the sound record to stop always in
the same predetermined position with respeot to the reproducer, while
permitting the driving mechanism to continue to any position necessary
|j to dissipate gradually and harmlessly tho kinotio enerfey due to its
It is a furthor object of this invention to provide a
machine of the class described in whioh the stoop Inf; moans has
associated therewith a control for the prime mover of the machine oo
rolated that, when operation of the machine i3 initiated by said
control, tho stopping means is withdrawn and prevented from operating
until tho rooord has reachod a definite point in its cyolo, at whioh
tina it is freed to operate.
It is a further object of this invention to provide, in
oonjunotion with an arrangement such as described above, a motor
adapted for operation from a diroot or alternating current source,
selectively, and having moans for regulating the Impressed voltage and
ourrent so that the speed cC tho motor may be adjusted to bo within
tho Hiatts for the operation of a'devico of this chnraoter, no natter
which source any bo utilized.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a device
of the class described whioh will ho capable of oomoetion with any
ordinary typo of coin-controlled device, such as a dispensing device
or the like, in such winner that tho coin-controlled unit functions
to initiate the ontire sonuence of operation oarriod on in a single
cycle In tho operation of the machine, oven though tho ourrent impulse
delivered by the coin-controlled unit ho only momentary.
It is still a furthor object Of this invention to provide
a talking m china of tho character sot forth whioh is of duple con¬
struction and easily assembled, ana whioh, when assembled, my be
operated with little or no attontion for long periods and is so
arranged as to minimize tho wear on the stylus and record.
Still other objoets of this invention will he understood
from tho speoif ioaticm and advantages.
The features of novelty v/hidh I bolieve to bo character Is tio
of ny Invention are set forth with particularity In tlio appended
claims. Ky invention itself, however, both as to its fundamental
principles and as to its particular embodiments, will best be
understood by reference to the specification and accompanying
drawings, in whioht
Figure 1 is a front elevation view of said arrangement in
partial seotlon.
Figure 2 is a plan view of an arrangomont embodying the
invention, portly brolcon away.
Figure 3 is a side elevation view of said arrangement,
certain parts being omitted for clarity of disclosure.
Figuro 4 is a jgragmentary side elevation view, partly in
sootion, showing the arrangement of the variable resistance and its
control.
Figure 5 is a fragmentary elevation view illustrating a
detail of the automatic control and stopping means.
Figure 6 is a wiring diagram of the system.
Figure 7 is a plan view of a portion of said arrangement,
including the sound reproducer, its mounting, and adjusting meanB
therefor.
Figure 8 is a front elevation view of the apparatus shown
in Fig. 7, parts being broken away in seotlon.
Figure 9 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating the
position of the stopping mechanism just prior to the release thereof.
Ref erring now more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, there is
shown a platform P, which corresponds to tho turntable platform of
the ordinary type of phonograph. Above platform P are mounted the
turntable T and tho reproducer H, the lattar being supported above the
turntable I and in properly associated relation, so that tho stylus
S of reproducer R nay be brought into engagement with tho sound reoord
dlso D, carried by turntable T. Below platform ? are supported the
elements of the driving mechanism II for turntable 5,
Driving mechanism K proferably includes a motor 10, secured
beneath platform P in ary well known irtmner, a driving clutoh 12 on
the motor shaft 14 having a plurality of U-shaped spring members 16
scoured thereto by means of long sorows 10, or tho like, engaging tho
nooks of the U*s. She arms of mombors 16 extend outwardly from driving
clutch 12 at rltfit angles to tho shaft 14,and are positioned to engage
within openings in the flange 20 extending toward motor 10 from a disc
22, which is secured, in any desired manner, on a shaft 24. A resilient
drive le thus obtained between motor 10 and shaft 24, which ie sub¬
stantially in alignment with motor Bhaft 14 and is carried in a bearing
bracket 26 at its forward end and in an adjustable thrust bearing 28,
at its roar ondj bracket 26 and bearing 28 being preferably rado as
parts of a unitary oastlng 30, secured beneath tho platform P. The
drive between motor 10 and Bhaft 24 is suoh that, if excess resistanoe
is incurred beyond said drive, tho Bpring members 16 will 3lip over the
flanges 20 and thus prevent the application of any undue stress to tho
shaft 24 and tho associated parts of the meohaniom. This friction drive
forms, £or se, no part of this invention and is well known in the art.
Shaft 24 carries the worm 32 and the rotating parte of a
Governor mechanism 0. The governor meohanism 6 may be any dooired
devloe for controlling the speed of apparatus of this typo, but
preferably comprises weights 34. mounted on springs 40. in this
arrangement a braking plate 36 and a braking pad 30 are brought into
frictional engagement when the spoed of rotation of shaft 24 exceeds
a predetermined value. The wolghts 34 move outwardly against the
action of the spring Berbers 40, the endc of the latter hoing fliddly
connected with sleeves 39 and 41 mounted on shaft 24 in relatively
slidahle relation to each other hut arranged to rotate with shaft 24.
One of said slooves, preferably 39, ir fired to said shaft, while the
other is slidable thereon and carries the broking plate 36. Any
suitable adjusting arrangement nay be connected with the braking pod 38
to vary the distance from said pad to plate 36 for securing various
speeds of shaft 24 in u manner well known. Toe governor mechanism
above described fonts, per se. no part of this invention and is well
known in the art.
'."orm 32 operatively engages a worm wheel 42, carried on the
Bhaft 44. forming a reduction soaring between motor 10 and turntable I,
which 1b mounted at the upper end of shaft 44 in a Banner hereinafter
to bo explained. Eio lower end of shaft 44 is supported within a step
bearing 46, which, if desired, may be ando as a continuation of the
bearing bracket 26, within which the intermediate portion of shaft 44
is ndltably supported for rotation.
A notch 68 is provided in tho peripheral edge of the record
carrier 50, and is adopted to ho ensued hy the finger 60, vfcioh
extends wwardly from an arm 62, pivotally snpportod on platform P.
A catch 64 is pivotally mounted at 66 on platform P and biased for
counter-clockwise rotation hy spring 72, lugs 60 and 70 on arm 62 and
catch 64, respectively, serving as securing means for the tenri on
spring 72. «hon oatch 64 is disengaged from arm 62, the totter is
draw clockwise, hy spring 72. to such position that finger 60 will
fall into notch 50, if the latter ho positioned properly with relation
thereto. However, if by suitable moans, which will be described, the
arm 62 be moved outwardly against the action of spring 7?., tho ond of
finger 60 will slide along the edge 73 of catch 64 until it roaches a
shoulder 74, at the outer end of said catch. Thereupon, catch 64
will be rotated counter-clockwise by the action of spring 72 until
shoulder 74 engages finger 60 to lock it out of notch 58. The arm
62 will be retained against movommt inwardly until such tirre as catch
64 is again rotatod clockwise to roloaso finger 60, spring 72 will
then again move arm 62 and its associated finger into position.
Of record oarrlor 50.
engaging the periphery
Arm 62 is pivotod by means of a pin 75 in a bearing carried
by platform P, said pin extending below said platform and having the
armtnre 76 swedged thereinto, or in any suitable rnnner secured for
move sent therewith. Armature 76. which preferably is insulated
eleotrioally from arm 62, is electrically connected to one side of a
plug-in socket 78. housed within a receptacle 80 in the platform P,
whereby any suitable source of electrical potential can be connected to
armature 76 and to the other lead 82 from said socket. Armature 76
carries a contact point 84, v.hioh is mounted in position to be brought
into electrical contact with a contact point 86. retained upon any
suitably insulated bracket 08, extending downwardly into position from
platform P. Contact point 86 is electrically connected, by suitable
lead wires, to one terminal of motor 10, the other terminal of vhioh
is connected by load 90 to one terminal of the variable resistance 92,
the other terminal of which is connected to socket 78.
Kotor 10 is preferably a unit capable of use with either diroot
or alternating current. As will be understood, in the use of such units
the speed of the unit varieo with the characteristics of the source used
in relation to the unit. Since the governor mechanism 0 is of the type
whioh does not compensate for any great variations in the speed of the
mechanism, hut rather takes core of small variations only, means nmst he
provided for minimizing the effects of these characteristics of the
sources of supply. The variable reoistanoo 92 is therefore connected
into circuit with the motor 10, it preferably consists of a coll of wire
94, suspended below and suitably insulated from Platform P, either one
of leads 82 or 90 being directly connected to one end of ooil 94, while
ithe other lead is connected to a cross bar 96, upon whioh slides the
adjustable oontaot arm 96.
-10-
aloe ye 100,
Adjustable contact arm 98 preferably comprises
surrounding the oroos bar 96 and carrying one end of a spring finder 102,
the other end of whioh normally rides upon ooll 94. A spring 104,
housed between the eloeve 100 and bar 96, serves to retain spring
finger 102 In eleotrloal contaot with bar 96, and at the same time pro¬
vides against accidentally ohanging the set position of said finger. A
button 105 Is threaded into sleeve 100 and passes therethrough, so that
the threaded pin' 106 thereof nay bo screwed down against the spring 102
after propor adjustment of spring finger 102 has been made to fix the
position of said finger positively with respect to coil 94, A stop
pin 108 nay be provided on bar 96 to limit travol in one direotion.
While the eontuot screw 110, which sorvos as a terminal for taking
electrical connection to bar 96, acts as a stop at the other end of
travel of said finger. Button 105 is mounted to slide in a slot 112,
out through platform P, for easy adjustment of the speed of motor 10.
Ar nature 76 is formed tilth extending arms 114, whioh are
positioned to be attrnoted by electromagnet 118, mounted beneath
platform P. The coils 116 of the electromagnet energize the pole pieoeB
120 with which the arms 114 are adaptod to coaot. "lectr or, upset 118
is arrangedufor operation eithor on alternating or direot current, for
whioh purpose it is preferably provided with two independent coils or
windings, one arranged for alternating and the other for direot current,
having a common return 122 leading back to a plug-in receptacle 124,
mounted In platform P. The other lead 126 from said receptaolo is
oonneoted to a oonnootion box 128, by means of whioh connection is made,
through the notion of a switch 130, with either the direot or the
alternating ooil of the said olootromagnet 118.
PI'S"- in reoeptado 124 is designed to receivn tlio plug of
Bonn external souroe of energy in which sono switching arrangement ton
been provided for momentarily energizing the e lootroaagnet IIS.
Specifically, the apparatus is designed to he electrically connected
/with the coin-controlled portion of a dispensing unit in which the
j' coin, when inserted into the unit. Initiates a momentary electrical
current hy closing a circuit for a limited period of time. In the
wiring diagram of Pig. 6, this is illustrated diagramatioally, the
ooin-oontrolled 3wltch or circuit-making device 1S2 operating to pass
a current from the source of electrical enoivy 1S4 through tho box 128,
which too previously been set for alternating or direct- current,
through one winding of electromagnet 118 and then through tho common
return 122, so that tho armature 76 will he attracted to said
olootromagnot, dosing the oirouit between tho contact points 84 and
06 to energize the motor 10. It will bo noted that, simultaneously
with the movement of arnature 76 to tho oirouit closing position, tho
arm 62 is moved to remove finger 60 from notch 58 and looked in open
position by oatoh 64, as previously described, thus liberating record
carrier 50 f<r movement. Tho motor oirouit is thus kept dosed, even
though electromagnet is no longer energized. A buffer 13B rosy bo
secured on platform P to cushion the shook of stopping armature 76 in
its movement when attracted hy electromagnet 118.
-12-
Extending upwardly from catch 64 is a lug 136 (Bee Fig. 3),
against which a pin 138, secured in the under aide Of record carrier
50, is adapted to strike when said holder has been rotated through
almost 360°, Record carrier 50 is preferably made of larger diamotor
than lower plate 48, pin 138 extending downwardly from record carrier
50 beyond the odgo of under plate 48. Catoh 64 will be moved clock¬
wise by pin 138 striking lug 136, so that finger 60 will no longer
be looked out of notch 58-by catch 64. Finger 60, when released, will
bo thrown against tho peripheral edge of rocord oarrier 60.
Simultaneously with such disengagement of catch 64 and movoivent of
finger 60, tho contact points 84 and 86 v/ill be separated and tho
oircuit of motor 10 broken. However, motor 10 and the other parts of
tho driving system will still have considerable momentum, so that
reoord oarrier 50 v/ill bo further notated until finger 60 is preBBed
into notoh 68, wherevq?on further motion of record oarrier 50 is
provontod. Che distanoe botween the point at which ornature 76 is
released from tho action of oatoh 64 and the point at which finger 60
engages notch 58 is merely sufficient, as seen from Fig. 9, to permit
tho fingor to be brought positively into position to slip into said
notch. Preferably, the point of release of armature 76 should be so
related to the end of the sound reproduction cycle that tho latter
will Just be completed when the release ooours, so that no distortion
arises from deceleration of the rocord diso D.
-13-
Surfaoos 52 and 54 T.’ill then slip oyer each other, per¬
mitting the motor eystem to ooaot to a complete stop \7ithout inmosing
any undue strain either on the motor, the intermediate connection or
upon the rooord oarrlor SO. If any undue friction between surfaces
52 and 64 should interfere with this dipping connection, the spring
drive between members 16 and the flange 20 of dieo 22 will slip and
thus relieve the strain.
Reproducer R is preferably of the typo in whioh the stylus
3 is a Jewel arranged to play "hill and dalo" records. Stylus S is
oarriod by an arm 140, whioh, in any desired manner, causes vibrations
of a suitable diaphragm within tho sound box 142 of reproducer H as
stylus S rides over the inprinted surface of the sound rooord D. Die
sound box 142 is fixed, ljy means of a set screw 144 passing through
the no oh 146 thereof, to a sleeve 146, the upper end of whioh 1b
provided with a flanged edge 150. A collar 152, having an inturned
flange 154, upon whioh the flange 150 is supported, is detachably
secured to a ring 156 which is either integrally formed with or
attaohod to the 'downtumed portion 168 of the tone arm 160. The tore
arm is supported in a bracket 162 and is fixed in position therein
hy moans of a sot sorow 164.
-14-
’JSie uppor and of the tone arm lo preferably oonneoted to any
suitable type of horn or acoustic amplifier^ indioated in dotted linos
In Fie. 7. Between flanged edge 160 and the Inner surface Of the
flange 154 there my be provided a buffer pad 166, proferably of
rubber, which constitutes a resilient fulcrum or bearing for the
sound box during the traoklng of any of tho grooves of the record
disc D in tho operation of tho apparatus, acts as a shock absorber
and serves to eliminate’* scratch" and also any noises that might
arise from move rant of the sound box 142 as the stylus S rides over
inner feet surfaees on the disc D. It is found that tho use of this
buffer and resilient fulcrum minimizes tho wear on the record and
results in greatly prolonging the useful life of the latter.
Preferably, stylus S is mounted relative to sound box 142 and diso D
so that no excessive lateral forcos will be active upon stylus S»
that is, tho radius of sound bos 142 extending througi stylus S will
bo substantially tangent with any groovo in diso D with which stylus
S may be oooperating. In this connection, it ie important that the
sound box should bo entirely free to take its own position in
following tho rooord, to minimize wear of the record to the greatost
possible extont, since it will bo understood that in this arrangement
a record groovo may receive as imoh use in one day as a home
phonograph record reooivos in many months.
. it is desired that the stylus 15 should, at all tiroes, be In
contact with the record disc D. Per this purpose, a disc S la pro¬
vided in Which have been insorihed circular (grooves 168, concentrically
arranged, each of which constitutes an Independent record, and with
which, in the raannor hereinafter set forth, the stylus 3 is adapted
to cooperate. In order to operate efficiently, it is necessary to «*a
the record of such also that sufficient distance my he allowed between
the point of contact of stylus 5 and the record groove at rest position
and the beginning of the sound Inscription In the groove, so that no
distortion in the sound reproduction will ensue due to acceleration
w the record. That is to say, a sufficient initial portion of the
sound groove is left blank to permit the record to reach constant speed
before reproduction begins. Also, the positioning of record disc D
by mans of the positioning pin 56 met be such that the finger 60 will
stop movement of the record carrier 50 as soon as possible after the
ond of the sound reproduction cycle, as set forth above, so that fee
naiimum part of the record groove may contain usable sound inscriptions.
-16-
coaotii
any one of the grooves 168 without hiving direct access to the sound box
142, an adjusting arrangement is provided. Said arrangement consists of
an arm 170, suitably pivoted ig>on a boss 172, formed, if desired, with
; the bracket 162. Arm 170 is formed with a yoked ana 174, tho slot 1V6
of v;hioh engages the stylus S. Sufficient play ie permitted for stylus S
in slot 176 to provide for imperfections in the record also D. A lover
178, pivoted intermediate its ends at 180 to any suitable fixed point on
platform P, has one end thereof connooted with an intermediate portion
of arm 170, while the other end thereof is mintainea, by moons of a
spring 182, in contact with an adjusting screw 184. Screw ie4 1b carried
in suitable bearings 186 and 188, the latter of which provides a screw
thread for coaction with screw le4 in its adjusting operation. As screw
184 is adjusted inwardly and outwardly, Btylus S will bo moved laterally
across the face of record D to select the desired groove to be used at
the particular time.
while I have shown an! described certain preferred embodiments
of n y invention, it will bo understood that modifications and changes
may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of ny invention,
as will be understood by those sklllod in the art.
-17-
claims
n1 tr** ;
1« In sound reproducing apparatus, in combination, a record
carrier, driving ineane therefor, and means to permit limited movement
only of said oarrier, said means comprising neolianiem for looking said
carrier in rest pooltion, and means for initiating operation of said
locking mechanism, said last namod means ho in" actuated hy said oarrier,
2. In sound reproducing apparatus, in combination, moans for
produoing sound, comprising a record and cooperating reproducer, means
for driving said rocord, said driving moons and said record being
v1 /friotionally copied to permit said driving moans to move simultaneously
>Y-, with, or independently of, eaid record, and means for preventing operation
1 of said record viiile permitting movorent of raid driving nenns.
3. In souni reproducing apparatus, in combination, neons for
produoing 30und, comprising a record and oooperating reproducer, moans
far driving said record, said driving means and said reoord being
friotionally ooupled to permit said driving moans to move simultaneously
with, or independently of, said record; neons for preventing operation ;
of said reoord vhilo permitting movemont of said driving means, and
moans for releasing said preventing means,
4, in combination, a sound record carrier, drivin- means for
said oarrier friotionally ooupled to caid oarrier, mans for positively
preventing movemont of said carrier while said driving means is free to
operate, means for releasing said preventing means and energizing said
driving me an 8, aid moans for returning said preventing means to movement .
| preventing position.
5. In combination, a sound record oarrier, driving means for j
| said carrier friotionally ooupled to said carrier, moans for positively
j preventing movement of said oarrier while said driving means is free to
| operate, moans for releasing said preventing means and energising said
| driving neons, and moons aotuated by said oarrier for returning said
ij preventing neons to movement preventing position.
6. In combination, a sound reo<rd carrier, driving moans for
oald oarrler frlctlonally coupled to said oarrior, neons for positively
preventing movomant of said oarrler virile said driving means Is free to
operate, means for releasing eald preventing means and energising oald
driving means, and means actuated by eald carrier after predetermined i
movement thereof for returning said preventing means to movement
preventing position.
7. in combination, a sound rooord carrier, driving means for
said carrier frlctlonally coupled to said oarrior, means for positively
preventing movement of said carrier while said driving means is free to
operate, moans for releasing said preventing moans and energizing said
driving scans In Inoperative position for one revolution of said rooodd
carrier, ' ‘ . £ ”• . , . / $»l
;B; A sound- reoord having sovmds inscribed there on_ln_a
continuous closod groove, caldj
soupy ing only a portion of
9. A sound record having a sound sequence lnscribedthery
In the form of a continuous closed groove, said record,bavfiTme£“is tae.f:,ij?>\
fixing the relative position of ntylu^apd-rhoord v.hon said record is
mounted for playing. andJJjo-^^lpoint of said sound seejuenoe being
^proaoter^tae^wltirroforenoe to the Initial position of said stylus on
10. In combination, a_ sound record having a continuous dosed
reoord track thereon, sound reproducing means cooperat lng with said traek,
to eald reproducing «
I and moans driven by said motor f or ^ tarmlnat lng-fc-hB-raore-rent— of—
record*--
relation
trade past no Id reproducer, said moving miaav **«»»»
dopondently of eaid support, means for stopplne. movement <tf said ;support
at a pro dot ermine d point, and means for Initiating operation of said
moving means to carry eald record through one cyolo only.
17. in combination, a sound reoord having a continuous closed
record trade thereon, a support for oald record arranged to carry said
reoord only in one position thereon, a reproducer nor.vally In co¬
operative relation with said track, means for moving said support to
drive said trade past eald reproducer, said moving means being free to
move independently of said support, means for holding sain support
stationary at a predetermined point, moans for Initiating operation
of said moving means and for releasir?g_Baid hoWUpg .. means, and means
j for returning said holding roans to hold In- position before any
portion of said traole repasoos said reproducer.
18. In combination, a turntable, means for driving said
turntable through n slip oonnootlon, mans for positively latching said
j turntable against movement with said driving means, and means for raking
said latching roans tennoror ily ineffective.
19. In combination, a turntable, means for driving said
i turntable througi a clip connection, roans for positively latching eald
turntable against movement with said driving i.-cans, a control switch far
said driving mans carried by said latching means and arranged to be
ii closed v.hon said latching means frees said turntable far rotation.
;l
In oonblnatii
turntable i
said
turntable through a slip oonneotlon therewith, neons for latching said
turntable against movement with said driving means while permitting
movement of said driving roans, a control switch for said driving means
Int or looked with said latohlng means for movement therewith, and means
for operating Baid latching means and said control swltoh,
21, In combination, a turntable having a notch therein,
means for driving said turntable through a slip connection, and means
for latohlng said turntable against movement with raid driving means
while permitting movement of said driving means, said means Including a
finger, ongageable with said notch.
22, In combination, a turntable, means for driving said
turntable through a slip connection, and means far latching said turn¬
table against movement v/ith said drlvinv noons while permitting movement
of eald driving means, said means including an arm movable radially
agiinst said turntable, said arm and said turntable being arranged to
interlock at one position,
23, In corb ination, a turntable, moans for driving said turn¬
table t) trough a blip oonneotlon on the record side of the turntable shaft, I
means for latohlng said turntable against movoment with said driving
means while permitting movement of said driving means, said means in¬
cluding a pivoted finger and a notch in said turntable to receive said
finger.
24. m combination, a turntable, means for driving said turn- j '
table througi a slip oonneotlon around the turntable shaft, means for 1 j
latohlng said turntable against movement v/ith said driving means while | i
permitting movement of said driving^ means, said means Including a pivot- j !
led finger and a notch in said turntable to reoetve said flngeir, raid j
j finger normally engaging within said notoh, and moons for withdrawing j j
| said finger from said notoh to permit rotation of said turntable, j | j
25. In combination, a turntable, norma for driving said
turntable through a slip oonneotim, moans for latohlnp sal'! turntable
against movement with oald driving neons while permitting movement of
said driving means, eaid meane Including a movable finger and a notoh
in said turntable to receive said finger, a olrcuit making oontaot
associated with said finger for movement therewith for initiating
operation of said driving means, said finger normally engaging said
notoh and moans for withdrawing said finger from said notoh and bringing
said contact into circuit nuking position.
26. In combination, a turntable, means for driving said
turntablo through a slip oonnootion, means for latching said turntable
against movement with mid driving mans while permitting movement of
said driving means, said means including a movable finger and a notch
in said tu’ntable to rooeivo said fingar, said finger normally en¬
gaging said notch, a circuit making contact associated with said finger
far movement therewith for initiating operation of said driving means,
means far withdrawing eaid finger from said notoh and bringing said
contaot into circuit making position, ond moans for returning said
finger to normal position after said turntablo lias rotated a pre¬
determined diotanoo.
27. In phonographic apparatus, a stylus carrying device,
and a snpport for 3uoh device, eaid support having a resilient bearing
or fulcrum engaged by and about which said dovlcG is adaptod to pivot
when the otyluc is in operative rooord-engagla,: position.
28. m phonographic apparatus, a stylus carrying dovioe, j
■ a support for suoh do v loo providing a bearing about which said dovioe
;j iS adopted to pivot when tho stylus is in oporotivo reoord-eu^Rlng
: position, and reel lion t natorlol disposed between said bearin'; and.
;j dovioe.
39. In phonographic apparatus, a dovioe waving a Btylus,
;; and. supporting swans provided with a shelf on which said dovioe la
j: adapted to raot sad bo freely supported, said shelf having a resilient
;■ bearing or fulcrum about which said dovice 13 raised and is adapted to
e pivot when tho stylus is in operative record-ongiginG position.
? SO. JCn phonographic apparatus, a^regroducer having a
ji stylus extending downwardly therefrom for eaigineroent with a record, an
upwardly extending number rigidly connected with said reproducer and
havin'; a horizontal projection, a support having a shelf on vMioh said
projection is adapted to rost to thereby frcoly support the roproduoer,
1 a portion of said shelf providing a hear ins for promotion about
;; uhioh the reproducer is pivotally raised when said stylus is In operative
record-engagin'-; position, and. resiliont Material disposed between said
; bearing and projection.
j: si, m phonograph io apparatus, a rotatablo reoord sup-
|i port, a reproducer disposed above said support and having a stylus ax¬
il tending downwardly therefrom adapted for engigement with a record on
1 said support, an upwardly extending uerabsr rigidly c.cmneoted to said
ii reproducer oad having a flange, a supporting metdbor having a . shelf. on
! whioh sold f lango is adapted to rest to thorohy fr«»^r_.aupp<gt, the re-
prodaoer, a portion of said shelf whioh is disposed rearvgrdly of said
| stylus, with respect to the direction of movement of said record sup¬
port past said stylus, providing a hearing for such flange about which
the reproducer is ralsoa when said stylus lo in oporatlvo reoora-en-
gaeing position, and resilient tutorial disposed botwaon cold flange and
32. in phonographic apparatus, a rotatable record sup¬
port. a reproducer disposed la substantially har izontal position and
having a downwardly extending stylus adopted far engagement with a
record on said support and an xgirmrd.te^fixtmdlng member rigidly con¬
nected therewith, a support having an aperture throng which said
projeota and an annular shelf abont paid aperture, said member
having a laterally extending annular flange adjacent its upper
end adopted to rest upon Bald annular shelf to thereby freely support
tho reproducer, a portion of said shelf constituting a hearing or ful¬
crum for said flange whioh is located resuwardly^of the stylus with
rospeot to the direction aS movement of tho record support past the
stylus and about which tho reproducer is adapted to ho pivotally raised
v.hon the stylus is in record-engaging position, and rosilient natorial
Slljis specification sigurb tljis 9th baij of January 13 30.
Thomas A. Edison, Jr,
State of Slew Serseg )
(Eountg of Essex J
5S<EAS A. EDISOK* OH. , the ahoue ttanteb
petitioner, being bulg suiorn, beposrs anb saao tljat lie is a citizrn of tlje Initeb
States, anb a resibent of Oran go. Essex Qounty. How jorsoy.
tliat hr nerilg brlirnrs himself to br life original, first aub sole inurntor of tlje
improuemrut in
PHOTCHBAPHS
besrribrb anb rlaintrb in tlje annexeb specification; tljat Ije bars not hnow anb
bors not brliroe tljat tlje same was rurr known or usrb before his innention nr
biscotrerg tljerenf; nr patcnteb or besrribrb in ang printeb publication ,in tlje
Itiiteb States of America nr ang foreign ronntrg brfore Ijis innention or
bisconerg thereof, or more tljan two gears prior to tljis application; nr patenteb
in ang countrg foreign to tlje llniteb States on an application fileb bg Ijim nr
Ijis legal representation nr assigns more tljan twelne mnntljs prior to tips
application; nr in public use or on sale in tlje luiteb States for more tljan two
gears prior to tljis application; anb tljat no application for patent upon saib
innention Ijas been fileb bg Ijim nr Ijis legal representatines nr assigns in ang
foreign countrg.
Thomas A« Edison. Jr. _
Sworn to anb subscribeb before me tljis 9th bag of January jgSO.
(Seal)
Stolarg Public.
Notary Publio for State of New Jersey
My Commission expires July 8, 1934
Boon 108 Annex 840 Paper No.
Department of Commerce .JSfS5?b.°iSS«fS
3 PATENT OFFICE " diwotOiiM,.
WASHINGTON Oct. 11, 193°.„.ii rn
w a communication from the EXAMINER in
charge of this application.
„ 001 ‘‘Z
CommUrioner of Patents. Applioant: Thomas A# Edison, Jr#
Henry Lanahan
Edison Offioe Bldg*
Orange, lit 1.
Ser. No. 419.780
Filed Jan. 10, 1930
For Phonographs
References made of reoord:
■^Nelson
✓ Hokelbarger
./Herbert
./Thompson
1,021,109 /liar. 26, 1912
1,311,057/ July 22, 1919
1.332.723/ J.Sar. 2, 1920
1,535, 188-/ Apr. 28, 1925
I92rll7 /
274-24 .
274-9 |
274-42 \
n <6 ; r <£*
'I'Zto
Claims 1-7, 18-26, comprising Group A, are dravm to a
slip olutoh and braking device and are examinable in olass 192,
subclass 117, as shown by Nelson.
Claims 8 and 9, comprising Group B, are drawn to a
flat record and are examinable in olass 274, subclass 43, as
shown by Thompson.
Claims IO-17 and 30, 31, comprising Group C, aro drawn
to a flat diBk phonograph and are examinable in class 274, sub¬
class 9, ns shown by Herbert.
Claims 27-30, comprising Group D, are drawn to a sound
box mounting and are examinable in olass 274, subolass 24, as
shown by Eolcelberger.
The slip disk and broke oould be used to advantage on
many turntables used for synchronizing pictures and sound, the
flat disk reoord could be used in any phonograph, the sound box
mounting would be valuable in any hill and dale machine, and the
phonograph could be operated with different parts. They are all
therefore separate and independent and division is therefore re¬
quired betwoen them and all of the olaims are rejected in view
of the requirement.
The state of the art 1b shown above after a cursory
soaroh to aid the applicant in his selection.
Examiner.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison, Jr.
PHONOGRAPHS Dlv. 5 Room 108 .Annex
Serial No. 419,780
i Filed January 10, 1930
TO THE HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe Aotion dated Ootober
'll, 1930, please amend the above entitled application as
; follows :
Oanoel claims 8 and 9.
REMARKS
The Office Aotion of October 11, 1930 has been |
o are fully considered. j
Claims 8 and 9, comprising Group D, as designated j
by the Examiner, have been cancelled in view of the Exam-
| men's requirement for division. Applicant hereby expressly
; reserves the right to file a divisional application or
[ divisional applications on the sub jeot matter of these olaims.
The Examiner's requirement for division between
j olaims 1-7, 18-26, comprising Group A, and olaims 10-17 and
30, 31, comprising Group C, and claims 27-30, comprising
Group D, all as designated by the Examiner, is believed to
be improper and unwarranted, and the Examiner is accordingly
respectfully requested to reconsider such requirement.
Offioe classification is not and never has been
| the test to determine whether division is warranted or not.
x parte TJhllg, 1903 C. D. 300 at 302:
"The faot that some of these dlstinot
inventions are classified by this
offioe in separate subolasses does
not if itself warrant the requirement
for division." .
j Applicant respectfully submits that the claims ;
comprising Groups A, 0 and D are all directed to combinations
; and suboomblnations of the various elements forming a single
unitary maohine, and that there is neoessary functional co¬
operation between these elements to produce a unitary desired
result, to wit, the delivery of one or more predetermined
sound sequences at desired times and bs required by associat¬
ed mechanism. (See seoond paragraph, page 3 of the specifi¬
cation). Under such oiroumstanoes, the authorities are in
accord that the various inventions embodied in such claims
are dependent and related and that division oannot and should
not be required. The Examiner is respectfully referred to
! Ex parte Kuh, 1876 C. D. at 190:
"It is the duty of the Office to allow
on inventor to embraoe in one applioa-
tion contrivances, however distinct,
whioh mutually contribute to produce
a unitary result."
The Examiner is also referred to U. S. ex rel Stelnmetz v.
, Allen, Commissioner of Patents, 1904 C. D. 703, wherein at
709 the Supreme Court of the United States wrote as follows:
"An exception, however, came to be made
in oases of dependent and related in¬
ventions.
In Hogg v. Emerson, (6 How., 437,) it
was said: 'x x x x But it is a well-
established exception that patents may
be united, if two or more, included in
one set of letters, relate to a like
eubjeot, or are in their nature or
operation connected together* (Phil* on
Pat* 210219 ; Barret v. Hall, 1 Mason
c. c. 447; Moody v. Fiske, 2 Mason
C. C. 112; Wyeth et al v. Stone et al,
1 Story 273. ) '
Tt is ursed that
mnnv nf the olairas included 1
Groups A and D are in effect suboomblnations of the olaims
linoluded in Group C. It is well recognized that in a patent
jwhere an element or suboomblnation is included in a oomblna-
Ition claim, such element or suboomblnation may be claimed per
- 2 -
se in the same patent, and this regardless of whether such
element or suboombination Is useful per se or not. National
Malleable Casting Co. v. American steel Foundries, 183 Fed.
626:
"An inventor of a new and useful com¬
bination is not oonfined to £is com¬
bination olaims, unless all of the
elemente are old. If
elements are new and useful, &£d show
invention, these may be claimed and
patented. This may be done in a
seDarate patent or by separate and dls„
t-tnot olaims. in the patent oovoring the
oombinatfonT even thougn such parts aie
without utility, save in «
with the other parts oi the devioe.
Furthermore the line of demarcation between the
matter ef the claim, or the ««« erott0‘ “ "X,””ly
Hazy, due to the fact that many at the ele—e of the —
In Groups A and D are also foaad In crone 0. ocyara. for
example! al.lt. 31, Group 0. ««d LI* »• O'™ B' “*
Kemluer team, to — reoognlz.d and a.ptaelz.d tea fact
that there 1. no clear line of demaro.tlon t.t.e.n the Li¬
ef L.. groups , for ha 1-1— ^ * °
U ». compere Lo — 1*. »• “ ™ « OI °
jand any of to. .1.1- »' °'™ A, »d p.rtlonl.rly —
jolaim 17 and olaim 6.
The Federal courts have adopted a harsh rule in
Lespeot to double patenting in oases where there is no clear
Lne of demarcation between the subject matter of the olaims
L divisional patents and where the subject matter of suoh
olaims le as closely related as in this case. The Supreme
Court of the United States took cognisance of this rule in
U. s. v. Steinmetz (ante), wherein, at page 713, the court
wrote as follows:
„ vtnwBver. indicates what em-
barraasment^wid peril of fights mayjoe^
?ng8ethebLpa™Uonnof related inventions.
See also Hosier Safe Co. v. Master,
- 3 -
(137 U. S., 345) and Miller v. Eagle
l Manufacturing Co., (C. D. , 1894, 147; I
66 0. G., 845; 151 U. 8., 106.)"
The Federal oourts have also on more than one occasion
indicated that divisional patents are to be olosely soru-
jtlnized and many of the oourts view with opprobrium the
ipraotloe of the Patent Offiao requiring division in a case
iauch as the present. See General Elootric Co. v. Mallory
& Co., 398 Fed. 579 at 584:
"x x x What the point really suggests
is that the long settled practice of _
the Offioe, requiring division of ap-
olications thought to reveal more
than a single invention leads to
logioal difficulties far greater than
could be found in a patent covering
numerous inventive concepts, provided
the claims were severally confined to
one Inventive oonoept only."
jSee also Benjamin Electric Mfg. Co. v. Dale Co. et al. 158
Fed. 617 at 619:
"This oase is a striking example of
the unfortunate result of too close
adherence to rule. Benjamin onme
to the Patent Offioe with a meritori¬
ous invention - a simple one which
was quite sufficiently described in
a brief specification, x x x x He
asked for seven claims, x x x x But
by the time the Patent Office got
through wi Hi him Benjamin was the
holder of four separate patents
granted upon divisional applications
sclit off from his original om;
the four patents containing together
98 claims."
It has been noted that claim 33 has not been in¬
cluded in any of the said groups designated by the Examiner,
1 be tween whioh division was required. Consequently this
iolaim has not been rejected. Applicant believes, however,
that olaim 33 should properly be retained in the application
i along with the claims comprising said Groups A, C and D.
Compare olaim 33 with claims 31 and 29 of said Groups C and
D respectively.
In conclusion, applicant respectfully submits
- 4 -
that claims 1 to ? inclusive, and 10 to 32 inclusive, should i
properly be examined and allowed to remain in the present
application, and that the requirement for divl3lon between
the olairas inoludod in said Groups A, 0 and D should be with¬
drawn. It is further urged that division should not be
required in the present case, where the likely result would
be to imperil the validity of olaims obtained in divisional
patents.
In vievf of the above, the present application
is now believed to be in condition for an action on the
merits, which is earnestly requested.
Respectfully submitted
5
M8-A
OtSS
-9"/ 33 5
Paper No. 4
Department of Commerce
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in 1W*- *95*
charge of this application. <S7 c (7 J J — -
Applicant: Thomas A. Edison,
/] Ha
( Ed
Henry T^imiiaw
, Edison Of floe Bldg.
I Orange , H. T*
Ser. Nc. ,
Filed Jan. 10, 1930
For Phonographs.
2ha requirement for division as set forth In the last
Office aotion Is withdrawn.'- However, division between
groups X and ZZ Is required as follows!
Claims 1-f, 10*26 , Comprising group Z are drawn to a
flat disk phonograph examinable In Class 274. sub loss a 9 as
shown by the patents to Herbert, of record, or Moore, olted.
Claims 27-30, comprising group II are drawn to a sound¬
box mounting examinable In Qiaos 274, subclass 24 as shown
by the patents to Eokelbarger or Webes, olted.
Claims 31 and 32 which are drawn to the old and exhausted
combination of a rotatable record support with a reproducer
therefor as shown by Moore or Weber can go with either group
for the present.
Xt is obvious that the Inventions covered by groups X and
X| are separate and distinct and do not depend on eaoh other
to outually produce a given result. Ihe speoiflo type of
mounting for ths sound-box covered by croup XX In no way
Edison, Jr. -2-
419.780
cooperates with the speolfio type of drive meohanism for the
turntable to mutually produce a given result. Henoe, division
Is required. See Rule 41.
Claims 1, 10, 11 and 12 are rejected as being fully met
by Moore, olted.
Claims 2, 3, 18 and 22 are rejeoted as being fully met by
Oyer, olted.
Claims 4, 19, 20 end 25 are rejeoted as not being patentable
over Dyer In view of Kraft. Dyer shows means 9» l£ for positively
preventing movement of the carrier 7 while the driving means 3
in frlotlonal engagement therewith is free to rotate. Kraft shows
means ^ for releasing the rotation preventing means 8 of the
oarrler 3 and energizing the driving motor, as shown In Fig. 4.
No Invention Is seen in oomblnlng the olrouit oontrol means of
Kraft with the stopping means 15, 16 of Dyer to energize and
deenergize the driving means.
Claim 7, lines 5 and 6, "for one-— oarrlei" is funotlonal
and Indefinite, slnoe no structure appears In the olaima to
is
: lndloate how one revolution of the oarrier7effeoted. Applicant
o la lms the result without the structure neoessary to produce the
result.
Claim 7 is therefore rejeoted as being funotlonal and
Indefinite.
Claim 10 Is rejeoted as being Inaccurate and unsupported by
the disclosure. The means 62 for stopping the record oarrler Is
not driven by the motor.
Claim 10 is further rejeoted as being fully met by Malllard
et al, olted. The disk 47 mounted on the motor shaft 30 carries
an Insulating segment 30 for deenergizing the motor after one
revolution.
' .Claim 14 Is rejeoted as not being patentable oTer Dyer In
419*780
view of Moore or Gavalli, oited. No invention ia Been in sub¬
stituting the closed reoord track of Moore for the reoord of
Dyer, The limitation "at the end of a oyole" appearing in
line 5 of the olaim is insufficient to lend patentability thereto,
since tlmre is nothing in the olaim to indicate what ie meant by
"one oyole."
Olaim 16 is rejected as being funotional and indefinite,
since there is nothing in the olaim to indicate what is meant by
"one cycle," ■B'urthermore, no structure appears in the claim to
effeot the funotion "to carry— only" appearing in line 8 of
the olaim.
Claims 21, 23 and 24 are rejected as not being patentable
over Dyer, since applicant’s notoh 38 Is no more than the
equivalent of the notoh formed by the projection 9 of Dyer.
Claims 27 and 29 are rejeoted as being fully met by
Br. 8,377, oited.
Claims 31 and 32 are rejeoted as being drown to an old
and exhausted combination of a rotatable Moord support with a
reproducer and mounting therefor. This combination is shown to
be old by Moore, Weber or Oavalli. The claims should therefore
be drawn to the reproducer mounting perse and not to the
combination.
All the olaims are rejeoted in view of the requirement for
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FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTORS
We thankfully acknowledge the vision and support of Rutgers University and the
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This edition was made possible by grant funds provided from the New Jersey Historical
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from many other individuals, as well as an anonymous donor; the Association of Edison
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at
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18 June 1981
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication including any portion of the guide and
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The original documents in this edition are from the archives at the Edison National
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ISBN 978-0-88692-887-2
A SELECTIVE MICROFILM EDITION
PARTY
(1911-1919)
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